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Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Evgeny Lodygin ◽  
Evgeny Abakumov

Agricultural soil use does not only affect the amount of soil organic matter, but also the molecular composition of humic (HAs) and fulvic acids (FAs). Changed hydrothermal conditions and composition of the incoming plant residues are reflected in the rate of humification and its products. The objective of this study was to compare the molecular composition of HAs and FAs isolated from Eutric Albic Stagnic Histic Retisol (Loamic), two Eutric Albic Retisols (Loamic)—mature and arable. Plots of mature Retisols are located at a middle taiga (Komi Republic, Russia) in a bilberry-green-moss birch-spruce forest. The plot of Retisols arable is located in the fields of the Syktyvkar state farm, which is 3.3 km northeast of mature Retisol plots. The development period is about 40 years, it is sowed with a pea-oat mixture. The results obtained indicate that soil reclamation essentially increases the proportion of aromatic components and decreases the content of carboxyl and ester groups in the humic substance (HS) structure. An increased extent of hydromorphism of Retisols leads to the enrichment of HS with aliphatic fragments.


Author(s):  
Natalia V. Gorinova

Introduction. The work is devoted to the study of the theatrical and dramatic work of O. Ulyashev. It reveals the originality of his dramatic handwriting and some aspects of the movement of national culture in the 1990s. Materials and Methods. The material of the study was the plays by O. Ulyashev. The method of study is comparative. Results and Discussion. O. Ulyashev’s plays are an important milestone in the history of the development of the Komi Theater. His plays, like many other ones of the turn of the XX–XXI centuries, are inherent in the desire for renewal. The artistic originality of his texts, however, determines the actualization of folklore material. The writer’s worldview is close to the high artistic, aesthetic and moral and philosophical potential of oral folk art. It is folklore origins that contribute to his creative quest and the development of his creative aspirations. O. Ulyashev’s works, like many other works of Komi literature of the late XX century about the historical past of the Zyryans, serve to increase and strengthen national identity. Conclusion. The work of the writer O. Ulyashev played an important role in the development of theatrical and dramatic art of the Komi Republic. His plays largely update the Komi drama, saturating it with folklore material, romanticizing the past of the Zyryans.


2021 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Валентин Олександрович Іванов

Agriculture and commercial economy of the Northern zone developed together with the development of the territory, is a way of life of the peoples rooted here. It was based on centuries-old agricultural traditions taking into account the extreme harsh natural conditions and agricultural features. The agro-industrial farm is designed to provide the population with biologically complete local food products, perform a social function. The purpose of the article is the sustainable development of agricultural production, providing an increase in the level of food self-sufficiency of the population of the northern territories on the example of the Komi Republic. The subject of the study is the process of managing the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The research methods used were systematic, comparative analysis, analogies, statistical, generalization of accumulated experience. The hypothesis of the study. The development of local agricultural production will increase food self-sufficiency, which will lead to savings in investments in transport, reduce product losses and improve its quality. Presentation of the main material. The possibilities and limitations of the development of northern agriculture are revealed. The trends in the development of the agricultural sector in the 1960s-1980s and in the conditions of market transformations are considered. The reasons for the decline in agricultural production, the reduction of the coefficient of food self-sufficiency are established. Priorities for the development of agriculture have been determined. Practical significance. Conclusions and recommendations can be taken into account by the Ministry of Agriculture and Consumer Market of the Komi Republic and other government bodies when determining the directions for improving state policy on the development of the agricultural sector. Conclusions of the study. Sustainable development of agriculture and increasing food self-sufficiency will require strengthening innovative modernization, the formation of a multi-layered agrarian economy, improving the economic mechanism, priority development of rural infrastructure, improving the level and quality of life of peasants.


