Shoe-Floor Interactions During Human Slip and Fall: Modeling and Experiments

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitja Trkov ◽  
Jingang Yi ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Kang Li
Keyword(s):  
Friction Force ◽  
System Development ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Modeling And Experiments ◽  
Local Slip ◽  
Six Degree Of Freedom

Shoe-floor interactions such as friction force and deformation/local slip distributions are among the critical factors to determine the risk for potential slip and fall. In this paper, we present modeling, analysis, and experiments to understand the slip and force distributions between the shoe sole and floor surface during the normal gait and the slip and fall gait. The computational results for the slip and friction force distribution are based on the spring-beam networks model. The experiments are conducted with several new sensing techniques. The in-situ contour footprint is accurately measured by a set of laser line generators and image processing algorithms. The force distributions are obtained by combining two types of force sensor measurements: implanted conductive rubber-based force sensor arrays in the shoe sole and six degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) insole force/torque sensors. We demonstrate the sensing system development through extensive experiments. Finally, the new sensing system and modeling framework confirm that the use of required coefficient of friction and the deformation measurements can real-time predict the slip occurrence.

A Compliance-Driven Framework for Privacy and Security in Highly Regulated Socio-Technical Environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 933-962
Author(s):  
Ayda Saidane ◽  
Saleh Al-Sharieh
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
System Development ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Legitimate User ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Driven System ◽  
City System

Regulatory compliance is a top priority for organizations in highly regulated ecosystems. As most operations are automated, the compliance efforts focus on the information systems supporting the business processes of the organizations and, to a lesser extent, on the humans using, managing, and maintaining them. Yet, the human factor is an unpredictable and challenging component of a secure system development and should be considered throughout the development process as both a legitimate user and a threat. In this chapter, the authors propose COMPARCH as a compliance-driven system engineering framework for privacy and security in socio-technical systems. It consists of (1) a risk-based requirement management process, (2) a test-driven security and privacy modeling framework, and (3) a simulation-based validation approach. The satisfaction of the regulatory requirements is evaluated through the simulation traces analysis. The authors use as a running example an E-CITY system providing municipality services to local communities.

Modeling, analysis and control system development for the Italian hydrogen house

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1638-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Stewart ◽  
A.E. Lutz ◽  
S. Schoenung ◽  
M. Chiesa ◽  
J.O. Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals A vibrational approach to Slag Sensing System: development and industrial application

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1412-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Piccinini ◽  
V. Pesenti Campagnoni ◽  
S. Ierace ◽  
F. Floreani
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Application ◽  
System Development ◽  
Sensing System

scholarly journals The Coral Reef Sentinels Program: A Mars Shot for Blue Planetary Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
David I. Kline ◽  
Alex Dehgan ◽  
Paul Bunje ◽  
Shah Selbe ◽  
Ved Chirayath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Sampling ◽  
System Development ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
Tropical Eastern Pacific ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Automated Machine Learning ◽  
Business As Usual

Abstract Up to 90% of global coral reefs are predicted to be severely degraded by 2050 under “business-as-usual” scenarios. To meet the scale and scope of this challenge, we propose designing and demonstrating a multi-modal system that can incorporate data from remote sensing (satellites, aircraft, and aerial drones), acoustics, genetics, sensor arrays, and low-cost imaging systems. The latter will be collected by low-cost smart sensing and autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) guided by adaptive sampling modeling software and rapidly analyzed using automated machine learning systems. Development and deployment will be linked to extensive and diversity-enhancing training programs. The Coral Sentinel System will be globally deployed to enable rapid-response adaptive management and to build public engagement in conservation interventions to save coral reefs.Phase 1 (Year 1) will involve testing assumptions, coalition building, fundraising, and initial system development. Phase 2 (Years 2‐4) will focus on engineering and development with a pilot deployment in the Caribbean. Phase 3 (Years 5‐6) will involve system expansion and iteration along the Tropical Eastern Pacific corridor. Phase 4 (Years 7‐10) will involve global deployment to over 50 reef sites. This will lead during the following decade (Phase 5) to provisioning of low-cost Sentinel systems to coastal communities globally.

