A large magmatic sill complex beneath the Toba caldera

Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 346 (6209) ◽  
pp. 617-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Jaxybulatov ◽  
N. M. Shapiro ◽  
I. Koulakov ◽  
A. Mordret ◽  
M. Landes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnhild Sydnes ◽  
Willy Fjeldskaar ◽  
Ivar Grunnaleite ◽  
Ingrid Fjeldskaar Løtveit ◽  
Rolf Mjelde

Magmatic intrusions affect the basin temperature in their vicinity. Faulting and physical properties of the basin may influence the magnitudes of their thermal effects and the potential source rock maturation. We present results from a sensitivity study of the most important factors affecting the thermal history in structurally complex sedimentary basins with magmatic sill intrusions. These factors are related to faulting, physical properties, and restoration methods: (1) fault displacement, (2) time span of faulting and deposition, (3) fault angle, (4) thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity, (5) basal heat flow and (6) restoration method. All modeling is performed on the same constructed clastic sedimentary profile containing one normal listric fault with one faulting event. Sills are modeled to intrude into either side of the fault zone with a temperature of 1000 °C. The results show that transient thermal effects may last up to several million years after fault slip. Thermal differences up to 40 °C could occur for sills intruding at time of fault slip, to sills intruding 10 million years later. We have shown that omitting the transient thermal effects of structural development in basins with magmatic intrusions may lead to over- or underestimation of the thermal effects of magmatic intrusions and ultimately the estimated maturation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adonara E. Mucek ◽  
Martin Danišík ◽  
Shanaka L. de Silva ◽  
Daniel P. Miggins ◽  
Axel K. Schmitt ◽  
...  

AbstractSupervolcanoes like Toba Caldera, Sumatra, produce the largest eruptions on Earth. However, the magmatic conditions and processes during the period of recovery after catastrophic supereruptions, known as resurgence, are poorly understood. Here we use Bayesian statistical analysis and inverse thermal history modelling of feldspar argon-argon and zircon uranium-thorium/helium ages to investigate resurgence after the 74-thousand-year-old Youngest Toba Tuff eruption. We identify a discordance of up to around 13.6 thousand years between older feldspar and younger zircon ages. Our modelling suggests cold storage of feldspar antecrysts prior to eruption for a maximum duration of around 5 and 13 thousand years at between 280 °C and 500 °C. We propose that the solidified carapace of remnant magma after the Youngest Toba Tuff eruption erupted in a subsolidus state, without being thermally remobilized or rejuvenated. Our study indicates that resurgent uplift and volcanism initiated approximately 5 thousand years after the climactic caldera forming supereruption.


2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Sakaguchi ◽  
Hersh Gilbert ◽  
George Zandt

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Budd ◽  
Valentin R. Troll ◽  
Frances M. Deegan ◽  
Ester M. Jolis ◽  
Victoria C. Smith ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adonara E. Mucek ◽  
Martin Danišík ◽  
Shanaka L. de Silva ◽  
Axel K. Schmitt ◽  
Indyo Pratomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Winda Lestari Turnip

The topography of the Tampahan area which tends to be steep and dominated by tuff lithology can result in a landslide. The intensity of landslides and the resulting losses can be reduced by the analysis of landslide-prone areas in Tampahan. The administration of the area is located in Toba Samosir Regency, North Sumatra Province which is included in the Toba Caldera Region. Analysis of landslide-prone areas is carried out with five parameters namely slope, land use, morphological elevation, lithology, and rainfall. The data processed in this analysis comes from field data, DEMNas (National Digital Elevation Model), and other spatial data. Classification of each parameter and weighting based on literature is away in the analysis of landslide-prone areas of Tampahan. Then do each parameter overlay to get the value of landslide-prone and distinguished based on the calculation of the landslide class interval. The results are divided into five classes that are prone to landslides, namely classes not prone (1-1,8), rather prone (1,8-2,6), quite prone (2,6-3,4), prone (3,4-4,2), and very prone (4,2-5). Based on the analysis that has been done, some areas are very prone to landslides in the southeast while areas that are not prone to landslides are in the southwest of the study area. Therefore, landslide-prone studies are categorized as high landslides with almost 60% coverage of the study area.


Eos ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Witman

A mineral-dating project at the Toba caldera in Indonesia sheds light on the science of supereruptions.


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