Better Late Than Never?! Five Compelling Reasons for Putting Physical Activity in Low- and Middle-Income Countries High Up on the Public Health Research Agenda

Author(s):  
Katja Siefken ◽  
Andrea Varela Ramirez ◽  
Temo Waqanivalu ◽  
Nico Schulenkorf

Since 2020, the world has been navigating an epidemiologic transition with both infectious diseases (COVID-19) and noncommunicable diseases intertwined in complex and diverse ways. In fact, the pandemics of physical inactivity, noncommunicable diseases, and COVID-19 coincide in a tragically impactful ménage à trois with their detrimental long-term health consequences yet to be determined. We know that people in low- and middle-income countries not only have the highest risk of developing chronic diseases, they also develop the diseases at a younger age, they suffer longer, and they die earlier than people in high-income countries. This commentary features 5 compelling reasons for putting physical activity in low- and middle-income countries high up on the public health research agenda and calls for more commitment to inclusive and context-specific public health practices that are paired with locally relevant promotion and facilitation of PA practice, research, and policymaking.

Author(s):  
Chris Bullen ◽  
Jessica McCormack ◽  
Amanda Calder ◽  
Varsha Parag ◽  
Kannan Subramaniam ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: The global COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted healthcare worldwide. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where people may have limited access to affordable quality care, the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to have a particularly adverse impact on the health and healthcare of individuals with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). A World Health Organization survey found that disruption of delivery of healthcare for NCDs was more significant in LMICs than in high-income countries. However, the study did not elicit insights into the day-to-day impacts of COVID-19 on healthcare by front-line healthcare workers (FLHCWs). Aim: To gain insights directly from FLHCWs working in countries with a high NCD burden, and thereby identify opportunities to improve the provision of healthcare during the current pandemic and in future healthcare emergencies. Methods: We recruited selected frontline healthcare workers (general practitioners, pharmacists, and other medical specialists) from nine countries to complete an online survey (n = 1347). Survey questions focused on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on clinical practice and NCDs; barriers to clinical care during the pandemic; and innovative responses to the many challenges presented by the pandemic. Findings: The majority of FLHCWs responding to our survey reported that their care of patients had been impacted both adversely and positively by the public health measures imposed. Most FLHCs (95%) reported a deterioration in the mental health of their patients. Conclusions: Continuity of care for NCDs as part of pandemic preparedness is needed so that chronic conditions are not exacerbated by public health measures and the direct impacts of the pandemic.


2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-26
Author(s):  
Danya M. Qato

This introductory essay contextualizes the special collection of papers on the pandemic and seeks to map the terrain of extant public health research on Palestine and the Palestinians. In addition, it is a contribution in Palestine studies to a nascent yet propulsive conversation that has been accelerated by Covid-19 on the erasure of structures of violence, including those of settler colonialism and racial capitalism, within the discipline of epidemiology. Using public health as an analytic, this essay asks us to consider foundational questions that have long been sidelined in the public health discourse on Palestine, including the implications for health and health research of eliding ongoing settler colonialism. Rather than ignoring and reproducing their violence, this essay seeks to tackle these questions head-on in an attempt to imagine a future public health research agenda that centers health, and not simply survivability, for all Palestinians.


2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1299-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina F. Trivers ◽  
Sherri L. Stewart ◽  
Lucy Peipins ◽  
Sun Hee Rim ◽  
Mary C. White

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  

Abstract Objectives To discuss the added value of locally developed health policies and strategies in the context of Global Sustainable Development Goals. To discuss the capabilities, opportunities and limitations of public health institutes in low- and middle-income countries in contributing to health policies and strategies in their countries vis-à-vis the global policies, promoted by multilateral and UN institutions. To formulate recommendations for strengthening the role of local health research institutions in low- and middle-income countries in formulating evidence-based policies and strategies for achieving Sustainable Development Goals, in their countries and beyond their borders. Five panellists from public health and research institutes in Bangladesh, Laos, DR Congo, Uganda and Haiti, and one representative from the European Commission, discuss their experiences in the Support to Public Health Institutes Programme (financed by the European Union), and what they have achieved in influencing policy and practice. Have they been able to leave their ivory tower of science, and have they been able to enter into real dialogue with politicians, practitioners and users of health services? How have they dealt with scepticism in the era mistrust in science? How did they bridge the gap between science and politics, and what tangible products did they deliver to make an impact on health of the population through policy advice or strategy formulation? Did they really make a difference and if yes, how? How did the public health institutes relate to the global giants in health policy and strategies? Did they get support or encouragement for following a local route? Have the public health institutes been able to contribute to global development? Has an international exchange facilitated by the European Commission contributed to strengthening the institutes? After short introductions by the panelists about their work in the last five years, there will be answers to questions from the panel leader and the delegates in the workshop. Delegates are invited to share experiences from their countries. Most of the time of the workshop will be used for a discussion among all participants in the workshop: how can public health institutes and research institutions play a stronger role in policy advice and strategy development in the health sector in their country? What should change within the institutions? How can they demonstrate their added value? What should change in ministries of health and parliaments? What should change in decision-makers in health services? Which best practices do we know, can serve as an example? At the end of the workshop the participants will formulate concrete recommendations, to be presented to the global health community. Key messages Public health institutes and research institutions in low- and middle-income countries have a hidden potential to contribute to local solutions for global health problems. A paradigm shift in relations between academic institutions is needed to unleash the potential of public health institutes.


PLoS Medicine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e1001465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Lachat ◽  
Stephen Otchere ◽  
Dominique Roberfroid ◽  
Abubakari Abdulai ◽  
Florencia Maria Aguirre Seret ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Bibha Simkhada ◽  
Edwin van Teijlingen ◽  
Aliya Naheed ◽  
Angela Warren ◽  
Sue Green

Abstract Patient and public involvement/engagement (PPI/E) in public health research and health technology assessment (HTA) in high-income countries (HICs) have significantly increased over the past decade. PPI/E helps to improve research and HTA, ultimately benefitting patients and service users. PPI/E is a very new concept in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This paper considers the importance of PPI in public health research and HTA in the development and implementation of technology in the health sector in South Asia. Currently, in this region, health technology is frequently adopted from HICs without local research and HTA. It also discusses the importance of local co-creation of technology to reflect the needs of users within a culturally appropriate setting. It is important for LMIC-based researchers to understand the potential of PPI/E and how it can contribute to it to improve health care and research, especially perhaps in the era of COVID-19.


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