Put a Coalatom in Your Tank: The Compelling Case for a Marriage of Coal and Nuclear Energy

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott R. Penfield ◽  
Charles O. Bolthrunis
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Domestic Security ◽  
Process Energy ◽  
Technical Basis ◽  
And Storage

Increasing costs and security concerns with present fossil energy sources, plus environmental concerns related to CO2 emissions and the emergence of new technologies in the energy and transportation sectors set the stage for a marriage of convenience between coal and nuclear energy. As the price of oil continues to increase and supply becomes increasingly constrained, coal offers a secure domestic alternative to foreign oil as a source of liquid fuels. However, conventional technologies for converting coal to liquid fuels produce large quantities of CO2 that must be released or sequestered. Advanced nuclear technologies, particularly the High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR), have the potential to produce hydrogen via water splitting; however, the transportation and storage of hydrogen are significant barriers to the “Holy Grail”, the Hydrogen Economy. In a coal/nuclear marriage, the hydrogen and oxygen provided by nuclear energy are joined with coal as a source of carbon to provide liquid fuels with negligible CO2 release from the process. In combination with emerging hybrid vehicles, fuels based on a coal/nuclear marriage promise stable prices, increased domestic security and a reduction in CO2 emissions without the need to completely replace our transportation fuels infrastructure. The intent of this paper is to outline the technical basis for the above points and to show that process energy applications of nuclear energy can provide the basis for answering some of the tougher questions related to energy and the environment.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Ironmaking and Development of a Novel Flash Technology

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Yong Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Furnace Process ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Process Energy ◽  
Iron Ore Concentrate

The issues of energy consumption and CO2 emissions of major ironmaking processes, including several new technologies, are assessed. These two issues are interconnected in that the production and use of fuels to generate energy add to the total amount of CO2 emissions and the efforts to sequester or convert CO2 require energy. The amounts of emissions and energy consumption in alternate ironmaking processes are compared with those for the blast furnace, currently the dominant ironmaking process. Although more than 90% of iron production is currently through the blast furnace, intense efforts are devoted to developing alternative technologies. Recent developments in alternate ironmaking processes, which are largely driven by the needs to decrease CO2 emissions and energy consumption, are discussed in this article. This discussion will include the description of the recently developed novel flash ironmaking technology. This technology bypasses the cokemaking and pelletization/sintering steps, which are pollution prone and energy intensive, by using iron ore concentrate. This transformational technology renders large energy saving and decreased CO2 emissions compared with the blast furnace process. Economic analysis indicated that this new technology, when operated using natural gas, would be economically feasible. As a related topic, we will also discuss different methods for computing process energy and total energy requirements in ironmaking.

Sustainable Transportation Fuels From Off-Peak Wind Energy, CO2, and Water

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Holte ◽  
Glenn N. Doty ◽  
David L. McCree ◽  
Judy M. Doty ◽  
F. David Doty
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Carbon Neutral

Doty Energy is developing advanced processes to permit the production of fully carbon-neutral gasoline, jet fuel, diesel, ethanol, and plastics from exhaust CO2 and off-peak clean energy (wind and nuclear) at prices that can compete with fossil-derived products. Converting CO2 into fuels will eliminate the need for CO2 sequestration, reduce global CO2 emissions by 40%, and provide a nearly insatiable market for off-peak wind. It has long been known that it is theoretically possible to convert CO2 and water into standard liquid hydrocarbon fuels at high efficiency. However, the early proposals for doing this conversion had efficiencies of only 25% to 35%. That is, the chemical energy in the liquid fuels produced (gasoline, ethanol, etc.) would be about the 30% of the input energy required. The combination of the eight major technical advances made over the past two years should permit this conversion to be done at up to 60% efficiency. Off-peak grid energy averaged only $16.4/MWhr in the Minnesota hub throughout all of 2009 (the cheapest 6 hours/day averaged only $7.1/MWh). At such prices, the synthesized standard liquid fuels (dubbed “WindFuels”) should compete even when petroleum is only $45/bbl. A more scalable alternative for transportation fuels is needed than biofuels. It is in our economic and security interests to produce transportation fuels domestically at the scale of hundreds of billions of gallons per year. WindFuels can scale to this level, and as they are fully carbon-neutral they will dramatically reduce global CO2 emissions at the same time. Switching 70% of global transportation fuels from petroleum to WindFuels should be possible over the next 30 years. WindFuels will insure extremely strong growth in wind energy for many decades by generating an enormous market for off-peak wind energy. WindFuels is based largely on the commercially proven technologies of wind energy, water electrolysis, and Fischer Tropsch (FT) chemistry. Off-peak low carbon energy is used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Some of the hydrogen is used to reduce CO2 into carbon monoxide (CO) and water via the Reverse Water Gas Shift (RWGS) reaction. The CO and the balance of the hydrogen are fed into an FT reactor similar to those used to produce fuels and chemicals from coal or natural gas. The processes have been simulated, and key experiments are being carried out to help optimize process conditions and validate the simulations.

