Agenda 2030 in Brazil

The health crisis at COVID-19 resulted in damage to human life and inevitable economic consequences, requiring immediate responses from governments. In this context, this work carried out an analysis on the Federal Development Strategy of Brazil, 2020 – 2031 in light of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Exploratory methodology was used and descriptive research was used to analyze and interpret the facts, in order to develop concepts and ideas needed to formulate new approaches on the same topic. Thus, an examination was carried out on the actions of economic recovery, according to the Federal Decree, which listed five axes to increase the income and quality of life of the Brazilian population, aiming at sustained economic growth and job creation. This work was complemented with the exploration of the results presented in the V Light Report of Civil Society Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development Brazil, which studied the fulfillment of the goals of Agenda 2030 in Brazil, by the Federal Government. The results achieved showed that the economic growth in the country, today and for the next few years, lacks a national articulation with clear guidelines and defined scopes, whose achievement of the goals established by the UN-SDGs will take place without stagnation and setbacks. The contribution of this study is the urgent need to look at the 2030 Agenda, to ensure social inclusion and sustainable development in Brazil.

Polska sieć komunikacyjna i jej główne osie

An inalienable property of the linguistic reality is the multi-language nature of the world and the multi-variation character of the ethnic-national communication space. As regards Polish pace, one can distinguish a series of axes around which the processes of long lasting concentrate. The author discusses the following five axes: (1) idiolectal (individual languages), (2) one determined by the dichotomy: spoken language – written language (contemporarily it assumes the form: spoken language – media language – written language), (3) one connected with the opposition: dialects – literary language (today in the form: dialects – mixed languages – general language), (4) functional variations (their ‘canonical’ series: colloquial language – scientific language – journalistic language – language of the administration – religious language – artistic language), and (5) one of three styles (high – medium – low).

Factors Affecting Fencers’ Variance in Level Using All Swords

The research aimed at identifying factors affecting the level of fencers in the three known weapons as well as identifying the order of these factors according to the percentage of each factor. The researchers used the descriptive method on (60) fencers who represent the three weapons based on a questionnaire made of five axes and six questions for each axe. The results of the questionnaire showed that central federation duties comes first, technical issues comes next, financial aspects third, external factors forth, and social factors comes last. The data was collected and treated using proper statistical operations to come up with the conclusions and recommendations.

Brazilian network of COVID-19 during pregnancy (REBRACO: a multicentre study protocol)

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and postpartum in 16 maternity hospitals.Methods and analysisA prospective multicentre study, with five axes. First, the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among women admitted for childbirth will be described in a cross-sectional study. Second, maternal and perinatal outcomes will be assessed in a prospective cohort study including pregnant or postpartum women with suspected COVID-19. Third, a cohort of positive COVID-19 cases with sampling of a variety of biological material. Histopathological and viral analysis of biological maternal and neonatal samples will be performed, and the assessment of nutritional variables to evaluate the association between vitamin D and severity of infection. Fourth, a monitoring and evaluation committee to collect relevant healthcare information and plan actions in centres facing the pandemic. Furthermore, qualitative studies will be performed to study pregnant women, their families and health professionals. Fifth, an ecological study will monitor the number of live births, stillbirths and other outcomes to explore any trend among the periods before, during and after the pandemic. Data will systematically be collected in an electronic platform following standardised operational procedures. For quantitative study components, an appropriate statistical approach will be used for each analysis. For qualitative data, in-depth interviews recorded in audio will be transcribed, checking the text obtained with the recording. Subsequently, thematic analysis with the aid of the NVivo programme will be performed.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained (letters of approval numbers 4.047.168, 4.179.679 and 4.083.988). All women will be fully informed to sign the consent form before enrolment in the study. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences.

