Reliability of Squat and Countermovement Jump Tests in Children 6 to 8 Years of Age

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Martín Acero ◽  
Miguel Fernández-del Olmo ◽  
José Andrés Sánchez ◽  
Xosé Luis Otero ◽  
Xavier Aguado ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to determine the reliability of the squat jump test (SJ) and countermovement jump test (CMJ), in fifty-six children (30 girls and 26 boys) with ages ranging from 6 to 8 years. Each subject performed two evaluation sessions (T1, T2) with seven days between tests. The results show that the CMJ test has a high intratrial reproducibility in T1 and T2 measured through intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC ≥ 0.95). The ICC for the SJ test had a high value (0.99) only in T1. The variability for both tests among children under 9 years of age is higher than those reported for adult subjects in other studies. The intersession reliability was questionable with a high methodical error (ME= 9.86–15.1%, for the SJ and CMJ, respectively) and a significant worsening of the results of CMJ in T2 (p < .05).

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (Avance Online) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antenor Calandrini Azevedo ◽  
Deivison Soares Meninea ◽  
Arthur Pinto Magno ◽  
Thyago Martins Silva ◽  
Romulo Oliveira Sousa ◽  
...  

Resumo Objetivo: Investigar a confiabilidade e reprodutibilidade do aplicativo Jumpo® para medida de saltos verticais de lutadores. Método: Participaram 16 atletas de ambos os sexos com idade média de 19 ± 5 anos, estatura de 1.7 ± 0.1 m, massa corporal de 65 ± 15 kg. A presente investigação contabilizou dois encontros, nos quais foram realizados teste-reteste de ambos os instrumentos de avaliações para os seguintes saltos verticais: Countermovement Jump, Squat Jump e Drop Jump, medidos simultaneamente com o Tapete de Contato e o Jumpo®. Foram analisados o tempo de contato com o solo e a altura máxima de salto. Para análise estatística foi aplicado coeficiente de correlação intraclasse destinado às avaliações intra e inter-avaliadores. Já os comparativos entre Jumpo® e tapete de contato foram utilizados novamente o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e a análise gráfica de Bland-Altman. Resultados: Concordâncias “quase perfeitas” para altura máxima em todos os saltos, tanto intra-avaliadores (CCI= 0.911-0.959), como inter-avaliadores (CCI= 0.939-0.951) e inter-instrumentos (CCI= 0.939-0.972) foram encontradas. Porém, o tempo de solo não apresentou concordância significante inter-instrumentos (p<0.360). Entretanto, foram encontrados valores inter-avaliadores estatisticamente significativos (p<0.001). Conclusão: O Jumpo® parece ser uma ferramenta válida e reprodutível para medida de altura máxima de saltos verticais, mas não para o tempo de contato com o solo. Sugere-se, portanto, que treinadores e técnicos podem ser encorajados a utilizar esta ferramenta para avaliação e monitoramento do desempenho de saltos em lutadores. Resumen Objetivo: Investigar la confiabilidad y reproducibilidad de la aplicación Jumpo® para la medida de saltos verticales en luchadores. Método: Participaron 16 atletas de ambos os sexos con edad media de 19 ± 5 años, estatura de 1.7 ± 0.1 m, masa corporal de 65 ± 15 kg. La presente investigación contabilizó dos encuentros en los que se realizaron pruebas y re-test de ambos instrumentos de evaluación para los siguientes saltos verticales: Countermovement Jump, Squat Jump y Drop Jump, medidos simultáneamente con la Superfície de Contacto y el Jumpo®. Se analizaron el tiempo de contacto con el suelo y la altura máxima de salto. Para el análisis estadístico se aplicó coeficiente de correlación intraclase destinado a las evaluaciones intra e inter-evaluadores. Los comparativos entre Jumpo® y la superfície de contacto se utilizaron nuevamente el coeficiente de correlación intraclase y el análisis gráfico de Bland-Altman. Resultados: Concordancias "casi perfectas" para altura máxima en todos los saltos, tanto intra-evaluadores (CCI = 0.911-0.959), como inter-evaluadores (CCI = 0.939-0.951) e inter-instrumentos (CCI = 0.939-0.972) encontrado. Sin embargo, el tiempo de contacto con el suelo no presentó concordancia significante inter-instrumentos (p <0.360). Sin embargo, se encontraron valores inter-evaluadores estadísticamente significativos (p <0.001). Conclusión: El Jumpo® parece ser una herramienta válida y reproducible para medida de altura máxima de saltos verticales, pero no para el tiempo de contacto. Se sugiere, por lo tanto, que entrenadores y técnicos puedan ser alentados a utilizar esta herramienta para evaluación y monitoreo del desempeño de saltos en luchadores. Abstract Objective: To investigate the reliability and reproducibility of the Jumpo® application for vertical jumping measurement. Method: 16 athletes of both sexes with a mean age of 19 ± 5 years, height of 1.7 ± 0.1 m, body mass of 65 ± 15 kg were included. The present investigation counted two meetings, in which test-retest of both assessment instruments for the following vertical jumps: Countermovement Jump, Squat Jump and Drop Jump, measured simultaneously with the Contact Mat and Jumpo®. Contact time with soil the ground and maximum jump height were analyzed. For statistical analysis, intraclass correlation coefficient was applied for intra- and inter-rater assessments. The comparisons between Jumpo® and contact mat performed by intraclass correlation coefficient and the Bland-Altman graphic analysis. Results: Almost perfect agreement for maximum height in all jumps, both intra-rater (ICC = 0.911-0.959), and inter-rater (ICC = 0.939-0.951) and inter-instrument (ICC = 0.939-0.972) were found. However, the contact time presented no significance (p <0.360) in relation to inter-instrument measurements. However, statistically significant inter-rater values ​​were found (p <0.001). Conclusion: Jumpo® seems to be a valid and reproducible tool for measuring maximum vertical jumps height, but not for contact time. It is suggested, therefore, that coaches and trainers can be encouraged to use this tool for evaluation and monitoring of jumping performance in fighters.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
James Baker ◽  
Barry Shillabeer ◽  
Christopher Brandner ◽  
Philip Graham-Smith ◽  
Patrick Mills ◽  
...  

