Hemodynamic Investigation of Normal Developing Aortic Arch in the Chick Embryo

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajuan Wang ◽  
Onur Dur ◽  
Michael J. Patrick ◽  
Joseph P. Tinney ◽  
Kimimasa Tobita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Cardiac Development ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Aortic Arches

Governed by genetic and epigenetic feedback [1], during embryonic cardiac development, the anatomy of aortic arches demonstrates drastic three dimensional (3D) changes that interact with the function of cardiovascular system. Six major pairs of aortic arches appear at different embryonic periods and eventually form the two brachiocephalic arteries (left and right third), an aortic arch (left fourth) and pulmonary arteries and ductus arteriosus (left and right sixth) [2–4], Fig 1. Flow-driven hemodynamic loading plays a major role in this dynamic process. Morphological studies on the embryonic aortic arches began over 100 years ago while the recent remarkable developments include understanding genetic determinants such as the effects of neural crest cells [5,6]. However the relationship between hemodynamic factors and the dynamic 3D geometry changes is still limited requiring an interdisciplinary research effort [7,8].

Stent implantation to ductus arteriosus in a patient with interrupted aortic arch guided by CT image overlay

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1229-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Goreczny ◽  
Pawel Dryzek ◽  
Tomasz Moszura
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Interrupted Aortic Arch ◽  
Ct Image ◽  
Type B ◽  
Bilateral Pulmonary Artery Banding ◽  
Image Overlay

AbstractA 15-day-old premature patient with ventricular septal defect and interrupted aortic arch type B underwent “hybrid” initial treatment consisting of bilateral pulmonary artery banding followed by stenting of the ductus arteriosus. A pre-registered CT scan was re-purposed with a new three-dimensional image fusion software (VesselNavigator) to create a roadmap for stent delivery.

scholarly journals P720 Antenatal and postnatal echocardiographic diagnosis of Truncus Arteriosus III (TAIII) complicated by spontaneous PDA (patent ductus arteriosus) closure and LPA (left pulmonary artery) disconnection

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Alabdulkarim ◽  
A T I F Asahari ◽  
A M Alotay ◽  
SHERIF Thabet ◽  
TURKI Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Fetal Echocardiography ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Truncus Arteriosus ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Ductal Closure

Abstract Introduction TA III is a rare form of truncus arteriosus when the branch pulmonary arteries originate independently from the common arterial trunk or aortic arch, with origin of one pulmonary artery from the underside of the aortic arch from a ductus arteriosus. Accurate diagnosis and timing of surgery is essential for survival of neonates affected. Purpose Illustration of various imaging modalities utilized to diagnose and manage this lesion and the importance of spontaneous PDA closure. Results TAIII diagnosed at 24 weeks gestation by fetal echocardiography images 1,2,3. Baby was spontaneously delivered at term with 3 Kg weight and 8,9 Apgar score. Diagnosis was confirmed by transthoracic echocardiography images 4,5 , however on 7th day of life routine echocardiogram was performed to assess PDA , markedly decreased flow noted in LPA/left pulmonary veins and no PDA could be seen at that time images 5,6. Spontaneous ductal closure was confirmed by tomography image 7 then cardiac intervention performed to establish LPA patency image 8,9. Successful total repair was done within the neonatal period with excellent results at follow up ( image 10 at 3 years old). Conculsions 1- TAIII can can be diagnosed and assessed by echocardiography. 2- PDA patency to maintain LPA continuity is essential in TAIII management. 3- Successful total surgical repair with good outcomes can be achieved for neonates with this rare complex cyanotic CHD. Abstract P720 Figure. Images

scholarly journals Prenatal diagnosis of crossed pulmonary artery with tetralogy of Fallot and right aortic arch: A rare case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinfeng Cheng ◽  
Yixiu Zhang ◽  
Hua Meng ◽  
Xining Wu ◽  
Yunshu Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Right Aortic Arch ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Rare Case Report