Degree of awareness of teachers of chemistry and physics for the preparatory stage of the requirements of sustainable education

The objective of the current research is to identify the degree of awareness of the teachers of physics and chemistry for the preparatory stage with the requirements of sustainable development. The sample consisted of (49) including (29 ) teachers and ( 20) randomly selected schools and (97) teachers and schools of physics, including (64) teachers (33) schools The researchers also committed themselves to preparing a tool for their research consisting of two cognitive and practical aspects, five axes for each side and (71) sub-paragraphs representing a triangular scale in the form of paragraphs to be answered by teachers and teachers with options that represent the degree Practice, and who has experience (6) years The results showed that the degree of awareness of the teachers and teachers of physics and chemistry was moderately aware of both the cognitive aspect and the practical aspect of sustainable education and with a mean (2.01) And (1,99) respectively, while the awareness of the sub-axes of the knowledge and applied sides between the low and medium, except the axis of visions and concept of sustainable education of the cognitive side was high awareness and the research presented a set of recommendations and proposals.

Community police role in maintaining security and supporting police institutions in the suburbs of Jerusalem Governorate: واقع الشرطة المجتمعية في حفظ الأمن كمساند للمؤسسة الشرطية في ضواحي محافظة القدس

This study aims at examining the community police role in maintaining security in the suburbs of Jerusalem governorate. The study, used a descriptive exploratory approach. A questionnaire was designed and distributed to the study sample of (52) employees working in government institutions in the suburbs of Jerusalem, after verifying its validity and stability. its final form consisted of (37) paragraphs distributed over five axes. The study’s most important results were: The police community ability to promote faith and loyalty got the highest arithmetic averages of (73.3), followed by their ability to maintain peace in community which got an arithmetic averages of (72.1). Finally their success factors got an arithmetic averages of (71.2). The study recommended the following: Establishing mobile offices for the community police. The inclusion of crime prevention in the education curriculum, that should be taught by police officers. Creation of Civil Peace units in the Palestinian governorates, and to headed by graduates of law or Social Science.

RECLAMO: Unlocking the potential of wastewater reuse for agricultural irrigation in Spain

Increasing water scarcity is encouraging the use of unconventional water resources. In recent years, the European Union has launched numerous initiatives to promote and facilitate water reuse for agricultural irrigation. Today, the use of reclaimed water for agriculture has become an alternative, reliable and safe source of water supply and an indispensable water planning tool, especially in the area of southern Europe. However, water reuse for irrigation is currently far below its potential. Numerous barriers prevent its development and call for a detailed analysis of the different aspects affecting reclaimed water reuse, through an integrated and multidisciplinary approach. A multidisciplinary research team from Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, consisting of agronomists, hydrologists, chemists and agricultural economists, will work on the RECLAMO Project (https://blogs.upm.es/reclamo/), with the aim of providing solutions and recommendations aimed at promoting the full development and use of reclaimed water for irrigation in areas of Spain with marked water stress. For this purpose, project activities will be developed in two selected case studies (the Segura Basin, leader in water reuse in Spain and the Guadiana Basin, with success stories, but low levels of water reuse) and organised according to five axes: 1) development of a comprehensive knowledge-base covering the regulatory, technical, socio-economic and environmental aspects of reclaimed water reuse in agriculture; 2) participatory development of future scenarios exploring possible strategies, barriers and opportunities, in relation to the expansion of the use of reclaimed water for irrigation; 3) impact analysis of the strategies identified at different scales (crop, farm, (sub-)basin), through the development of an integrated modelling platform (hydrologic-agronomic-economic models); 4) Development of a roadmap and policy recommendations to achieve the full development and use of reclaimed water reuse for irrigation; 5) Dissemination of knowledge and promotion of science-policy-society dialogue. To this end, RECLAMO will collaborate closely with experts and stakeholder groups that will play a key role in the project in co-creating the scenarios and modelling tools and validating the results. The project will also seek for synergies and complementarities with other similar projects and explore new ways of collaborating with companies and research groups that allow research to continue and expand beyond the spatial and temporal limits of the project. RECLAMO’s results will promote an integrated approach to the sustainable management of water resources in water-stressed areas, including reclaimed water management. The integrated modelling platform developed in the project will allow policy-makers and water users to benefit from an improved understanding of the interactions between the social, economic and environmental aspects of water systems, in the context of climate and socio-economic change that will lead to better informed decision-making to address future water challenges. In addition, RECLAMO is expected to contribute to raising awareness about the use of reclaimed water reuse in agriculture as a safe and sustainable practice and to improve its social acceptance by producing science-based knowledge that provide evidence on the benefits derived from its use.