Author(s):  
Татьяна Ивановна Дронова

В статье рассматривается религиозно-нравственный феномен гостеприимства в картине мира у русских староверов-беспоповцев Усть-Цильмы, проживающих в нижнем течении р. Печоры в Республике Коми. Источником к написанию работы послужили этнографические полевые материалы, собранные автором в Усть-Цилемском районе Республики Коми и корпус усть-цилемских фразеологизмов, пословиц, присловий, выявленный из словарей. Как концепт культуры гостеприимство широко представлено в паремиях, где аллегорически раскрываются ситуации, связанные с гостеприимством, осмысляются нормы, установки и предписания в поведении контактирующих сторон, раскрывается значение гостевых контактов в установлении и поддержании социальных связей. По заявленной теме представлены и проанализированы термины, выражения, характеризующие хозяев и гостей в зависимости от различных ситуаций (гостеприимность — негостеприимность, встреча — прощание и др.). В статье раскрывается, что гостеприимство имело большое воспитательное значение, ознакомление детей с нормами гостеприимства строилось не только на личных наблюдениях и примерах, но и с привлечением устойчивых выражений и текстов. Исследование показало, что гостевое общение сплачивало не только родственников, но и представителей общины в целом. Выявлено, что несмотря на известную закрытость староверов-беспоповцев, они проявляли дружелюбие и взаимопонимание к представителям других конфессий, предоставляли им кров и еду. В картине мира русских староверов-беспоповцев Усть-Цильмы гостеприимство имело важное значение в сохранении и развитии непреходящей ценности их бытия. The article examines the religious and moral phenomenon of hospitality in the picture of the world among the Russian Old Believers-bespopovtsy Ust-Tsilma, living in the lower reaches of the river. Pechory in the Komi Republic. The source for the writing of the work was the ethnographic field materials collected by the author in the Ust-Tsilemsky region of the Komi Republic and the corpus of Ust-Tsilma phraseological units, proverbs, and sayings identified from dictionaries. As a concept of culture, hospitality is widely represented in paremias, where situations related to hospitality are revealed allegorically, norms, attitudes and prescriptions in the behavior of contacting parties are comprehended, and the value of guest contacts in establishing and maintaining social ties is revealed. On the stated topic, terms and expressions are presented and analyzed that characterize the hosts and guests, depending on various situations (hospitality — inhospitable, meeting — farewell, etc.). The article reveals that hospitality was of great educational value, familiarizing children with the norms of hospitality was based not only on personal observations and examples, but also with the use of stable expressions and texts. The study showed that guest communication brought together not only relatives, but also representatives of the community as a whole. It was revealed that despite the well-known closeness of the Old Believers-bespopovtsy, they showed friendliness and mutual understanding to the representatives of other confessions, provided them with shelter and food. In the picture of the world of Russian Old Believers-bespopovtsy Ust-Tsilma, hospitality was of great importance in the preservation and development of the enduring value of their existence.


2021 ◽  
pp. 5-35
Author(s):  
Aziz A. MUSTAFAEV ◽  
◽  
Nikolay D. NAYDENOV ◽  
Elena N. NOVOKSHONOVA ◽  
◽  
...  

The article discusses the problems of increasing the multiplier effect of the agro-industrial complex of the Komi Republic as a result of investment, as well as ways to accelerate the economic growth of its spheres and individual enterprises. The problems of motivation to increase capital investments in order to increase production and competitiveness of marketable products remain without due attention. The aim of the study is to substantiate the transition of the agro-industrial complex of the Komi Republic to an innovative and investment path of development, to more active methods of using advanced technologies and resource provision of investments, increasing the share of the intellectual component in their composition. The subject of the study is to determine the level of the multiplier effect of the agro-industrial complex of the Komi Republic as a method for assessing its effectiveness and competitiveness. Research methods — quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of total costs, scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, systems approach, historical and logical method, statistical observations. The article reveals the main trends of the multiplier effect in the agro-industrial complex of the Komi Republic. It is proposed to increase the multiplier effect of the agro-industrial complex for business entities to focus on the tasks of coordinating the flows of available investment resources.


Turczaninowia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Olga E. Valuyskikh ◽  
Dmitry M. Shadrin

The aim of our work was to obtain chloroplast (trnH-psbA) and nuclear (ITS1-ITS2) DNA nucleotide sequences and identify the phylogenetic position of Phlojodicarpus villosus (Apiaceae). This species of vascular plants is represented in the Urals by isolated relic populations and is included in the regional Red Data Books. There is no data on P. villosus nucleotide sequences in the international open genetic databases. We studied two herbarium specimens of P. villosus, one collected from the Ural part of its range in the Komi Republic (Northern Urals) and the second collected from the main part of its range in the Magadan Region (Kolyma Highlands). Combining nuclear and chloroplast markers made it possible to reliably determine phylogenetic position of P. villosus within the tribe Selineae (subfamily Apioideae, family Apiaceae). We found ITS1-ITS2 and trnH-psbA nucleotide sequences to be sufficiently informative to identify specimens of this genus. High polymorphism of P. villosus sequences obtained from different parts of its range (Northern Urals and Kolyma Highlands) and the presence of evolutionary events (deletions) require more detail study of P. villosus and other Phlojodicarpus taxa by DNA barcoding methods.