scholarly journals Monitoramento das propriedades dos biodíeseis metílicos de soja puro, aditivado e comercial, sob condições de estocagem ao relento em recipientes de aço-carbono

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (38) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio Rodrigues De Melo ◽  
Giuseppe Cavalcanti De Vasconcelos ◽  
Williamas Da Silva Guimarães De Lima ◽  
Maria Andrea Mendes Formiga Melo ◽  
Ary Da Silva Maia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Acidity Index ◽  
Soybean Biodiesel ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Storage

<p>The Increasing global demand for liquid fuels, global warming, security and energy stability, political will for development in the fields of agriculture, social and energy as well as the search for additives that improve the stability and storage of them are points that show the need for the development of new technologies for the production of biodiesel from various agricultural crops spread throughout many countries. In this sense , the objective of this study was to investigate the pure biodiesel and biodiesel with the addition of antioxidants, evaluating the physical, chemical, fluid dynamics, water content and susceptibility to commercial biodiesel oxidation. Methyl soybean biodiesel was obtained in its commercial form (with the addition of antioxidant, BSA100 - TBHQ) and in its pure form (without the addition of antioxidant, BS100) and pure (with the addition of natural antioxidants, BSM50 - 50% biodiesel of pure soybean (50% pure bioda), BS100-13 and BS100- 14 - Syrah grape extract additive and Petit Verdot, respectively. Gas Chromatography identified the soybean methyl biodiesel, verifying the existence of 50.41%, referring to the methyl linolenate that sensibly influences its susceptibility in the oxidation process. Physical and chemical characterizations were performed, based on the following parameters: acidity index, specific mass and kinematic viscosity, showing values within the limit established by ANP Resolution no. 14/2012. With increasing storage time, there was a huge increase in the water content of biodiesel well above the limit (350 ppm). The additives caused an increase in the oxidation stability value. After 30 days of storage in carbon steel jars, soybean methyl biodiesel will no longer meet ANP regulations.</p>

Taxation, Innovation or Both? Market-Based Measures and the Adoption of New Technologies to Mitigate Airline CO2 Emissions in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Resende ◽  
Gustavo Santos ◽  
Mayara Murça ◽  
Thiago Caliari ◽  
Alessandro Vinícius Marques de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
New Technologies

scholarly journals Tetrathiafulvalene-based covalent organic frameworks for ultrahigh iodine capture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianrong Fang ◽  
Jianhong Chang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Xinyu Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Covalent Organic Frameworks ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
And Storage

To safeguard the development of nuclear energy, practical techniques for capture and storage of radioiodine are of critical importance but remains a significant challenge. Here we report the synergistic effect...

scholarly journals Rapid iodine capture from radioactive wastewater by green and low-cost biomass waste derived porous silicon–carbon composite

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 5268-5275
Author(s):  
Guiyang Qu ◽  
Ying Han ◽  
Junjun Qi ◽  
Xinyue Xing ◽  
Minjie Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Nuclear Waste Storage ◽  
Waste Storage ◽  
Silicon Carbon ◽  
Radioactive Wastewater ◽  
And Storage

