Control of Highly Organized Nanostructures in Microchannels Using Nanoliter Droplets

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunpyo Choi ◽  
Kilsung Kwon ◽  
Hyung-kwan Chang ◽  
Daejoong Kim ◽  
Jungyul Park
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Nanoporous Membranes ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Biologically Inspired ◽  
Visual Color ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
Gradient Generation

In this study, we introduce a novel method for control of self-organization of nanoparticles in microchannels using the control of nanoliter droplets and show its useful applications. By controlling capillary force and evaporation process, nanoparticles can be assembled at the desired area and they can be used from nanoporous membranes to biosensor itself. As the biosensor applications, biologically inspired humidity sensor and IgG antibody detector were developed. They can recognize the target materials by the change of visual color without using any fluorescent probe and external electrical power source. These highly organized nanoparticles also induce the unique nanoelectrokinetics, which open new application fields such as such as separation, filtering, accumulation, and analysis of biomolecules, energy generation, and optofluidic system. Among them, we introduce two techniques that are diffuse based chemical gradient generation and sea water desalination.

Active Nanoporous Membranes for Desalination

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishnu Baba Sundaresan ◽  
James Patrick Carr
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Power ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Nanoporous Membranes ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Ion Rejection ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Large Pressure

Current water desalination technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) use tortuous structures and cylindrical nanopores to reject salts by size exclusion. The selective rejection of salts dissolved in water using nanopores requires large pressure gradients across the membranes to produce reasonable flow rates. The electrical power required for generating large pressure gradients increases the operational cost for desalination and limits its application as portable units in small communities and in third-world countries. Further, recently proposed desalination methods using carbon nanotubes and nanofluidic diodes have limited lifetime due to clogging and fouling from contaminants in feed water. Thus, existing or evolving technologies are expensive, bulky and not practical where it is needed the most. In order to develop a desalination system that is not limited by the disadvantages of existing systems, this article investigates the feasibility of a novel active nanopore membrane with superior ion rejection and water transport properties. An active nanopore is a shape-changing hyperboloidal pore that is formed in a rugged electroactive composite membrane and utilizes coupled electrostatic, hydrodynamic and mechanical interactions due to reversible mechanical oscillations between the charged pore walls and dissolved ions in water for desalination. This novel approach takes advantage of the shape of the pore to create a pumping action in the hyperboloidal channel to selectively transport water molecules. In order to demonstrate the applicability of this novel concept for water desalination, the paper will use a theoretical model to model the ion rejection properties and flow rate of salt-free water through an active nanoporous membrane.

scholarly journals Study of the Ecological Footprint and Carbon Footprint in a Reverse Osmosis Sea Water Desalination Plant

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Federico Leon ◽  
Alejandro Ramos-Martin ◽  
Sebastian Ovidio Perez-Baez
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
Desalination Plant ◽  
Materials Used

The water situation in the Canary Islands has been a historical problem that has been sought to be solved in various ways. After years of work, efforts have focused on desalination of seawater to provide safe water mainly to citizens, agriculture, and tourism. Due to the high demand in the Islands, the Canary Islands was a pioneering place in the world in desalination issues, allowing the improvement of the techniques and materials used. There are a wide variety of technologies for desalination water, but nowadays the most used is reverse osmosis. Desalination has a negative part, the energy costs of producing desalinated water are high. To this we add the peculiarities of the electricity generation system in the Canary Islands, which generates more emissions per unit of energy produced compared to the peninsular generation system. In this study we have selected a desalination plant located on the island of Tenerife, specifically in the municipality of Granadilla de Abona, and once its technical characteristics have been known, the ecological footprint has been calculated. To do this we have had to perform some calculations such as the capacity to fix carbon dioxide per hectare in the Canary Islands, as well as the total calculation of the emissions produced in the generation of energy to feed the desalination plant.

scholarly journals Development of a rapid and sensitive immunochromatographic strip based on EuNPs-ES fluorescent probe for the detection of early Trichinella spiralis-specific IgG antibody in pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Wang ◽  
Bin Tang ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Jing Ding ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Line ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Immunochromatographic Strip ◽  
Muscle Larvae ◽  
Zoonotic Parasite ◽  
Circulating Antibodies ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Specific Igg

AbstractTrichinellosis, which is caused by nematodes of the genus Trichinella, is one of the most important zoonotic parasite diseases in the world. A rapid and sensitive immunochromatographic strip (ICS) based on Eu (III) nanoparticles (EuNPs) was developed for the detection of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) infection in pigs. T. spiralis muscle larvae excretory secretory or preadult worm excretory secretory (ML-ES or PAW-ES) antigens were conjugated with EuNPs probes to capture T. spiralis-specific antibodies in pig sera, after which the complex bound to mouse anti-pig IgG deposited on the test line (T-line), producing a fluorescent signal. In the pigs infected with 100, 1000 and 10 000 ML, seroconversion was first detectable for the EuNPs-ML-ES ICS at 30, 25 and 21 days post-infection (dpi) and for the EuNPs-PAW-ES ICS at 25, 21 and 17 dpi. These results show that EuNPs-PAW-ES ICS detects anti-Trichinella IgG in pigs 4–5 days earlier that test using ML-ES antigens. Our ICS have no cross reaction with other parasite infection sera. Furthermore, the detection process could be completed in 10 min. This study indicated that our ICS can be used for the detection of the circulating antibodies in early T. spiralis infection and provide a novel method for on-site detection of T. spiralis infection in pigs.

An electrodialysis sea water desalination system powered by photovoltaic cells

Desalination ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Kuroda ◽  
S. Takahashi ◽  
S. Kubota ◽  
K. Kikuchi ◽  
Y. Eguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Water Desalination

Sea-water desalination with nuclear and other energy sources: the EURODESAL project

2003 ◽  
Vol 221 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 251-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nisan ◽  
G Caruso ◽  
J.-R Humphries ◽  
G Mini ◽  
A Naviglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Energy Sources

scholarly journals Detail Design - Linear Fresnel concentrator Steam Generator

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
samir touzani
Keyword(s):  
Steam Generator ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Detail Design

Complete Linear Fresnel concentrator Steam Generator schema . This paper describes in detail the steam gneration process to achieve the new sea water desalination process described in the paper available by this link https://osf.io/dvr9y/

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