2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-330
Author(s):  
A.A. Novikov ◽  
E.B. Fefilova

The number and location of sensilla and pores of the cephalothorax integument of the species Bryocamptus pygmaeus (G.O. Sars, 1863) (Copepoda, Canthocamptidae) were studied for the first time on the material from several European regions: the southeastern part of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra (Ne­nets Autonomous District), the north of the Komi Republic, the Republic of Karelia, and the central part of European Russia (Udmurt Republic). In the samples examined, two groups of populations differing in the characters of cephalothorax integument were recognised. These differences were found to correlate with the variability of the endopod of fourth pair of female legs, which bears four setae in specimens of the eastern form, while a specimen examined from Karelia has five setae. Pore maps are composed for both groups of morphotypes. A statistical analysis was carried out based on a new technique using three-dimensional models of the cephalothorax. As a result of this analysis, a high similarity between individuals of the eastern form and differences of the latter from the Karelian specimen were revealed.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayrat Bashirov ◽  
Ilya Galas ◽  
Marat Nazyrov ◽  
Dmitry Kuznetsov ◽  
Azamat Akkuzhin

Abstract In many oil and gas provinces not only in Russia, but throughout the world, carbonate strata make up a significant portion of the sedimentary cover, and large accumulations of hydrocarbons are associated with them. However, the purposeful study of them as reservoirs for hydrocarbons in our country practically began only in the post-war years. In the special petrography laboratory carbonate rocks composing various stratigraphic complexes of almost all oil and gas provinces of the Soviet Union were studied, and in particular, Paleozoic carbonate strata of the Timan-Pechora province, Ural-Volga region, Belarus, Kazakhstan, ancient Riphean-Cambrian formations of Yakutia and relatively young strata of the Late Cretaceous of the northeastern Ciscaucasia. Carbonates are widespread sedimentary rocks. A very significant part of them was formed in the conditions of vast shallow-water marine epicontinental basins. A large number of works are devoted to the study of such deposits. However, issues related to the conditions of formation of carbonate sediments and their postsedimentary changes cannot be considered resolved, as well as the classification of the rocks themselves. The analyzed field is the Osvanyurskoye one. It was discovered in 2007. The field is located in the north-east of the European part of the Russian Federation, 2 km from Usinsk in the Komi Republic. The field is a part of the Timano-Pechora oil and gas province and it is a mature field (fig. 1). The objective was a 2.5m thick layer of the Serpukhov horizon.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1164-1173
Author(s):  
Natalya N. Novikova ◽  
Vladimir V. Mironov ◽  
Mikhail D. Kitaygorodskiy ◽  
Vita F. Poberezkaia

The relevance of the research is due to the development of the digital space and the processes of restructuring the entire education system. Currently, a modern educational environment is being created in Russia to create conditions for the digital transformation of education with access to individual learning trajectories of students. A special place in modern education is occupied by the additional education of children. Additional educational activities are carried out based on target models for the development of regional systems in the regions of Russia. Different approaches to implementation in the field of digitalization are being developed in each subject of the Russian Federation. In this regard, it becomes relevant to assess the readiness of institutions of additional education for children in the regions to the challenges of modern digital society. The purpose of the publication is to identify the current state and prospects of digital transformation of additional education for children in Russia (on the example of the Komi Republic), considering the key features of the development of the modern digital industry. The leading methodological approaches to the study of the problem under study are system-pragmatist, personality-oriented, and differentiated. The methods of socio-historical and theoretical-methodological analysis, evaluation and generalization of the best practices of institutions for additional education of children, analysis of normative and program documents, and comparative analysis of static data were used in the course of the research. The main trends in the digital transformation of additional education for children have been identified. Promising directions for the development of additional education for children have been identified, considering the key approaches to the implementation of the National Technological Initiative and the National Project "Education". End-to-end technologies of the digital industry have been identified as a result of the research and the correspondence of the directions of educational programs in modern models for additional education of children to these technologies has been determined. The experience of educational activities in modern centers of additional education of the Komi Republic has been summarized: "Kvantorium", "IT-cube", "House of scientific collaboration". The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of using the obtained data to improve the processes of digital transformation of additional technical education. The research materials can be in demand by managers, methodologists, teachers of the system of additional education for children when developing the concept of development and planning educational activities.


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