Crossmodal Inhibition of Return in Adults with and Without Down Syndrome

This study investigated inhibition of return in persons with and without Down syndrome (DS) when visual or verbal cues were used to specify a target in a crossmodal paradigm. Individuals with DS and without DS performed manual aiming movements to a target located in right or left hemispace. The target was specified by an endogenous visual or verbal stimulus. Both groups were significantly slower when responding to the same target as the previous trial when the target was cued in a different modality. Although participants with DS initiated and executed their movements more slowly, they demonstrated a similar pattern of inhibition as people without DS, suggesting that inhibitory processes are functioning normally in persons with DS.

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Movement Preparation and the Costs and Benefits Associated with Advance Information for Adults with Down Syndrome

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.12.3.239 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 239-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

David A. Le Clair ◽

Digby Elliott

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Hemispheric Lateralization ◽

Manual Aiming ◽

Aiming Movements ◽

Verbal Language ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Mental Handicaps ◽

Advance Information ◽

Aiming Movement ◽

Valid Information

This study examined the extent to which individuals with Down syndrome benefit from visual and verbal advance information about a manual aiming movement. Adults with Down syndrome as well as control subjects with and without mental handicaps performed 10.5-cm manual aiming movements with their preferred hand. On each trial subjects were cued about the specific movement either visually or verbally. On different trial blocks, the cue provided either 50% or 80% certainty. Nonhandicapped control subjects initiated and completed their manual aiming movements more quickly than subjects with mental handicaps. As well, individuals with Down syndrome were found to be slower and more variable in reaction time than participants in the other mentally handicapped group when valid information was provided verbally but not when the cue was provided visually. These results are consistent with the proposal that atypical hemispheric lateralization for speech perception associated with Down syndrome disrupts communication between functional systems responsible for processing of verbal language and organizing movement (Elliott & Weeks, 1993b).

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The role of peripheral and central visual information for the directional control of manual aiming movements.

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale ◽

10.1037/h0087307 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 160-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Khémais Abahnini ◽

Luc Proteau

Keyword(s):

Visual Information ◽

Manual Aiming ◽

Aiming Movements ◽

Directional Control

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Is visual-based, online control of manual-aiming movements disturbed when adapting to new movement dynamics?

Vision Research ◽

10.1016/j.visres.2014.05.007 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 110 ◽

pp. 223-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Isabelle Mackrous ◽

Luc Proteau

Keyword(s):

Online Control ◽

Manual Aiming ◽

Aiming Movements ◽

Movement Dynamics

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Inhibitory processes in auditory selective attention: Evidence of location-based and frequency-based inhibition of return

Perception & Psychophysics ◽

10.3758/bf03206038 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 296-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Todd A. Mondor ◽

Lynn M. Breau ◽

Bruce Milliken

Keyword(s):

Selective Attention ◽

Inhibition Of Return ◽

Auditory Selective Attention ◽

Inhibitory Processes

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Event-related brain potentials depict delayed development of cerebral inhibitory processes among infants with down syndrome

Infant Behavior and Development ◽

10.1016/s0163-6383(98)91708-8 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 495

Author(s):

Jennifer Hill Karrer ◽

Rathe Karrer

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Brain Potentials ◽

Inhibitory Processes ◽

Delayed Development

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Visuo-manual Aiming Movements in 6- to 10-Year-Old Children: Evidence for an Asymmetric and Asynchronous Development of Information Processes

Brain and Cognition ◽

10.1006/brcg.1996.0011 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 175-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Giuseppe Pellizzer ◽

Claude-Alain Hauert

Keyword(s):

Manual Aiming ◽

Aiming Movements ◽

Asynchronous Development ◽

Information Processes

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The Use of Vision in Manual Aiming by Young and Older Adults

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.4.2.165 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 165-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

James Lyons ◽

Digby Elliott ◽

Laurie R. Swanson ◽

Romeo Chua

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Young Adults ◽

Movement Trajectory ◽

Manual Aiming ◽

Movement Initiation ◽

Directed Movement ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Aiming Movements ◽

Kinesthetic Feedback ◽

Aiming Movement

This study was designed to examine the influence of age and the availability of vision on the performance and kinematic characteristics of discrete aiming movements. Twelve young adults (19–25 years old) and 12 healthy older adults (62–82 years old) performed 130-mm aiming movements to targets with diameters of 5, 10, and 20 mm. On half the trial blocks, visual feedback about the aiming movement was eliminated upon movement initiation. Surprisingly, older adults were both as fast and as accurate as young adults regardless of the vision or target condition. While the velocity profiles of young and older adults were also similar, older adults exhibited a greater number of deviations in acceleration in both the vision and no-vision situations. Since these deviations are thought to reflect adjustments to the movement trajectory, older adults may rely more on visual and kinesthetic feedback for the control of goal-directed movement.

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The Processing Speed of Visual and Verbal Movement Information by Adults with and Without Down Syndrome

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.18.2.156 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 156-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Timothy N. Welsh ◽

Digby Elliott

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Developmental Disabilities ◽

Processing Speed ◽

Target Location ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Visual Cue ◽

Aiming Movements ◽

Rapid Aiming Movements ◽

Visual Conditions

Previous research has indicated that individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have difficulties processing auditory movement information relative to their peers with undifferentiated developmental disabilities. The present study was conducted to assess whether a model of atypical cerebral specialization could explain these findings. Thirteen adults with Down syndrome (8 men, 5 women), 14 adults with undifferentiated developmental disabilities (7 men, 7 women), and 14 adults without disabilities (8 men, 6 women) performed rapid aiming movements to targets under three conditions: a visual cue at the target location, a visual cue remote from the target location, or a verbal cue. Results revealed that, while the reaction times did not differ between the two groups with disabilities across conditions, the participants with DS, unlike their peers, had significantly longer movement times in the verbal than in two visual conditions. These results are consistent with the model of biological dissociation.

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