First Core and Refueling Options for IRIS

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojan Petrovic ◽  
Mario D. Carelli ◽  
Ehud Greenspan ◽  
Miodrag Milosˇevic ◽  
Jasmina Vujic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Assembly Design ◽  
Electricity Production Cost ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Fuel Technology

The International Reactor Innovative and Secure (IRIS) is being developed by an international consortium of industry, laboratory, university and utility establishments, led by Westinghouse. The IRIS design addresses key requirements associated with advanced reactors, including improved safety, enhanced proliferation resistance, competitive electricity production cost, and improved waste management. IRIS is a modular, small/medium size (100 to 335 MWe) PWR with integral vessel configuration. Its design is based on proven LWR technology, so that no new technology development is needed and near term deployment is possible. At the same time, aim was to introduce improvements as compared to present PWRs. These opposing requirements resulted in an evolutionary approach to fuel and core design, balancing new features and the need to avoid extensive testing and demonstration programs. A path forward was devised by selecting the current fuel technology for the first IRIS core, but keeping future upgrades possible through the variable moderation fuel assembly design. This paper describes this approach and discusses core fueling options that enable achieving four-year and eight-year core lifetime.

Fuel cell based cogeneration: Comparison of electricity production cost for Swedish conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 3858-3864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suat Sevencan ◽  
Tingting Guan ◽  
Göran Lindbergh ◽  
Carina Lagergren ◽  
Per Alvfors ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Electricity Production Cost

scholarly journals Reviewing electricity production cost assessments

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 170-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Larsson ◽  
Dean Fantazzini ◽  
Simon Davidsson ◽  
Sven Kullander ◽  
Mikael Höök
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Electricity Production Cost

CO 2 Emission Abatement From Fossil Fuel Power Plants by Exhaust Gas Treatment

2002 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gambini ◽  
M. Vellini
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Chemical Absorption ◽  
Electricity Production Cost ◽  
Co2 Recovery

In this paper thermodynamical and economic analyses of fossil-fuel-fired power plants, equipped with systems for CO2 recovery, are presented. The investigation has been developed with reference to power plants representative both of consolidated technology (i.e., steam cycle and combined cycle power plants), and of emerging or innovative technology (integrated coal gasification combined cycle, IGCC, and advanced mixed cycle, AMC). There are two main methods to reduce CO2 from power plant flue gas: physical and chemical absorption. In this work chemical absorption and liquefaction of CO2 removed have been considered. With reference to thermodynamical and economic performance, significant comparisons have been made between the above introduced reference plants. An efficiency decrease and an increase in the cost of electricity has been obtained when power plants are equipped with CO2 removal systems and units for liquefaction of the removed carbon dioxide. The main results of the performed investigation are quite variable among the different power plants here considered: their efficiency decreases in a range of 6 percentage points to nearly 13, while the electricity production cost increases in a range of 25% until 72%. The AMC stands out among the other power plants here analyzed because, after CO2 recovery, it exhibits the lowest net work output decrease, the highest net efficiency and the lowest final specific CO2 emission. In addition to this, its economic impact is favorable when the AMC is equipped with systems for CO2 recovery. As a result it achieves a net electric efficiency of about 50% with a carbon dioxide emission of about 0.04 kg/kWh, and the electricity production cost rises to about 25% in comparison with an AMC without CO2 removal and liquefaction systems.

Fine MCP Decapsulation Technology Development

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianwei Zhou ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Taekoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Etching ◽  
Etch Rate ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Mechanical Polishing ◽  
Technology Process ◽  
Tetra Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Die Surface

Abstract Multi-Chip Package (MCP) decapsulation is now becoming a rising problem. Because for traditional decapsulation method, acid can’t dissolve the top silicon die to expose the bottom die surface in MCP. It makes inspecting the bottom die in MCP is difficult. In this paper, a new MCP decapsulation technology combining mechanical polishing with chemical etching is introduced. This new technology can remove the top die quickly without damaging the bottom die using KOH and Tetra-Methyl Ammonium Hydroxide (TMAH). The technology process and relative application are presented. The factors that affect the KOH and TMAH etch rate are studied. The usage difference between the two etchant is discussed.

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