From Passive to Active Pitch Regulation of Wind Turbines: Optimization Method With Numerical Validation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Abadi ◽  
YouJin Kim ◽  
Jin-young Park ◽  
Hyunjin Kang ◽  
Özgür Ertunc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Pitch Regulation ◽  
Blade Pitch Angle ◽  
Turbine Model

An optimization method that changes the control strategy of the Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) from passive- to active-pitch has been developed. The method aims to keep the rated power constant by adjusting the blade pitch angle while matching the rotor and the drive torques. The method is applied to an optimized wind turbine model. Further, numerical simulations were performed to validate the developed method and for further investigations of the flow behavior over the blades.

Design and Testing of a New Small Wind Turbine Blade

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyue Song ◽  
William David Lubitz
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Small Wind Turbine ◽  
High Winds ◽  
Design And Testing ◽  
Blade Pitch Angle

A small wind turbine blade was designed using blade element momentum (BEM) method for a three bladed, fixed pitch 1 kW horizontal axis wind turbine. The new blades were fabricated, fit to a Bergey XL 1.0 turbine, and tested using a vehicle-based platform at the original designed pitch angle, plus with 5 deg and 9 deg of additional pitch. The new blades had better aerodynamic performance than the original Bergey XL 1.0 blades at high speed, but in some cases at lower speeds the original blades performed better. The results demonstrated that selecting the blade pitch angle on a rotor is a tradeoff between starting performance and power output in high winds. The BEM simulations were evaluated against the test data and demonstrated that the BEM simulations predicted the rotor performance with reasonable accuracy.

Experimental analysis of the wake of a horizontal-axis wind-turbine model

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.E.M. Lignarolo ◽  
D. Ragni ◽  
C. Krishnaswami ◽  
Q. Chen ◽  
C.J. Simão Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Model

High Efficiency Wind Turbine Using Co-Flow Jet Active Flow Control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kewei Xu ◽  
Gecheng Zha
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Flow Separation ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Active Flow Control ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Negative Power ◽  
Freestream Velocity ◽  
Active Flow

Abstract This paper applies Co-flow Jet (CFJ) active flow control airfoil to a NREL horizontal axis wind turbine for power output improvement. CFJ is a zero-net-mass-flux active flow control method that dramatically increases airfoil lift coefficient and suppresses flow separation at a low energy expenditure. The 3D Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with one-equation Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model are solved to simulate the 3D flows of the wind turbines. The baseline wind turbine is the NREL 10.06m diameter phase VI wind turbine and is modified to a CFJ blade by implementing CFJ along the span. The baseline wind turbine performance is validated with the experiment at three wind speeds, 7m/s, 15m/s, and 25m/s. The predicted blade surface pressure distributions and power output agree well with the experimental measurements. The study indicates that the CFJ can enhance the power output at the condition where angle of attack is increased to the level that conventional wind turbine is stalled. At the speed of 7m/s that the NREL turbine is designed to achieve the optimum efficiency at the pitch angle of 3°, the CFJ turbine does not increase the power output. When the pitch angle is reduced by 13° to −10°, the baseline wind turbine is stalled and generates negative power output at 7m/s. But the CFJ wind turbine increases the power output by 12.3% assuming CFJ fan efficiency of 80% at the same wind speed. This is an effective method to extract more power from the wind at all speeds. It is particularly useful at low speeds to decrease cut-in speed and increase power output without exceeding the structure limit. At the freestream velocity of 15m/s and the CFJ momentum coefficient Cμ of 0.23, the net power output is increased by 207.7% assuming the CFJ fan efficiency of 80%, compared to the baseline wind turbine due to the removal of flow separation. The CFJ wind turbine appears to open a door to a new area of wind turbine efficiency improvement and adaptive control for optimal loading.

Design of Small Wind Turbine

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Amano ◽  
Ryan Malloy
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Bridge Circuit ◽  
Small Wind Turbine ◽  
Swash Plate ◽  
Wind Vane ◽  
Blade Pitch Angle

The project has been completed, and all of the aforementioned objectives have been achieved. An anemometer has been constructed to measure wind speed, and a wind vane has been built to sense wind direction. An LCD module has been acquired and has been programmed to display the wind speed and its direction. An H-Bridge circuit was used to drive a gear motor that rotated the nacelle toward the windward direction. Finally, the blade pitch angle was controlled by a swash plate mechanism and servo motors installed on the generator itself. A microcontroller has been programmed to optimally control the servo motors and gear motor based on input from the wind vane and anemometer sensors.

Near Wake Regime Study on Wind Turbine Blade Tip Vortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ojing Siram ◽  
Niranjan Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Strouhal Number ◽  
Vortex Shedding ◽  
Flow Condition ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Tip Vortex ◽  
Near Wake ◽  
Helical Vortex ◽  
Blade Tip ◽  
Blade Pitch Angle

Abstract In the present research article results on wind turbine blade tip vortex have been presented, the measurements have been done behind a model scale of horizontal axis wind turbine rotor. The rotor used for flow characterization is a three-bladed having NACA0012 cross-section, the study has been performed for low range tip speed ratio of 0–2 and wind speeds range of 3–6 m/s. The investigation has been conducted specifically to near wake regime, which is often expressed as the region of regular helical vortex structures. Although this nature of regular helical vortex pattern has always been a question of debate with respect to changes in the flow condition, rotor geometry and point of measurements. A systematic experiment was done mainly on the frequency of vortex shedding through hot-wire anemometry (HWA), and the corresponding frequency is express in terms of Strouhal number. Present article work within near wake regime includes tip vortex shedding stability analysis for different blade pitch angle and flow condition. From the systematic experimental observation, the evaluated data indicate that the Strouhal number has an incremental trend when the blade pitch angle is close to 40°, and above it inconsistency in frequency response is observed.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Maximum Power Point Tracking Control Method for Wind Turbines Considering Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangwen Qi ◽  
Liming Zheng ◽  
Xingzhi Bai ◽  
Qin Chen ◽  
Jiyao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Feed Forward ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Capture ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Aerodynamic Torque ◽  
Blade Pitch Angle

A combined strategy of torque error feed-forward control and blade-pitch angle servo control is proposed to improve the dynamic power capture for wind turbine maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Aerodynamic torque is estimated using the unscented Kalman filter (UKF). Wind speed and tip speed ratio (TSR) are estimated using the Newton–Raphson method. The error between the estimated aerodynamic torque and the steady optimal torque is used as the feed-forward signal to control the generator torque. The gain parameters in the feed-forward path are nonlinearly regulated by the estimated generator speed. The estimated TSR is used as the reference signal for the optimal blade-pitch angle regulation at non-optimal TSR working points, which can improve the wind power capture for a wider non-optimal TSR range. The Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures, and Turbulence (FAST) code is used to simulate the aerodynamics and mechanical aspects of wind turbines while MATLAB/SIMULINK is used to simulate the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) system. The example of a 5 MW wind turbine model reveals that the new method is able to improve the dynamic response of wind turbine MPPT and wind power capture.

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