Effects of varying the parameters in witness-sample-based photoresist outgas testing: dependence of the carbon growth on pumping speed and the dose, time, and area of resist exposure

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tarrio ◽  
R. F. Berg ◽  
S. B. Hill ◽  
S. Grantham ◽  
N. S. Faradzhev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Time ◽  
Witness Sample

Dose/time-dependent modulation of the endothelial function through immunosuppressive agents

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kanzler ◽  
N. Bogert ◽  
F. Guo ◽  
A. Moritz ◽  
A. Beiras-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Dose Time

In Vitro Effects of Urokinase — Prevention by Different Inhibitors

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (03) ◽  
pp. 402-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
M D Oethinger ◽  
E Seifried
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Chloromethyl Ketone ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Dose Time ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Full Protection

SummaryThe present in vitro study investigated dose-, time- and temperature-dependent effects of two-chain urokinase plasminogen activato(u-PA, urokinase) on normal citrated plasma. When 10 μg/ml u-PA wereadded to pooled normal plasma and incubated for 30 min at an ambient temperature (25° C), α2-antiplas-min decreased to 8% of the control value. Incubation on ice yielded a decrease to 45% of control,whereas α2-antiplasmin was fully consumed at 37° C. Fibrinogen and plasminogen fell to 46% and 39%, respectively, after a 30 min incubation at 25° C. Thrombin time prolonged to 190% of control.Various inhibitors were studied with respect to their suitability and efficacy to prevent these in vitro effects. Aprotinin exhibited a good protective effect on fibrinogen at concentrations exceeding 500 KlU/ml plasma. Its use, however, was limited due to interferences with some haemostatic assays. We could demonstrate that L-Glutamyl-L-Glycyl-L-Arginyl chloromethyl ketone (GGACK) and a specific polyclonal anti-u-PA-antibody (anti-u-PA-IgG) effectively inhibited urokinase-induced plasmin generation without interfering with haemostatic assays. The anti-u-PA-antibody afforded full protection ofα2-antiplasmin at therapeutic levels of u-PA.It is concluded that u-PA in plasma samples from patients during thrombolytic therapy may induce in vitro effects which should be prevented by the use of a suitable inhibitor such as GGACK or specific anti-u-PA-antibody.

T3 glottic cancer: An analysis of dose time-volume factors

1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R Harwood ◽  
Frank A Beale ◽  
Bernard J Cummings ◽  
Nigel V Hawkins ◽  
Thomas J Keane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glottic Cancer ◽  
Dose Time

scholarly journals Effects of ozone on sickness and depressive-like behavioral and biochemical phenotypes and their relations to serum amyloid A and kynurenine in blood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen K Baumann ◽  
Wei-Shan Sandy Liang ◽  
Daniel V Quaranta ◽  
Miranda L Wilson ◽  
Helina S Asrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Kynurenine Pathway ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Dose Time ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
The Brain

Ozone (O3) is an air pollutant which primarily damages the lungs, but growing evidence supports that O3 exposure can also affect the brain. Serum amyloid A (SAA) and kynurenine have been identified as circulating factors that are upregulated by O3, and both can contribute to depressive-like behaviors in mice. However, little is known about the relations of O3 exposure to sickness and depressive-like behaviors in experimental settings. In this study, we evaluated O3 dose-, time- and sex- dependent changes in circulating SAA in context of pulmonary inflammation and damage, sickness and depressive-like behavioral changes, and systemic changes in kynurenine and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme that regulates kynurenine production and contributes to inflammation-induced depressive-like behaviors. Our results in Balb/c and CD-1 mice showed that 3ppm O3, but not 2 or 1ppm O3, caused elevations in serum SAA and pulmonary neutrophils, and these responses resolved by 48 hours. Sickness and depressive-like behaviors were observed at all O3 doses (1-3ppm), although the detection of certain behavioral changes varied by dose. We also found that Ido1 mRNA expression was increased in the brain and spleen 24 hours after 3ppm O3, and that kynurenine was increased in blood. Together, these findings indicate that acute O3 exposure induces transient symptoms of sickness and depressive-like behaviors which may occur in the presence or absence of overt pulmonary neutrophilia and systemic increases of SAA. We also present evidence that the IDO/kynurenine pathway is upregulated systemically following an acute exposure to O3 in mice.

Optimization of radiotherapy dose-time fractionation with consideration of tumor specific biology

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 3666-3677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Yang ◽  
Lei Xing
Keyword(s):  
Dose Time ◽  
Radiotherapy Dose

Dose–time response association between occupational asbestos exposure and pleural mesothelioma: authors’ response

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aude Lacourt ◽  
Emilie Leveque ◽  
Marcel Goldberg ◽  
Karen Leffondre
Keyword(s):  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Time Response ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Dose Time

II. Dose-time Relationships in Radiotherapy and the Validity of Cell Survival Curve Models

1963 ◽  
Vol 36 (423) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Fowler ◽  
Babette E. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Dose Time ◽  
Cell Survival Curve

Résistance thermique supérieure de Gammarus fasciatus, Say (Crustacea, Amphipoda) et son utilisation en situation de rejets thermiques

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1339-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Thibault ◽  
R. Couture
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Tolerance Limit ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Dose Time ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Short Term Survival

The upper thermal resistance limit (dose–time analysis of mortality at high temperatures) has been determined in the amphipod G. fasciatus on a time scale of up to 5 days. LTm's (median tolerance limit: 50% survival time) show a 1.12 mean multiplication factor for each degree of acclimation between 5 and 25 °C and a mean reduction factor of 2.06 for each degree of exposure between 25 and 38 °C. Toxicity curves relating LTm, acclimation, and exposure temperatures serve to establish short-term survival diagrams that can be used in various situations of thermal shock. Priority should be given to the ΔT (interval between exposure and acclimation temperatures) or its duration. Thus, a 10 °C ΔT seems to be tolerated during an indefinite period of time when the water temperature is 15 °C or less. Predicted survival times are only 2 days and 2 h, respectively, when temperatures reach 20 and 25 °C. The methods used in this study helped to establish some short-term protection criteria for this species. These methods are also applicable to the study of other species or groups of aquatic organisms.[Journal translation]

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