The effective and safe capture and storage of radioactive iodine (129I or 131I) are of significant importance during nuclear waste storage and nuclear energy generation.

scholarly journals Comparative Environmental, Economic, and Jobs Impacts in the USA of Renewable Energy Compared to Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Roger H Bezdek ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Coal Power ◽  
And Storage

This paper assesses the relative economic and jobs benefits of retrofitting an 847 MW USA coal power plant with carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology compared to replacing the plant with renewable (RE) energy and battery storage. The research had two major objectives: 1) Estimate the relative environmental, economic, and jobs impacts of CCUS retrofit of the coal plant compared to its replacement by the RE scenario; 2) develop metrics that can be used to compare the jobs impacts of coal fueled power plants to those of renewable energy. The hypotheses tested are: 1) The RE option will reduce CO2 emissions more than the CCUS option. We reject this hypothesis: We found that the CCUS option will reduce CO2 emissions more than the RE option. 2) The RE option will generate greater economic benefits than the CCUS option. We reject this hypothesis: We found that the CCUS option will create greater economic and jobs benefits than the RE option. 3) The RE option will create more jobs per MW than the CCUS option. We reject this hypothesis: We found that the CCUS option will create more jobs per MW more than the RE option. We discuss the implications of these findings.

scholarly journals Digital archiving project of paper maps collected for the International Map Exhibition 1980 in Tokyo

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Hideki Kaji ◽  
Ken’Ichi Tsuruoka ◽  
Ruochen Si ◽  
Min Lu ◽  
Masatoshi Arikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Digital Archive ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
Digital Archiving ◽  
Spatial Information Science ◽  
The University ◽  
And Storage

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Kashiwa Library (KL), The University of Tokyo, holds a collection of old paper maps over the world, about a half of which were originally collected for the International Map Exhibition 1980 in Tokyo. The collection has 3,200 maps published in the 1970s and 1980s, and 1,260 of them were displayed at the exhibition. The map collection is important because it represents the cartography at the emerging era of new technologies and techniques such as satellite remote sensing, computers and GIS for map production (Arikawa et al., 2016). These maps were donated from the Japan Cartographers Association in March 2016, after their collection and storage by the association since the exhibition. In the Japanese fiscal year 2017, the Center for Spatial Information Science (CSIS), The University of Tokyo, and KL started a cooperative research project to produce a digital archive of this map collection, with support from the University of Tokyo Academic Archives Project that facilitates digital archiving of academic materials owned by various units at the university. This presentation explains the procedure of making our digital archive “Kashiwanoha Paper Maps Digital Archive”. “Kashiwanoha” is the address of the Kashiwa Campus of The University of Tokyo where KL and CSIS are located, and it literally means “oak leaf”.</p>

Life Cycle Energy Assessment of a Typical Marble Processing Plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
Bhargav Prajwal ◽  
Harlal S. Mali ◽  
Ravindra Nagar
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Educational Software ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Productivity Cost ◽  
Environmental Indices ◽  
Low Efficiency

This article describes how marble is one of the most important stone resources in terms of durability. It is aesthetically pleasing, and a decorative material used by many architects, as well as plays an important role in the economy of India. Most of the marble processing activities are performed by small and medium scale industries (SMEs) not only in India but worldwide. These industries have low efficiency and productivity due to lack of new technologies, high productivity cost and a lack of proper sustainable waste management systems, thereby increasing the waste generated during the processing stage. There is a significant need within the sector for increasing production efficiency, combined with the need of a substantial reduction in waste generated that can be achieved by endorsing technological innovations. This is in addition to following best available processing practices, incorporating energy saving technologies and modernizing the sectors management and organization structure which will substantially increase efficiency as well as production. This article provides a systematic approach for assessing the current energy and present environment status of a typical SME processing units of Rajasthan area, and proposes measures for meeting cleaner production principles. An evaluation methodology was developed considering the realistic plant operation scenarios. The total energy inputs for processing the products with their appropriate environmental indices like CO2 emissions were calculated. Alternatively, the CO2 emissions were also calculated by Gabi educational software for different industries and the best way of reducing the energy consumption is suggested by following alternate source of energy.

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