Perceptions of low‐frequency stimuli induced by direct electrical stimulation at the cochlea

AbstractTargeted stimulation can be used to modulate the activity of brain networks. Previously we demonstrated that direct electrical stimulation produces predictable post-stimulation changes in brain excitability. However, understanding the neural dynamics during stimulation and its relationship to post-stimulation effects is limited but critical for treatment optimization. Here, we applied 10Hz direct electrical stimulation across several cortical regions in 14 patients implanted with intracranial electrodes for seizure monitoring. The stimulation train was characterized by a consistent increase in high gamma (70-170Hz) power. Immediately post-train, low-frequency (1-8Hz) power increased, resulting in an evoked response that was highly correlated with the neural response during stimulation. Using two measures of network connectivity, cortico-cortical evoked potentials (indexing effective connectivity) and theta coherence (indexing functional connectivity), we found a stronger response to stimulation in regions that were highly connected to the stimulation site. In these regions, repeated cycles of stimulation trains and rest progressively altered the stimulation response. Finally, after just 2 minutes (10%) of repetitive stimulation, we were able to predict post-stimulation connectivity changes with high discriminability. Taken together, this work reveals a relationship between stimulation dynamics and post-stimulation connectivity changes in humans. Thus, measuring neural activity during stimulation can inform future plasticity-inducing protocols.

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Deep Brain Stimulation of the Posterior Insula in Chronic Pain: A Theoretical Framework

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11050639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 639

Author(s):

David Bergeron ◽

Sami Obaid ◽

Marie-Pierre Fournier-Gosselin ◽

Alain Bouthillier ◽

Dang Khoa Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Deep Brain Stimulation ◽

Brain Stimulation ◽

High Frequency ◽

Brain Lesion ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Posterior Insula ◽

Deep Brain ◽

Stimulation Of

Introduction: To date, clinical trials of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for refractory chronic pain have yielded unsatisfying results. Recent evidence suggests that the posterior insula may represent a promising DBS target for this indication. Methods: We present a narrative review highlighting the theoretical basis of posterior insula DBS in patients with chronic pain. Results: Neuroanatomical studies identified the posterior insula as an important cortical relay center for pain and interoception. Intracranial neuronal recordings showed that the earliest response to painful laser stimulation occurs in the posterior insula. The posterior insula is one of the only regions in the brain whose low-frequency electrical stimulation can elicit painful sensations. Most chronic pain syndromes, such as fibromyalgia, had abnormal functional connectivity of the posterior insula on functional imaging. Finally, preliminary results indicated that high-frequency electrical stimulation of the posterior insula can acutely increase pain thresholds. Conclusion: In light of the converging evidence from neuroanatomical, brain lesion, neuroimaging, and intracranial recording and stimulation as well as non-invasive stimulation studies, it appears that the insula is a critical hub for central integration and processing of painful stimuli, whose high-frequency electrical stimulation has the potential to relieve patients from the sensory and affective burden of chronic pain.

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Modelling and prediction of the dynamic responses of large-scale brain networks during direct electrical stimulation

Nature Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.1038/s41551-020-00666-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yuxiao Yang ◽

Shaoyu Qiao ◽

Omid G. Sani ◽

J. Isaac Sedillo ◽

Breonna Ferrentino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Large Scale ◽

Brain Networks ◽

Dynamic Responses ◽

Direct Electrical Stimulation

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Direct electrical stimulation of rat soleus during denervation-reinnervation

Experimental Neurology ◽

10.1016/0014-4886(82)90027-9 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 589-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M.Mazher Jaweed ◽

Gerald J. Herbison ◽

John F. Ditunno

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽

Stimulation Of

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Effects of chronic low-frequency electrical stimulation of human knee extensor muscles exposed to static passive stretching

Human Physiology ◽

10.1134/s0362119706010117 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 74-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. S. Shenkman ◽

E. V. Lyubaeva ◽

D. V. Popov ◽

A. I. Netreba ◽

O. S. Tarasova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Knee Extensor ◽

Human Knee ◽

Passive Stretching ◽

Extensor Muscles ◽

Knee Extensor Muscles ◽

Stimulation Of

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Direct electrical stimulation of the optic radiation in patients with covered eyes

Neurosurgical Review ◽

10.1007/s10143-014-0535-9 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 527-533 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Andrej Šteňo ◽

Vladimír Hollý ◽

Martin Fabian ◽

Matúš Kuniak ◽

Gabriela Timárová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽

Optic Radiation ◽

Stimulation Of

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Treating Seizures With Low-Frequency Electrical Stimulation

Epilepsy Currents ◽

10.1177/15357597211003559 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153575972110035

Author(s):

Angelique Bordey

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Low Frequency

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The ectopic newly-formed nerve fibres which repopulate the long-time denervated and atrophic chick skeletal muscle

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x1968000300001 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 187-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Eros Abrantes Erhart ◽

Cecil José Rezze ◽

Walter Biazotto

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Nerve Fibre ◽

Nerve Trunk ◽

Direct Electrical Stimulation ◽

Nerve Fibres ◽

Motor Endplates ◽

Proximal Stump ◽

Long Time ◽

Contralateral Muscle

1. The whole biventer cervicis muscles of the chick, being innervated by a branch of the dorsal ramus of C, presents structural Deculiarities which recommend it as good skeletal muscle for embryological, anatomical, physiological and pharmacological neuro-muscular investigations. 2. The nerve trunk responsible for the innervation of the distal belly runs completely included within the intermediate tendon; therefore, a tendon transection determines complete denervation and nerve fibre degeneration of the distal belly of the muscle. 3. Long-time experimentally denervated distal bellies (from three up to twelve months) are repopulated by ectopic nerve fibres which must have arisen from a source other than the proximal stump, neighbour nerves or nervi-vasorum. 4. Motor endplates appear in these long-time (eight or more months) denervated biventer cervicis distal bellies. 5. Although atrophic-looking such muscle bellies responded to indirect and to direct electrical stimulation — 1.5 V — by contraction. 6. The long-time denervated distal bellies of the biventer cervicis muscle of the chick, when properly reoperated by cross-grafting suture with the normal contralateral muscle, lost their atrophic appearance and showed to be successfully recovered in about thirty days.

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