Infrastructural Violence: Five Axes of Inequities in Water Supply in Delhi, India

Inequity is deeply embedded in the supply of drinking water in Delhi, India. Using the concept of infrastructural violence, this paper exposes how past and present governance of water has resulted in unequal distribution of supply across the city to exclude vulnerable communities from accessing drinking water. This perspective broadens the gaze away from a narrow gaze on the technical and structural aspects of infrastructure to encompass the socio-political dimensions. This paper starts by outlining the history of the water supply in Delhi. We then outline five axes of exclusion which can be read as infrastructural violence and explores how aspects of water policy, legislation, and planning uphold these injustices. Our discussion centers on how economics, political ideology, and power infiltrate governing mechanisms to influence water infrastructure to entrench poverty and marginalization. Attempts to improve water security for Delhi's residents face minimal impact without addressing these embedded inequities. Therefore, our analysis offers a framework to systematically create awareness of the factors to be addressed to enable a more equitable governance of water supply.

Indicators of Construct Validity and Reliability of a Scale of Quality of E- learning in Saudi universities – A Psychometric Study - Case of Tabuk University –: دلالات الصدق والثبات لمقياس جودة التعلم الإلكتروني في الجامعات السعودية – دراسة سيكومترية - جامعة تبوك أنموذجاً –

This study aimed to verify the construct validity and reliability of a scale of assessment quality of learning in Saudi universities, a study on a sample of Tabuk University students. To achieve this goal, the descriptive and analytical approach was used where a questionnaire was developed consisting of (32) statements distributed in five axes: content, technology and support, user interface, evaluation tools and methods, and safety. The questionnaire was applied electronically to a random stratified sample of (275) students, and was classified according to specialization and gender. The students’ responses were used to answer the study questions related to examining the scaling properties, analyzing the descriptive statistics of assessment practices and comparing the mean values according to nominal variables by using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis and two- way ANOVA. The study provided indices of the reliability and validity of the scale. The results indicated that the quality of e- learning was average according to Likert's five- point grading used in the scale, as most of the averages for expressions were statistically higher than the hypothetical mean of grading, and there were no statistically significant differences in the arithmetic averages of the sample estimates due to specialization and gender. Some recommendations were given at the end of the study, such as: using the proposed scale in diagnosing the reality of e- learning in Saudi universities, in order to improve and develop this type of learning, which we need, especially in light of the Corona pandemic.

Needed Skills of Teaching Writing Expression in Upper Grades at Primary School: مهارات تدريس التعبير الكتابي اللازمة في الصفوف العليا بالمرحلة الابتدائية

This study aimed to identify the skills of teaching written expression to primary school students. The study relied on the descriptive approach. The study population was among the faculty members who specialize in curricula and teaching Arabic in Saudi universities. The two researchers chose a sample of Arabic language books for the upper grades of the elementary stage, and the researchers prepared a list that included the skills of teaching written expression in the upper grades of the elementary stage, and the research reached identifying the appropriate writing skills teaching in the upper grades of the elementary stage, which consisted of (44) items distributed among Five axes, where the first axis included the skills for teaching content consisting of (11) paragraphs, and the second axis included the skills of teaching the form consisting of (8) paragraphs, and the third axis included the skills of teaching the meaning of (10) paragraphs, and the fourth axis included The skills of teaching discipline consisting of (6) paragraphs, and the fifth axis included the skills of teaching written expression and its relevance to other branches of the Arabic language consisting of (9) paragraphs. It also recommended working towards achieving the skills of teaching written expression for primary school students.