The Comparison Between the Theoretical Section Line and the Actual Section Line of the Vane Wheel by the 5-Axis NC Machining

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liuhu Ran ◽  
Lou Yi ◽  
Quanhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Contact Line ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
Section Line ◽  
Sculptured Surface Machining ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Normal Vectors

An accurate method to calculate the section line of the complicated surface after numerical controlled machining is presented in this paper. The method to calculate the tooth surface of the conjugate gearing is applied into the field of sculptured surface machining. It is the most precise method to determine the remaining scopes on the surface. The calculated remaining scopes are exact the same as that in practical cutting. The concept of contact is applied into the machining of the complex surface. If the contact line along the straight line of cutter, the contact line should along the asymptotic direction of the surface being machined. For the undeveloped ruled surface, the directions of the normal vectors are different, while the directions of the normal vectors on the straight line of cylinder are the same, so that there may be some over cutting on the surface. With the theory of this paper, the best cutter postural can be determined when the contact line not along the straight line of the cutter. And further more, with the concept of third order contact, both the best cutter postural and contact direction can be determined at same time.

The NC Side Milling of the Ruled Surface of Impeller Leaf with Cylindrical Cutter

2010 ◽  
Vol 37-38 ◽  
pp. 1516-1519
Author(s):  
Hu Ran Liu ◽  
Yi Lou ◽  
Can Wang ◽  
Quan Hong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Contact Line ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Ruled Surface ◽  
Asymptotic Direction ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Side Milling ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Normal Vectors ◽  
Order Contact

The concept of contact is applied into the machining of the complex surface. If the contact line is along the straight line of cutter, the contact line should be along the asymptotic direction of the surface being machined. For the undeveloped ruled surface, the directions of the normal vectors are different, while the directions of the normal vectors on the straight line of cylinder are the same, so that there may be some over cutting on the surface. With the theory of this paper, the best cutter postural can be determined when the contact line is not along the straight line of the cutter. And further more, with the concept of third order contact, both the best cutter postural and contact direction can be determined at same time. This paper showed how to use this method for the machining of impeller leaf.

The 5-Coordinate Simultaneous NC Machining of the Vane Wheel Leaf With Cylindrical Cutter

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liuhu Ran ◽  
Lou Yi ◽  
Quanhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Contact Line ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Nc Machining ◽  
Ruled Surface ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Asymptotic Direction ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Normal Vectors ◽  
Order Contact

The concept of contact is applied into the machining of the complex surface. If the contact line along the straight line of cutter, the contact line should along the asymptotic direction of the surface being machined. For the undeveloped ruled surface, the directions of the normal vectors are different, while the directions of the normal vectors on the straight line of cylinder are the same, so that there may be some over cutting on the surface. With the theory of this paper, the best cutter postural can be determined when the contact line not along the straight line of the cutter. And further more, with the concept of third order contact, both the best cutter postural and contact direction can be determined at same time. This paper showed how to use this method for the machining of impeller leaf. This project is supposed by the natural scientific foundation of Zhejiang province, China, No. Y106047 and Y1080093.3.

Duplex Spread Blade Method for Cutting Hypoid Gears with Modified Tooth Surface

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kawasaki ◽  
H. Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Large Radius ◽  
Ring Gear ◽  
Circular Arc ◽  
Hypoid Gears ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Straight Line

In this paper, a duplex spread blade method for cutting hypoid gears with modified tooth surface is proposed. The duplex spread blade method provides a rapid and economical manufacturing method because both the ring gear and pinion are cut by a spread blade method. In the proposed method, the nongenerated ring gear is manufactured with cutting edge that is altered from the usual straight line to a circular arc with a large radius of curvature and the circular arc cutting edge produces a modified tooth surface. The pinion is generated by a cutter with straight cutting edges as usual. The main procedure of this method is the determination of the cutter specifications and machine settings. The proposed method was validated by gear manufacture.

Computation of Parameters of a Form Grinding Wheel for Grinding of Shaving Cutter for Plunge Shaving of Topologically Modified Involute Pinion

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 819-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Radzevich
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Error ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
Form Grinding ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Light Trucks ◽  
Part Surface

