A New Energy Storage Substation for the Portland to Milwaukie Light Rail Extension

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinh D. Pham ◽  
Kai Looijenga ◽  
Gene Wallis ◽  
Xavier Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Super Capacitor ◽  
Clackamas County

The $1.4 billion Portland-Milwaukie Light Rail (PMLR) Extension Project includes a light rail alignment that travels 7.3 miles, connecting Portland State University in downtown Portland, inner Southeast Portland, Milwaukie and North Clackamas County. Revenue service on the alignment is scheduled to begin in September 2015. An energy storage substation (ESS) with super-capacitor technology manufactured by Siemens is being installed in place of a utility-connected substation at the Tacoma substation location to capture the energy generated by braking light rail vehicles and store it in energy savings mode, feeding it back to the traction power supply during vehicle acceleration. In voltage stabilization mode, the ESS will enable the rail system to maintain voltage system stability by ensuring the system voltage to remain within the required voltage ranges and prevent system disruptions due to low system voltage conditions. This paper will discuss the features of the 677KW 2.5KWH Tacoma ESS including super-capacitor based energy storage system technology, ESS equipment arrangement, protection and controls. Economic benefits of cost savings in energy (KWH) consumption and power demand (KW) charges will also be discussed. Field accepting test plans and test procedures will also be presented.

TriMet MAX Energy Storage Substation: Updates on Commissioning, Optimization and Operating Experience

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinh D. Pham ◽  
Kai Looijenga ◽  
Gene Wallis ◽  
Thomas Heilig ◽  
Xavier Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Super Capacitor ◽  
Voltage Stabilization ◽  
Rail Vehicles ◽  
Traction Power Supply

This paper provides an update to the 2015 paper titled “A New Energy Storage Substation for the Portland to Milwaukie Light Rail (PMLR) Extension” [4] presented at the 2015 JRC in San Jose. The energy storage substation (ESS) with super-capacitor technology manufactured by Siemens was installed in place of a utility-connected substation at the Tacoma substation location to capture the energy generated by braking light rail vehicles and store it in the ESS energy savings mode and feed it back to the traction power supply during vehicle acceleration. In voltage stabilization mode, the ESS will enable the rail system to maintain voltage system stability by ensuring the system voltage to remain within the required voltage ranges and prevent system disruptions due to low system voltage conditions. In the Fall 2015, the Tacoma ESS went into service as part of the PMLR Orange Line light rail extension. This paper presents the design concepts for the unit, briefly discusses installation and testing, and focuses on the optimization process, operating experience, energy savings and reliability. TriMet operates a fleet of 145 light rail vehicles on its 60 mile network. Approximately 75% of the energy regenerated during braking is captured and re-used, saving an estimated $1.8 M annually in energy cost. The Tacoma ESS capacity is approximately 2.5 kWh. The unit normally operates in energy savings mode, maximizing recovery and re-use of braking energy while the secondary voltage stabilization mode is available to maintain system operation during outage conditions. After more than two years of revenue service operation, detailed operating data is presented and analyzed, including reliability information and actual energy and cost savings.

STATCOM with Battery and Super Capacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Enhancement of Voltage Stability

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanneeru Renuka ◽  
Gattu Kesavarao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power System ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Super Capacitor ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage System

<p>To maintain voltage stability of a power system STATCOM is better solution which can provide the required amount of reactive power under various disturbances. In previous work, STATCOM with various energy storage elements was discussed for voltage and power system stability. Apart from these previous works, this work proposes a new structure of hybrid energy storage system (HESS) for voltage stability by using battery and super capacitor. A new model of STATCOM with hybrid energy storage system is designed by using two bidirectional DC-DC converters and results are analyzed for conventional STATCOM and STATCOM with hybrid energy storage system. Results are also analyzed for STATCOM system with out any energy storage system, STATCOM with battery, STATCOM with super capacitor and STATCOM with HESS under sudden load changes by using MATLAB/Simulink.</p>

Research on Control Method of Hybrid Energy Storage System in Field of Distributed Generation

2014 ◽  
Vol 529 ◽  
pp. 519-523
Author(s):  
Zhong Ce Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Super Capacitor

Super capacitor and batteries are designed based on the power converter. A control strategy of single zero-pole with variable gain is proposed in order to eliminate the affect of changes of super capacitor voltage on the system. It controls the discharge current of battery directly to let the current constant. Through the analysis the bode diagram of Open-loop system, stability and dynamic performance of the control system was demonstrate. Simulation result shows that the parallel control system can effectively optimize the battery discharge process and achieve complementary of the advantages two energy storage components.

Control Strategy of Wind Photovoltaic and Energy Storage System Stability Running

2013 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 547-550
Author(s):  
Ji Hong Zhang ◽  
Zhen Kui Wu ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Han Shan Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Mathematics Model ◽  
Generation Efficiency ◽  
Micro Grid

Micro grid may exert adequately distributed generation efficiency, and that wind Photovoltaic and Energy Storage is a key equipment in the micro grid. Aiming at the distributed generation existing intermittence and randomicity characteristic, the paper discussed the micro grid P/Q control method under the connection grid state and the micro grid U/F control method under the disconnection grid state. It also studied the distributed generation parameters variational law under the micro grid different run mode, and built the correlative mathematics model and tested by simulation. The results show: the control strategy ensured the mice grid running stably, and achieved the system anticipative design request, and offered theory foundation for the distributed generation extend application.

scholarly journals Performance Improvement of a Household Refrigerator using Phase Change Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 032-041
Author(s):  
Pradeep N ◽  
Somesh Subramanian S
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Latent Heat Storage ◽  
Peak Loads ◽  
Change Material

Thermal energy storage through phase change material has been used for wide applications in the field of air conditioning and refrigeration. The specific use of this thermal storage has been for energy storage during low demand and release of this energy during peak loads with potential to provide energy savings due to this. The principle of latent heat storage using phase change materials (PCMs) can be incorporated into a thermal storage system suitable for using deep freezers. The evaporator is covered with another box which has storage capacity or passage through phase change material. The results revealed that the performance is increased from 3.2 to 3.5 by using PCM.

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