Particle Tracking Velocimetry Using Laser-Beam Scanning and Its Application to Transient Flows Driven by a Rotating Disk

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ushijima ◽  
N. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Particle Tracking ◽  
Particle Tracking Velocimetry ◽  
Transient Flow ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Transient Flows ◽  
Particle Images ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

A particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) system has been developed to obtain instantaneous two velocity components on several sections in three-dimensional space. The flow visualization is conducted by means of parallel laser-light sheets created by a scanning laser beam and the visualized particle images are taken by a highspeed video system synchronized with the scanning. In order to obtain higher accuracy in velocity measurements than usual PTV, some improvements are made on the analyzing procedures: the extraction of particle images, the determination of their center points, the derivation of velocity components and others. The present PTV was applied to the transient flows in a cylindrical tank with a rotating disk. As a result, two-dimensional transient flow patterns with large scale disturbances are continuously captured in three-dimensional space.

Three-Dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry With Laser-Light Sheet Scannings

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Ushijima ◽  
Nobukazu Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Particle Tracking ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Particle Tracking Velocimetry ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Light Sheet ◽  
Optical Scanners ◽  
Particle Images

This paper describes three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry (3D PTV), which enables us to obtain remarkably larger number of velocity vectors than previous techniques. Instead of the usual stereoscopic image recordings, the present 3D PTV visualizes an entire three-dimensional flow with the scanning laser-light sheets generated from a pair of optical scanners and the images are taken by a high-speed video system synchronized with the scannings. The digital image analyses to derive velocity components are based on the numerical procedure (Ushijima and Tanaka, 1994), in which several improvements have been made on the extraction of particle images, the determination of their positions, the derivation of velocity components and others. The present 3D PTV was applied to the rotating fluids, accompanied by Ekman boundary layers, and their complicated secondary flow patterns, as well as the primary circulations, are quantitatively captured.

Extension of the Spatial PDI Model to Three Dimensions

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-178
Author(s):  
Frank O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Finite Lattice ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Density Index ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

The author's population density index ( PDI) model is extended to three-dimensional distributions. A derived formula is presented that allows for the calculation of the lower and upper bounds of density in three-dimensional space for any finite lattice.

A Peptoid with Extended Shape in Water

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumpei Morimoto ◽  
Yasuhiro Fukuda ◽  
Takumu Watanabe ◽  
Daisuke Kuroda ◽  
Kouhei Tsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomolecular Recognition ◽  
Biological Application ◽  
New Class ◽  
Proteolytic Resistance ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Optically Pure ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

<div> <div> <div> <p>“Peptoids” was proposed, over decades ago, as a term describing analogs of peptides that exhibit better physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties than peptides. Oligo-(N-substituted glycines) (oligo-NSG) was previously proposed as a peptoid due to its high proteolytic resistance and membrane permeability. However, oligo-NSG is conformationally flexible and is difficult to achieve a defined shape in water. This conformational flexibility is severely limiting biological application of oligo-NSG. Here, we propose oligo-(N-substituted alanines) (oligo-NSA) as a new peptoid that forms a defined shape in water. A synthetic method established in this study enabled the first isolation and conformational study of optically pure oligo-NSA. Computational simulations, crystallographic studies and spectroscopic analysis demonstrated the well-defined extended shape of oligo-NSA realized by backbone steric effects. The new class of peptoid achieves the constrained conformation without any assistance of N-substituents and serves as an ideal scaffold for displaying functional groups in well-defined three-dimensional space, which leads to effective biomolecular recognition. </p> </div> </div> </div>

scholarly journals Quantitative image analysis of microbial communities with BiofilmQ

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimo Hartmann ◽  
Hannah Jeckel ◽  
Eric Jelli ◽  
Praveen K. Singh ◽  
Sanika Vaidya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Image Cytometry ◽  
Quantitative Image Analysis ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Quantitative Image ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

AbstractBiofilms are microbial communities that represent a highly abundant form of microbial life on Earth. Inside biofilms, phenotypic and genotypic variations occur in three-dimensional space and time; microscopy and quantitative image analysis are therefore crucial for elucidating their functions. Here, we present BiofilmQ—a comprehensive image cytometry software tool for the automated and high-throughput quantification, analysis and visualization of numerous biofilm-internal and whole-biofilm properties in three-dimensional space and time.

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