The paper is targeting on the finishing of precision gears for low-noise/noiseless transmission for cars and light trucks. Transmission error is the predominant cause of gear noise. The application of a topologically modified pinion results in reduction of transmission error up to two times. The required modification of the pinion tooth surface is provided on a plunge shaving operation with application of a shaving cutter of an appropriate design. A novel approach for computation of parameters of a form grinding wheel for grinding of the shaving cutter for plunge shaving of a precision involute pinion with topologically modified tooth surface is reported in the paper. The developed approach for computation of parameters of the form grinding wheel is focused on application of the shaving cutter grinder with a lack of CNC articulation. The problem under consideration is solved using the DG/K-based approach of part surface machining earlier developed by the author. (The DG/K-approach is based on fundamental results obtained in differential geometry of surfaces, and in kinematics of multi-parametric motion of a rigid body in E3 space (See Radzevich, S.P., Sculptured Surface Machining on Multi-Axis CNC Machine. Monograph, 1991, Vishcha Shkola Publishers, Kiev (in Russian). See also Radzevich, S.P., 2001, Fundamentals of Surface Machining. Monograph, Rastan, Kiev (in Russian).) An analytical solution to the problem is discussed in the paper. The solution has been used for developing software for the Mitsubishi ZA30CNC shaving cutter grinder for the needs of the automotive industry. Computer simulation reveals high accuracy of the ground shaving cutter.

Automatic Planning for 5-Axis Sculptured Surface Machining

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Shin Lee ◽  
Tien-Chien Chang
Keyword(s):  
Sculptured Surface ◽  
Sculptured Surfaces ◽  
Design Modification ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
Sculptured Surface Machining ◽  
Cutter Path ◽  
Automatic Planning ◽  
Five Axis ◽  
Five Axes ◽  
Complete Operation

Abstract In modern product design, sculptured surfaces are commonly used for functional and artistic shape design. Design of sculptured surfaces is evolutionary, consisting primarily of incremental changes to existing part surfaces. Manual operation planning for sculptured surface machining is known to be error-prone and inefficient, which requires considerable checking, verification, and rework. Five-axis machining has higher productivity and better machining quality than 3-axis machining. However, the programming for 5-axis machining is more difficult due to the complex simultaneous cutter movements along the machine’s five axes. This paper presents a systematic methodology to generate operation plans for 5-axis sculptured surface machining. A complete operation plan and the error-free cutter path can be automatically generated from the CAD part design. To achieve design for manufacturing of sculptured surface products, the machining unfeasibility information can be fed back to the designer for further design modification. Results of computer implementation and testing examples are also presented.

Visual Processing of the River Cross-Sectional Data

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 2726-2730
Author(s):  
Qi Qing Duan ◽  
Rui Hai Wu
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Measurement Process ◽  
Cross Section Data ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Section Line ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
The Cross

The cross-section of Hydraulic engineering (river, embankment) is a kind of cross section which is always perpendicular to the river direction. Section line is a straight line which is created by connecting two endpoint of the section. Cross-section measurements is that collecting a coordinate point (X, Y, H) on the section line every a certain distance. Field measurement, due to the influence of the external environment, especially when measured in the river, is difficult to ensure that the location of the measurement point exactly on the straight line shown in the section. The reason is that tracking ship traveling along with the section will be impacted by the water, resulting in the offset along the flow direction. Therefore we must to constantly adjust the direction of travel in the measurement process. For which the measurement data should be processed. So it is necessary to deal with the measurement data, and the idea of visual data was proposed in the paper, which is easier to analyze the accuracy of the measurement data. The BUFFER analysis method was used in the data processing, which effectively removed measurement invalid point that far away from the cross-section in measurement and improved the accuracy of the cross-section data processing. On the other hand, the effective pedal point coordinates was used in the calculation of the plane location of cross-section point. The coordinate which can make the cross-section data more realistic and different from the translation of point and uniform distribution algorithm closeted to the effective point of measurement. The method that the elevation of pedal point on the cross section calculated using the distance weighted interpolation method has been applied in the measurement process of several rivers. It is proved in practice that the method got good results and achieved the accuracy of the data and quality which the application sector requirements on.

Interactive and Collaborative Virus-Evolutionary CNC Machining Optimization Environment

2015 ◽  
pp. 110-141
Author(s):  
N. A. Fountas ◽  
N. M. Vaxevanidis ◽  
C. I. Stergiou ◽  
R. Benhadj-Djilali
Keyword(s):  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Sculptured Surfaces ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Sculptured Surface Machining ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Manufacturing Software ◽  
Machining Strategies ◽  
Machining Optimization

Research on the area of sculptured surface machining optimization is currently directed towards the implementation of artificial intelligence techniques. This chapter aims at presenting a novel approach of optimizing machining strategies applied to manufacture complex part geometries. Towards this direction a new genetic-evolutionary algorithm based on the virus theory of evolution is developed as a hosted module to a commercial and widely known CAM system. The new genetic algorithm automatically evaluates pairs of candidate solutions among machining parameters for roughing and finishing operations so as to optimize their values for obtaining optimum machining programs for sculptured parts in terms of productivity and quality. This is achieved by introducing new directions of manipulating manufacturing software tools through programming and customization. The environment was tested for its efficiency and has been proven capable of providing applicable results for the machining of sculptured surfaces.

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