Crossed pulmonary arteries (CPA) is an unusual malformation characterized by abnormal origination of the pulmonary arteries from the main pulmonary artery (MPA), which is usually associated with complex cardiac pathologies and chromosomal abnormalities. We report a case of crossed pulmonary artery (CPA) associated with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), right aortic arch (RAA), and absence of ductus arteriosus. Sonographic findings, complicated malformations, genetic anomalies, differential diagnosis, and prognosis analysis are discussed. Although the isolated CPA is relatively asymptomatic, when it is accompanied by other cardiac anomalies, the prognosis needs to be reevaluated.

scholarly journals Feasibility of non-gated dynamic fetal cardiac MRI for identification of fetal cardiovascular anatomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Geiger ◽  
R Tuura ◽  
FM Callaghan ◽  
BUE Burkhardt ◽  
K Payette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Steady State Free Precession ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Free Precession ◽  
Supraaortic Arteries

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Purpose We sought to retrospectively evaluate the feasibility of identifying the fetal cardiac and thoracic vascular structures with non-gated dynamic balanced steady-state free precession MRI sequences. Methods We retrospectively assessed the visibility of cardiovascular anatomy in 66 fetuses without suspicion of congenital heart defect (mean gestational age 27+/- 4, range 21-38 weeks). Non-gated dynamic balanced steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequences were acquired in three planes (axial, coronal and sagittal) of the fetal thorax (slice thickness 4-5mm, FOV 400, FA 60°, matrix 256x256). The images were analysed following a segmental approach in consensus reading by an experienced paediatric cardiologist and radiologist. An imaging score was defined by giving one point to each visualized structure. Basic diagnostic structures included the atria, ventricles, systemic veins, right and left ventricular outflow tracts (RVOT/LVOT), aortic arch, descending aorta (DAO), ductus arteriosus and thymus (12 points); advanced diagnostic features included the atrioventricular (AV) valves, pulmonary arteries and veins, supraaortic arteries and trachea, yielding a maximum score of 21 points. Image quality was rated from 0 (poor) to 2 (good). The influence of gestational age (GA), field strength, placenta position, and maternal panniculus on image quality and imaging score were tested. Results 34 scans were performed at 1.5 T, 32 at 3 T. Heart position, atria and ventricles could be seen in all 66 fetuses. Basic diagnosis (>12 points) was achieved in 60 (90%) cases, with visualization of the IVC and SVC in 65 (98%) and 63 (95%), RVOT in 62 (94%), LVOT in 61 (92%), aortic arch in 60 (91%), DAO in 64 (97%), ductus arteriosus in 59 (89%) and thymus in 50 (76%) fetuses. The AV valves were recognised in 55 (83%), the pulmonary arteries in 35 (53%), at least one pulmonary vein in 46 (70%), the supraaortic arteries in 42 (64%), and the trachea in 59 (89%) fetuses. The mean imaging score was 16.8 +/- 3.7. Maternal panniculus (r -0.3; p 0.01) and gestational age (r 0.6; p < 0.001) correlated with imaging score. Field strength influenced image quality, with 1.5 T being better than 3T images (p 0.04), but not the total imaging score. Imaging score or quality were independent from placenta position. Conclusions Fetal heart MRI with a non-gated SSFP sequence in multiple planes enables recognition of basic cardiovascular anatomy. Advanced diagnostics may be limited by thick maternal panniculus, lower GA and higher field strength.

Valve disease

2018 ◽  
pp. 443-459
Author(s):  
Joao Cavalcante ◽  
Florian von Knobelsdorff ◽  
Saul Myerson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Differential Flow ◽  
Precise Quantification ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Cardiac Shunt

Although echocardiography remains the primary imaging modality for valvular heart disease (VHD) diagnosis, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has gained much interest in this field over the last few years. CMR allows for three-dimensional imaging of the cardiovascular system, using a large field of view, and reconstruction in any given plane. Its capability to quantify flow allows for accurate measurement of regurgitation, cardiac shunt volumes/ratios, and differential flow volumes (e.g. left and right pulmonary arteries). In addition, CMR provides insights into the aetiology/mechanism of VHD, the precise quantification of VHD severity, and the evaluation of myocardial response (function, remodelling, and fibrosis). This chapter discusses several CMR techniques for evaluation of patients with VHD. Important tips and pitfalls in the image acquisition and post-processing analysis will be also discussed, providing the users the necessary framework for its clinical application.

Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect: multicenter analysis of prenatal diagnosis cases

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Medvedev , M.V. Kubrina , O.L. Galkina et all
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Pulmonary Atresia ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Collateral Arteries

A retrospective analysis of 12 cases of prenatal diagnosed of pulmonary atresia with ventricular septum defect (PA-VSD) is presented. In the study of the fetal four chambers view cardiomegaly was detected in 2 (16.7 %) cases. The axis of the heart changed in 8 (66.7 %) cases. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) and overriding dilated ascending aorta were identified in all cases. Central pulmonary arteries were identified in 12 (100%) cases. In 7 (58.3 %) cases the dimensions of the pulmonary arteries were at least 2SD below the mean value for gestational age in the remaining 5 (41.7 %) cases were very narrow. Pulmonary blood supply was prenatally identified as ductus arteriosus (DA) in 8 (66.7 %) and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MARSAs) in 3 (25 %) and mixed (DA + MARSAs) in 1 (8.3 %). Fetal hydrops is detected in 2 (16.7 %) cases. The left aortic arch was in 9 (75 %) cases and right aortic arch — 3 (25 %). The average gestational age at prenatal diagnosis was 19.6 (13–23) weeks of gestation. Early diagnosis is represented by one case in 13 weeks of gestation. Еxtracardiac defects were registered in 3 (25 %) cases. Outcomes in fetuses with PA-VSD: termination of pregnancy — 10 (83.4 %), fetal death — 1 (8.3 %), only 1 (8.3 %) survivor

Pathogenesis of solitary right aortic arch: a mass effect hypothesis based on observations of serial human embryonic sections

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-368
Author(s):  
Zhe W. Jin ◽  
Tomonori Yamada ◽  
Ji H. Kim ◽  
José F. Rodríguez-Vázquez ◽  
Gen Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Right Aortic Arch ◽  
Descending Aorta ◽  
The Right

AbstractIn general, solitary right aortic arch carries the left-sided ductus arteriosus communicating between the left subclavian and pulmonary arteries or the right-sided ductus connecting the descending aorta to the left pulmonary artery. Serial sections of fifteen 5- to 6-week-old embryos and ten 8- to 9-week-old fetuses suggested that the pathogenesis was unrelated to inversion due to dysfunction in gene cascades that control the systemic left/right axis. With inversion, conversely, the ductus or the sixth pharyngeal arch artery should connect to the right pulmonary artery. The disappearance of the right aortic arch started before the caudal migration of the aortic attachment of the ductus. Sympathetic nerve ganglia developed immediately posterior to both aortae, with a single embryonic specimen showing a large ganglion at the midline close to the union of the aortic arches. These ganglia may interfere with blood flow through the distal left arch, resulting in the ductus ending at the descending aorta behind the oesophagus. In another fetus examined, a midline shift of the ductus course resulted in the trachea curving posteriorly. Therefore, solitary right arch is likely to accompany abnormalities of the surrounding structures. The timing and site of the obstruction should be different between types: an almost midline obstruction near the aortic union needed for the development of the left-sided ductus and a distal obstruction near the left subclavian arterial origin needed for the development of the right-sided ductus. A mass effect of the sympathetic ganglia may explain the pathogenesis of any type of anomalous ductus arteriosus shown in previous reports of the solitary right arch.

The three-dimensional structure of frozen-hydrated left- and right-handed forms of bacterial flagellar filaments from an identical serotype

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 298-299
Author(s):  
S. Trachtenberg ◽  
D. J. DeRosier
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Basal Body ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Protein Species ◽  
Liquid Environment ◽  
Bacterial Flagellum ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Rotary Motor ◽  
Helical Parameters

The bacterial cell is propelled through the liquid environment by means of one or more rotating flagella. The bacterial flagellum is composed of a basal body (rotary motor), hook (universal coupler), and filament (propellor). The filament is a rigid helical assembly of only one protein species — flagellin. The filament can adopt different morphologies and change, reversibly, its helical parameters (pitch and hand) as a function of mechanical stress and chemical changes (pH, ionic strength) in the environment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document