Purpose: To examine the reliability, validity, and performance characteristics of the 10 to 5 repeated jump test (10–5 RJT) in adolescent male athletes. The 10–5 RJT has been shown to be a valid and reliable test of reactive strength index (RSI) in older adolescents (age 17–19 y), but less is known in younger adolescent athletes at different stages of maturity. Methods: Athletes (age 11–17 y) completed the 10–5 RJT on 2 days, 1 week apart, to examine the reliability (n = 41), validity (n = 18) of the test. Athletes were classified as pre, circa, or post peak height velocity (PHV) height velocity using maturity offset to examine the effect of maturation status on RSI, flight time (FT), ground contact time (GCT), and jump height (JH) (n = 68) using a cross-sectional design. Results: Paired samples t tests showed no significant differences (P ≥ .05), and Bland–Altman analysis showed no bias and close limits of agreement for RSI, JH, FT, and GCT between the contact mat and force plate. Interday reliability was rated excellent for RSI (intraclass correlation coefficient = .91) and good for GCT, FT, and JH (intraclass correlation coefficient = .81–.85). All variables had a coefficient of variation ≤ 10%. RSI increased across maturation groups, with significant differences between pre-PHV and post-PHV groups (P = .014, d = 1.00). Conclusion: The 10–5 RJT is a valid and reliable test for adolescent male athletes. Greater RSI with advancing maturity was primarily due to increased FT and JH, with GCT remaining similar.


Author(s):  
Sara R. Sherman ◽  
Clifton J. Holmes ◽  
Bjoern Hornikel ◽  
Hayley V. MacDonald ◽  
Michael V. Fedewa ◽  
...  

Purpose: To assess the agreement of the root mean square of successive R-R interval (RMSSD) values when recorded immediately upon waking to values recorded later in the morning prior to practice, and to determine the associations of the RMSSD recordings with performance outcomes in female rowers. Methods: A total of 31 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I rowers were monitored for 6 consecutive days. Two seated RMSSD measurements were obtained on at least 3 mornings using a smartphone-based photoplethysmography application. Each 1-minute RMSSD measure was recorded following a 1-minute stabilization period. The first (T1) measurement occurred at the athlete’s home following waking, while the second (T2) transpired upon arrival at the team’s boathouse immediately before practice. From the measures, the RMSSD mean and coefficient of variation were calculated. Two objective performance assessments were conducted on an indoor rowing ergometer on separate days: 2000-m time trial and distance covered in 30 minutes. Interteam rank was determined by the coaches, based on subjective and objective performance markers. Results: The RMSSD mean (intraclass correlation coefficient = .82; 95% CI, .63 to .92) and RMSSD coefficient of variation (intraclass correlation coefficient = .75; 95% CI, .48 to .88) were strongly correlated at T1 and T2, P < .001. The RMSSD mean at T1 and T2 was moderately associated with athlete rank (r = −.55 and r = −.46, respectively), 30-minute distance (r = .40 and r = .41, respectively), and 2000 m at T1 (r = −.37), P < .05. No significant correlations were observed for the RMSSD coefficient of variation. Conclusion: Ultrashort RMSSD measurements taken immediately upon waking show very strong agreement with those taken later in the morning, at the practice facility. Future research should more thoroughly investigate the relationship between specific performance indices and the RMSSD mean and coefficient of variation for female collegiate rowers.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Jianjun Gu ◽  
Xiaoxiao Zhang ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
...  