Forced-Controlled Nanomanipulation Utilizing Nano-Robotic Manipulator and Nanomechanical Cantilever

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Saeidpourazar ◽  
Nader Jalili
Keyword(s):  
Visual Servoing ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Robotic Manipulator ◽  
Force Sensing ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Distributed Parameters ◽  
Lumped Parameters ◽  
Tip Mass

This paper presents forced-controlled nanomanipulation utilizing nano-robotic manipulator and nanomechanical cantilever. A three degree of freedom (3 DOF) nanomanipulator with revolute revolute prismatic (RRP) actuator structure, named here MM3A®, can be utilized for a variety of nanomanipulation tasks. Previous publications of the authors present the mathematical modeling and robust control of manipulator’s tip using fused visual servoing and force sensor feedbacks. Due to lack of position and velocity feedbacks in MM3A® nanomanipulator, a fused vision/force feedback robust controller has been recently designed by the authors. Previous publications of the authors present the optimal utilization of the visual servoing and force sensor feedbacks for use in the nanomanipulation tasks. More specifically, the visual servoing and force feedback structures are investigated through extensive simulations in order to reveal issues in practical implementation. In modeling the force sensing module of the designed fused feedback controller, previous publications of the authors present a closed-form distributed-parameters based modeling framework for piezoresistive Nanomechanical Cantilever (NMC)-based force sensors used in a variety of cantilever-based nanomanipulation actions. Current modeling practices call for a simple lumped-parameters framework rather than modeling the piezoresistive NMC itself. Due to the widespread applications of such NMCs in nanoscale force sensing or non-contact atomic force microscopy with nano-Newton to pico-Newton force measurement requirements, precise modeling of the piezoresistive microcantilevers is essential. Instead of the previously used lumped-parameters modeling, a distributed-parameters modeling framework is proposed and developed in previous publications of the authors to arrive at the most complete model of the piezoresistive NMC including tip-mass, tip-force and base movement considerations. Here, experimental results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed distributed-parameters model when compared with the previously reported lumped-parameters modeling approach. It is shown that by utilizing the distributed-parameters model rather than lumped-parameters approach and by predicting the exact motion of each point on the NMC, the precision of the piezoresistive NMC’s model is significantly enhanced. Such novel modeling framework could pave the pathway towards nanomechanical cantilever-based manipulation and positioning as detailed in the second part.

Microcantilever-Based Force Tracking With Applications to High-Resolution Imaging and Nanomanipulation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Saeidpourazar ◽  
Nader Jalili
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
High Resolution Imaging ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Sensing Platforms ◽  
Force Tracking ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mass Spring

This paper presents the development and implementation of a robust nonlinear control framework for piezoresistive nanomechanical cantilever (NMC)-based force tracking with applications to high-resolution imaging and nanomanipulation. Among varieties of nanoscale force sensing platforms, NMC is an attractive approach to measure and apply forces at this scale when compared with other previously reported configurations utilizing complicated MEMS devices or inconvenient-to-handle nanowires and nanotubes. More specifically, a piezoresistive layer is utilized here to measure nanoscale forces at the NMC’s tip instead of bulky laser-based feedback which is commonly used in Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). In order to track a predefined force trajectory at the NMC’s tip, there is a need to model the piezoresistive NMC and design appropriate controller to move its base to provide the desired force. In previous publications of the authors, a new distributed-parameters modeling framework has been proposed to precisely predict the force acting on the microcantilever’s tip. In contrast to this approach and in an effort to ease the follow-up controller development, the NMC-based force sensor is modeled here as a lumped-parameters system. However, replacing the NMC with a linear mass-spring-damper trio, creates a variety of uncertainties and unmodeled dynamics that need to be addressed for a precise force sensor’s read-out. Moreover, the very slow response of NMC’s piezoresistive layer to force variations at the NMC’s tip, makes the tracking problem even more challenging. For this, a new controller is proposed to overcome these roadblocks. Using extensive numerical simulations and experimental results it is shown that utilizing the proposed controller instead of the commonly used PID controller can significantly enhance the controller’s stability and performance characteristics, and ultimately the imaging resolution and manipulation accuracy needed at this scale.

scholarly journals Probing cellular traction forces with magnetic nanowires and microfabricated force sensor arrays

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 075101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chia Lin ◽  
Corinne M Kramer ◽  
Christopher S Chen ◽  
Daniel H Reich
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Magnetic Nanowires ◽  
Traction Forces
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