Production of Realistic Flaws and Their Meaning for Ultrasonic Testing

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Hodac ◽  
Pavel Mares ◽  
Jaromir Janousek ◽  
Martin Linhart
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
Ultrasonic Testing ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Ultrasonic Test ◽  
P 75 ◽  
Array Technology ◽  
Ultrasonic Echo ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array ◽  
Test Result

This work is designed to artificially create test specimens with flaws that behave the same way as real-function flaws when observed by nondestructive testing (NDT) technologies. Thus, the understanding of the detection limitations of NDT methods is needed. In this study, real, realistic, and artificial flaws were compared by ultrasonic phased array technology. Fatigue flaws, which belong to the most common structural issues (Ruzicka, M., Hanke, M., and Rost, M., 1987, Dynamicka Pevnost a Zivotnost, CVUT, Prague, Czech Republic, p. 75), are investigated. Measurements have revealed significant differences in the amplitude of ultrasonic echo from fatigue cracks in distinct phases of crack propagation. Studied specimens with realistic flaws have demonstrated their quality for calibration, staff training, and NDT system qualification. More realistic test specimens will increase ultrasonic test result reliability.

An Ultrasonic Phased Array Evaluation of Cast Austenitic Stainless Steel Pressurizer Surge Line Piping Welds

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron A. Diaz ◽  
Anthony D. Cinson ◽  
Susan L. Crawford ◽  
Traci L. Moran ◽  
Michael T. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultrasonic Testing ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Ultrasonic Beam ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array ◽  
Surge Line ◽  
Thermal Fatigue Cracks

A set of circumferentially oriented thermal fatigue cracks (TFCs) were implanted into three cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) pressurizer (PZR) surge-line specimens (pipe-to-elbow welds) that were fabricated using vintage CASS materials formed in the 1970s, and flaw responses from these cracks were used to evaluate detection and sizing performance of the phased-array (PA) ultrasonic testing (UT) methods applied. Four different custom-made PA probes were employed in this study, operating nominally at 800 kHz, 1.0 MHz, 1.5 MHz, and 2.0 MHz center frequencies. The CASS PZR surge-line specimens were polished and chemically etched to bring out the microstructures of both pipe and elbow segments. Additional studies were conducted and documented to address baseline CASS material noise and observe possible ultrasonic beam redirection phenomena.

Application of Visual Beam Ultrasonic Phased Array in Inspection of Weld in Tubular Node

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaojun Wang ◽  
Xiaoying Tang ◽  
Houde Yu ◽  
Yaozhou Qian ◽  
Jun Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joints ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Sound Beam ◽  
Ultrasonic Sound ◽  
Array Technology ◽  
Coverage Model ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array ◽  
Arbitrary Section ◽  
Tubular Joint ◽  
Low Efficiency

Responding to complexity and particularity welding on the geometry of TKY tubular node, this paper constructs mathematical model of tubular joint weld of arbitrary section by simplifying the geometry structure, and draws welded joints and ultrasonic sound beam lines based on the actual specifications in order to solve the problems of low efficiency, positioning difficulty, missing inspection and etc. The computeraided simulation technology can realize the visualization in the beam coverage model of welded joints, which can commendably guide the design of ultrasonic phased array inspection and overcome the blindness of the instrument detection parameters, thus improving the effectiveness and pertinence of the actual detection. Study shows that it is beneficial to enhance the effectiveness of the detection tubular joint weld by employment of Visual beam and ultrasonic phased array technology.

scholarly journals Design Considerations for the Use of Ultrasonic Phased Array Probes in Weld Inspection

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Testing ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Array Probe ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array ◽  
Weld Inspection ◽  
Service Inspection

Ultrasonic testing of metal welds has been in use for many years. Scanning methods using both contact and immersion methods are often used at the time of manufacture and also during periodic in-service inspection programs. But because of a variety of component configurations and potential flaw geometries it is often necessary to perform several inspections, each with a different probe configuration to assure adequate defect delegability. It is possible that a properly designed phased array probe can perform several different inspections without changing hardware thereby reducing inspection times. This presentation reviews the design and operation of ultrasonic phased array transducers and the necessary features to achieve the desired performance. Situations in which these probes have already been implemented effectively are also discussed.