Purpose. To explore the probability and variation in biomechanical measurements of rabbit cornea by a modified Scheimpflug device.Methods. A modified Scheimpflug device was developed by imaging anterior segment of the model imitating the intact eye at various posterior pressures. The eight isolated rabbit corneas were mounted on the Barron artificial chamber and images of the anterior segment were taken at posterior pressures of 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 mmHg by the device. The repeatability and reliability of the parameters including CCT, ACD, ACV, and CV were evaluated at each posterior pressure. All the variations of the parameters at the different posterior pressures were calculated.Results. All parameters showed good intraobserver reliability (Cronbach’s alpha; intraclass correlation coefficient,α, ICC > 0.96) and repeatability in the modified Scheimpflug device. With the increase of posterior pressures, the ratio of CCT decreased linearly and the bulk modulus gradually reduced to a platform. The increase of ACD was almost linear with the posterior pressures elevated.Conclusions. The modified Scheimpflug device was a valuable tool to investigate the biomechanics of the cornea. The posterior pressure 15–75 mmHg range produced small viscoelastic deformations and nearly linear pressure-deformation response in the rabbit cornea.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd Roberts ◽  
Tom Rozen ◽  
Deirdre Murphy ◽  
Adam Lawler ◽  
Mark Fitzgerald ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Multiple screening Duplex ultrasound scans (DUS) are performed in trauma patients at high risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Intensive care physician performed compression ultrasound (IP-CUS) has shown promise as a diagnostic test for DVT in a non-trauma setting. Whether IP-CUS can be used as a screening test in trauma patients is unknown. Our study aimed to assess the agreement between IP-CUS and vascular sonographer performed DUS for proximal lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (PLEDVT) screening in high-risk trauma patients in ICU. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted at the ICU of Alfred Hospital, a major trauma center in Melbourne, Australia, between Feb and Nov 2015. All adult major trauma patients admitted with high risk for DVT were eligible for inclusion. IP-CUS was performed immediately before or after DUS for PLEDVT screening. The paired studies were repeated twice weekly until the DVT diagnosis, death or ICU discharge. Written informed consent from the patient, or person responsible, or procedural authorisation, was obtained. The individuals performing the scans were blinded to the others’ results. The agreement analysis was performed using Cohen’s Kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient for repeated binary measurements. Results During the study period, 117 patients had 193 pairs of scans, and 45 (39%) patients had more than one pair of scans. The median age (IQR) was 47 (28–68) years with 77% males, mean (SD) injury severity score 27.5 (9.53), and a median (IQR) ICU length of stay 7 (3.2–11.6) days. There were 16 cases (13.6%) of PLEDVT with an incidence rate of 2.6 (1.6–4.2) cases per 100 patient-days in ICU. The overall agreement was 96.7% (95% CI 94.15–99.33). The Cohen’s Kappa between the IP-CUS and DUS was 0.77 (95% CI 0.59–0.95), and the intraclass correlation coefficient for repeated binary measures was 0.75 (95% CI 0.67–0.81). Conclusions There is a substantial agreement between IP-CUS and DUS for PLEDVT screening in trauma patients in ICU with high risk for DVT. Large multicentre studies are needed to confirm this finding.


Author(s):  
Daniela Claessens ◽  
Alexander K. Schuster ◽  
Ronald V. Krüger ◽  
Marian Liegl ◽  
Laila Singh ◽  
...  

AbstractIn this study, the test-retest-reliability as one aspect of reliability of metamorphopsia measurements using a computer-based measuring method was determined in patients with macular diseases. Metamorphopsia amplitude, position, and area were quantified using AMD – A Metamorphopsia Detector software (app4eyes GmbH & Co. KG, Germany) in patients with diabetic, myopic, or uveitic macular edema, intermediate or neovascular age-associated macular degeneration, epiretinal membrane, vitelliform maculopathy, Irvine-Gass syndrome, or macular edema due to venous retinal occlusion. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated in order to determine the repeatability of two repeated measurements and was used as an indicator of the reliability of the measurements. In this study, metamorphopsia measurements were conducted on 36 eyes with macular diseases. Metamorphopsia measurements made using AMD – A Metamorphopsia Detector software were highly reliable and repeatable in patients with maculopathies. The intraclass correlation coefficient of all indices was excellent (0.95 – 0.97). For diseases of the vitreoretinal interface or macular diseases with intra- or subretinal edema, this metamorphopsia measurement represents a supplement for visual function testing in the clinic, as well as in clinical studies.


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