A Study on Soot Formation and Oxidation of Ethanol / Diesel Blends Using the Two-Color Method

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Wakikawa ◽  
Nobuhide Tachibana ◽  
Zhili Chen ◽  
Mitsuharu Oguma
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
High Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Adiabatic Flame Temperature ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
In The Beginning

In this study, two dimensional distribution of flame temperature and soot concentration was measured with constant volume vessel by the two color method for diesel ethanol blends. As a result, because two factors of decreasing soot formation, which are low adiabatic flame temperature and high oxygen concentration, are synergistic in the beginning of combustion, soot formation is reduced remarkably. In the later stage of the combustion, the flame temperature does not fall, so two enhance effects of soot oxidation, which are early reversal timing and high oxygen concentration, are synergistic. Therefore, in case of diesel ethanol blends, soot formation is reduced by low adiabatic flame temperature and high oxygen concentration, and soot oxidation is enhanced by early reversal timing and high oxygen concentration. Even for an actual engine, soot emission will be decreased because soot formation is reduced and soot oxidation is enhanced.

CO2, NOx and SO2 emissions from the combustion of coal with high oxygen concentration gases

Fuel ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 79 (15) ◽  
pp. 1925-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Hu ◽  
S Naito ◽  
N Kobayashi ◽  
M Hasatani
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
High Oxygen Concentration ◽  
So2 Emissions

Oxygen–fauna relationships in the pitcher plant Sarracenia purpurea L. with reference to the chironomid Metriocnemus knabi Coq.

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 2018-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Cameron ◽  
G. L. Donald ◽  
C. G. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
Community Respiration ◽  
Sarracenia Purpurea ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
High Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Pitcher Plant ◽  
Metriocnemus Knabi ◽  
Plant Photosynthesis ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

The aquatic habitat contained within the leaf of the pitcher plant Sarracenia purpurea has a dissolved oxygen concentration consistently in excess of 77% saturation in spite of a high community respiration rate. The oxygen concentration is maintained primarily by diffusion through the wall of the sarcophagus and is not affected by plant photosynthesis. Because of the consistently high oxygen concentrations, the inquiline Metriocnemus knabi is not tolerant of lowered oxygen concentrations as it is adapted to a habitat with a consistently high oxygen concentration.

scholarly journals Deaths from Environmental Hypoxia and Raised Carbon Dioxide

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Milroy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
High Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Environmental Hypoxia ◽  
Postmortem Toxicology ◽  
Criminal Charges ◽  
Lake Nyos

This paper reviews deaths in which there is an environment that is low in oxygen and/or has elevated levels of carbon dioxide. These deaths present problems to autopsy pathologists, as the autopsy is typically negative and postmortem toxicology cannot be used to detect the effects of hypoxia and raised levels of carbon dioxide. Deaths from hypoxia and raised carbon dioxide may be encountered in work-and nonwork-related environments. Typically these are accidents, but suicides may be encountered and criminal charges may follow these events. Environments that have been associated with these events include mines, tunnels, sewers, and pits. Transportation incidents may also be associated with hypoxic events, particularly aircraft and submarines. When an atmosphere low in oxygen is entered, collapse can be rapid, or immediate if the environmental oxygen is below 6%. Environments rich in carbon dioxide can also cause death, even with a high oxygen concentration. Such environments may be encountered in industrial settings, but also occur in natural disasters such as the Lake Nyos disaster. The identification of these deaths typically requires a coordinated investigation with safety inspectors and other experts in industrial- and work-related deaths.

Combustion rates of pulverized coal particles in high-temperature/high-oxygen concentration atmosphere

1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Saito ◽  
M. Sadakata ◽  
M. Sato ◽  
T. Soutome ◽  
H. Murata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
High Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Coal Particles
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