Optimizing Probe Active Aperture for Phased Array Weld Inspections

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 797-804
Author(s):  
Anmol Birring
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Ultrasonic Testing ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Acceptance Criteria ◽  
Nondestructive Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Array Technology ◽  
Selection Of

Phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) has become a popular nondestructive technique for weld inspections in piping, pressure vessels, and other components such as turbines. This technique can be used both in manual and automated modes. PAUT is more attractive than conventional angle-beam ultrasonic testing (UT), as it sweeps the beam through a range of angles and presents a cross-sectional image of the area of interest. Other displays are also available depending on the software. Unlike traditional A-scan instruments, which require the reconstruction of B- and C-scan images from raster scanning, a phased array image is much simpler to produce from line scans and easier to interpret. Engineering codes have incorporated phased array technology and provide steps for standardization, scanning, and alternate acceptance criteria based on fracture mechanics. The basis of fracture mechanics is accurate defect sizing. There is, however, no guidance in codes and standards on the selection and setup of phased array probes for accurate sizing. Just like conventional probes, phased array probes have a beam spread that depends on the probe’s active aperture and frequency. Smaller phased array probes, when used for thicker sections, result in poor focusing, large beam spread, and poor discontinuity definition. This means low resolution and oversizing. Accurate sizing for fracture mechanics acceptance criteria requires probes with high resolution. In this paper, guidance is provided for the selection of phased array probes and setup parameters to improve resolution, definition, and sizing of discontinuities.

scholarly journals Composite Plate Phased Array Structural Health Monitoring Signal Reconstruction Based on Orthogonal Matching Pursuit Algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajie Sun ◽  
Feihong Gu ◽  
Sai Ji ◽  
Lihua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Matching Pursuit ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Sampling Theorem ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Array Technology ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array ◽  
Matching Pursuit Algorithm

In order to ensure the safety of composite components, structural health monitoring is needed to detect structural performance in real-time at the early stage of damage occurred. This is difficult to detect complex components with single sensor detection technology, so that ultrasonic phased array technology using multisensor detection will be selected. Ultrasonic phased array technology can scan the structure in all directions and angles without moving or less moving the probe and becomes the first choice of structural health monitoring. However, a large amount of data will be generated when using ultrasonic phased array with Nyquist sampling theorem for structural health monitoring and is difficult to storage, transmission, and processing. Besides, traditional Nyquist sampling cannot satisfy the sampling of large amounts of data without distortion, so a more efficient acquisition technique must be chosen. Compressive sensing theory can ensure that if the signal is sparse, it can be sampled in low sampling rate which is much less than two times of the sampling rate as defined by Nyquist sampling theorem for a large number of data and reconstructed in high probability. Then, the experiment result indicated that the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm can reconstruct the signal completely and accurately.

The Quantification Research of Engine Body Defect that Tested by Ultrasonic Phased Array

2014 ◽  
Vol 494-495 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Ding Bang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
The Body ◽  
Testing Equipment ◽  
Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array ◽  
Ultrasonic Emission ◽  
Array Detection

After a long run, the places of body cooperate with valve very easy to produce fatigue cracks. This cracks if not detected, extremely easy to have the accident. As the most commonly used testing equipment, ultrasonic nondestructive testing is often used to detect the engine body. However, most of the existing ultrasonic nondestructive testing equipment is used to detect whether there is a defect, there is little research the specific size of defects. According to the principle of ultrasonic emission, theoretical calculation and combined with test block, get the body phased array detection method.

Full Matrix Capture and Total Focusing Method: The Next Evolution in Ultrasonic Testing

NDT World ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Алан Колдер ◽  
Alan Caulder
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Testing ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Major Improvement ◽  
Ultrasonic Phased Array

Full matrix capture and the total focusing method are considered by many NDT experts to be the next major improvement to phased array ultrasonic testing. This article showcases some advantages the new techniques offer compared to the capabilities of traditional ultrasonic phased array.

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