scholarly journals Minimal quantum viscosity from fundamental physical constants

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (17) ◽  
pp. eaba3747 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Trachenko ◽  
V. V. Brazhkin

Viscosity of fluids is strongly system dependent, varies across many orders of magnitude, and depends on molecular interactions and structure in a complex way not amenable to first-principles theories. Despite the variations and theoretical difficulties, we find a new quantity setting the minimal kinematic viscosity of fluids: νm=14πℏmem, where me and m are electron and molecule masses. We subsequently introduce a new property, the “elementary” viscosity ι with the lower bound set by fundamental physical constants and notably involving the proton-to-electron mass ratio: ιm=ℏ4π(mpme)12, where mp is the proton mass. We discuss the connection of our result to the bound found by Kovtun, Son, and Starinets in strongly interacting field theories.

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (41) ◽  
pp. eabc8662
Author(s):  
K. Trachenko ◽  
B. Monserrat ◽  
C. J. Pickard ◽  
V. V. Brazhkin

Two dimensionless fundamental physical constants, the fine structure constant α and the proton-to-electron mass ratio mpme, are attributed a particular importance from the point of view of nuclear synthesis, formation of heavy elements, planets, and life-supporting structures. Here, we show that a combination of these two constants results in a new dimensionless constant that provides the upper bound for the speed of sound in condensed phases, vu. We find that vuc=α(me2mp)12, where c is the speed of light in vacuum. We support this result by a large set of experimental data and first-principles computations for atomic hydrogen. Our result expands the current understanding of how fundamental constants can impose new bounds on important physical properties.


2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (H15) ◽  
pp. 319-319
Author(s):  
Rodger I. Thompson

AbstractThe values of the fundamental physical constants determine the nature of our universe from the height of mountains on earth to the evolution of the universe over its history. One of these constants is μ = MP/Me the ratio of the proton to electron mass. Astronomical observations provide a determination of this ratio in the early universe through observations of molecular absorption and emission lines in distant objects. Observations of molecular hydrogen in distant damped Lyman Alpha clouds provide a measurement of μ at a time when the universe was only 20% of its present age. To date there is no evidence for a change in μ at the level of 1 part in 105. This limit produces an observational constraint on quintessence theories for the evolution of the universe and Super Symmetric theories of elementary particles.


1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1124-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Gorbatsevich ◽  
V. M. Holin ◽  
V. N. Nosal'

Science ◽  
1932 ◽  
Vol 75 (1939) ◽  
pp. 243-243
Author(s):  
J. E. Mills

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Ogaba Philip Obande

The fundamental physical constants (FCs) are parametrized. The results reveal that: 1) FCs are field coupling constants. With the exception of ratio of identities such as μ = mp/me, there are no dimensionless constants – all FCs, including Alpha and pi, are dimensional. 2) The constant k = 1.6022 x 10-19 implicates: i) atomic unit of torque, it causes matter’s intrinsic rotation on all (atomic to cosmic) scales; ii) motion of unrestricted bodies through free space and random thermal (Brownian) motion in condensed matter; iii) superluminal space expansion, i.e., Hubble effect is not an acceleration but tangential velocity (pi c) of free space; and iv) common parametric definition of radioactivity and stellar explosion/supernova. 3) Newtonian gravitation comprises two potentials, a spherical pneumatic torque field G1 acts to inflate the gravitational envelope and a combination of force fields G2 impacts an acute hydrostatic pressure on the individual and common envelopes of the gravitating bodies; the two contrary force fields function to create a coherent rigid system in dynamic equilibrium. 4) The bosonic unit mass gravitational acceleration constant, gw = 7.9433 x 1059 m s-2 kg-1 is associated with the strong nuclear force (SNF), it binds matter on all (atomic to cosmic) scales. 5) Although the classical electron radius (CER) formulation re = e2/mec2 yields correct value, it is nonetheless fortuitous as me deviates from the theoretical value by twenty orders of magnitude and theory does not link spatial dimension to electrostatics charge quantum. 6) Successful evaluation of re by three alternative methods implies that an attempt to relegate the CER as currently obtains in the Standard Model seeks to re-engineer reality. 7) Electron bosonic radius identifies with the astronomical unit, it accounts for “spooky” action at a distance and “entanglement” effects. 8) Planck length fails to relate to atomic spatial dimension indicating that Planck space does not refer to the atom. 9) Electric, magnetic and gravitational effects are all motivated by torque but its magnitude differs according to the order: electrical (N m) > magnetic (N m)0.75 > gravitational (N m)0.25. It is submitted that even if the atom degraded with cosmological epoch, values of the FCs would remain fixed because they are parametric relative quantities.


2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 043102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Mohr ◽  
David B. Newell ◽  
Barry N. Taylor

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