Dietary sodium restriction and β2-adrenergic receptor polymorphism modulate cardiovascular function in humans

Mononuclear leukocyte (MNL) beta 2-adrenergic receptor (beta 2-AR) binding and its linked adenylate cyclase sensitivity to isoproterenol were measured in nine healthy humans prior to and after 7 days of dietary sodium restriction to determine whether chronic physiological increases in plasma norepinephrine (NE) are associated with the downregulation of beta-AR-mediated function. Sodium restriction resulted in an increase in the plasma NE concentration (P less than 0.02) and decreases in MNL beta 2-AR density (P less than 0.001), affinity for antagonist (P less than 0.001), and adenylate cyclase sensitivity to isoproterenol (ANOVA, P less than 0.01). To determine whether this downregulation of MNL beta 2-AR-mediated function is related to the increased plasma NE concentration or to increased extravascular NE release, NE kinetics was assessed using compartmental analysis in each subject prior to and after sodium restriction. Sodium restriction caused a decrease in the plasma NE metabolic clearance rate (P less than 0.005) and in the volume of distribution of NE in the intravascular compartment (P less than 0.005), whereas the extravascular NE release rate was unchanged. Our data suggest that the downregulation of MNL beta 2-AR-mediated function in humans during dietary sodium restriction is a response to the increase in plasma NE.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Dietary sodium restriction: a neglected therapeutic opportunity in chronic kidney disease.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718885187.793500395 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Luis Ruilope ◽

Enrique Morales

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Dietary Sodium ◽

Sodium Restriction ◽

Therapeutic Opportunity ◽

Dietary Sodium Restriction

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The Effects of Short-Term Changes in Sodium Intake on Plasma Marinobufagenin Levels in Patients with Primary Salt-Sensitive and Salt-Insensitive Hypertension

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051502 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1502

Author(s):

Katarzyna Łabno-Kirszniok ◽

Agata Kujawa-Szewieczek ◽

Andrzej Wiecek ◽

Grzegorz Piecha

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Primary Hypertension ◽

Dietary Sodium ◽

Sodium Restriction ◽

Short Term ◽

Salt Loading ◽

Dietary Sodium Restriction

Increased marinobufagenin (MBG) synthesis has been suggested in response to high dietary salt intake. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of short-term changes in sodium intake on plasma MBG levels in patients with primary salt-sensitive and salt-insensitive hypertension. In total, 51 patients with primary hypertension were evaluated during acute sodium restriction and sodium loading. Plasma or serum concentrations of MBG, natriuretic pro-peptides, aldosterone, sodium, potassium, as well as hematocrit (Hct) value, plasma renin activity (PRA) and urinary sodium and potassium excretion were measured. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and echocardiography were performed at baseline. In salt-sensitive patients with primary hypertension plasma MBG correlated positively with diastolic blood pressure (ABPM) and serum NT-proANP concentration at baseline and with serum NT-proANP concentration after dietary sodium restriction. In this subgroup plasma MBG concentration decreased during sodium restriction, and a parallel increase of PRA was observed. Acute salt loading further decreased plasma MBG concentration in salt-sensitive subjects in contrast to salt insensitive patients. No correlation was found between plasma MBG concentration and left ventricular mass index. In conclusion, in salt-sensitive hypertensive patients plasma MBG concentration correlates with 24-h diastolic blood pressure and dietary sodium restriction reduces plasma MBG levels. Decreased MBG secretion in response to acute salt loading may play an important role in the pathogenesis of salt sensitivity.

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