Reclaiming River-Bottom Lands

doi:10.1126/science.77.1989.7.s

Analysis of Spatial Variability of River Bottom Sediment Pollution with Heavy Metals and Assessment of Potential Ecological Hazard for the Warta River, Poland

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11030327 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 327

Author(s):

Joanna Jaskuła ◽

Mariusz Sojka ◽

Michał Fiedler ◽

Rafał Wróżyński

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Bottom Sediment ◽

Bottom Sediments ◽

Risk Index ◽

Point Sources ◽

Sediment Pollution ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Effect Concentration ◽

Ecological Hazard ◽

River Bottom

Pollution of river bottom sediments with heavy metals (HMs) has emerged as a main environmental issue related to intensive anthropopressure on the water environment. In this context, the risk of harmful effects of the HMs presence in the bottom sediments of the Warta River, the third longest river in Poland, has been assessed. The concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the river bottom sediments collected at 24 sample collection stations along the whole river length have been measured and analyzed. Moreover, in the GIS environment, a method predicting variation of HMs concentrations along the whole river length, not at particular sites, has been proposed. Analysis of the Warta River bottom sediment pollution with heavy metals in terms of the indices: the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), and Metal Pollution Index (MPI), has proved that, in 2016, the pollution was heavier than in 2017. Assessment of the potential toxic effects of HMs accumulated in bottom sediments, made on the basis of Threshold Effect Concentration (TEC), Midpoint Effect Concentration (MEC), and Probable Effect Concentration (PEC) values, and the Toxic Risk Index (TRI), has shown that the ecological hazard in 2017 was much lower. Cluster analysis revealed two main groups of sample collection stations at which bottom sediments showed similar chemical properties. Changes in classification of particular sample collection stations into the two groups analyzed over a period of two subsequent years indicated that the main impact on the concentrations of HMs could have their point sources in urbanized areas and river fluvial process.

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Fur Yield and Autumn Foods of the Raccoon in Illinois River Bottom Lands

Journal of Wildlife Management ◽

10.2307/3795778 ◽

1943 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Lee E. Yeager ◽

R. G. Rennels

Keyword(s):

Illinois River ◽

River Bottom

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Unique Three-River Bottom

Encyclopedia of Candlestick Charts ◽

10.1002/9781119202288.ch100 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 861-869

Keyword(s):

River Bottom

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Awifauna wodno-błotna środkowej Wisły w okresie lęgowym: wpływ działalności człowieka na rozmieszczenie, liczebność i bogactwo gatunkowe

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae ◽

10.21697/seb.2011.9.2.04 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 67-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dariusz Bukaciński ◽

Monika Bukacińska ◽

Arkadiusz Buczyński

Keyword(s):

Bird Species ◽

Natura 2000 ◽

River Channel ◽

River Valley ◽

Breeding Bird ◽

Breeding Sites ◽

Vistula River ◽

Breeding Habitats ◽

Natura 2000 Site ◽

River Bottom

The inventory of birds was conducted in the years 2005-2010 on the Vistula River section between Dęblin (388 km of the river) and Podwierzbie (435 km of the river). The study area includes a southern section of the European Ecological Natura 2000 Site in Poland PLB140004 „Middle Vistula River Valley” (IBA, PL083). In most areas the Vistula flows here within unregulated or relatively little modified riverbed, having features of natural, lowland, braided river. Sandy islands and braid bars within the main channel, steep banks, and old riparian afforestation create the unique breeding habitats of the Vistula River Valley. Especially the river channel habitats provide suitable breeding sites for many rare bird species, constituting some of them the key-breeding sites. There are, however, fragments of several kilometers, where people transformed the Vistula River in a more visible way (Table 1). These are, among others: an urban section within Dęblin boundaries (km 388-393 of the river), a fragment adjacent to Kozienice Power Plant (km 421-426), and the area, where since 2007 gravel for the industry has been mining from the river bottom (km 426-431). The aim of this inventory was the comparison of richness and abundance of breeding bird species associated directly with the river channel on fragments mentioned above. It will allow us to estimate soberly how very the intensity of human utilization of the river affects the distribution of avifauna of the Vistula, determining the richness and abundance of valuable and/or endangered species breeding in a given area.

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Method of installation into a natural water body of material of stocking of crayfish of the subfamily Astacinae Latreille, 1802, obtained in artificial conditiohs

Rybovodstvo i rybnoe hozjajstvo (Fish Breeding and Fisheries) ◽

10.33920/sel-09-2109-01 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 8-15

Author(s):

Elena Nikolaevna Alexandrova

Keyword(s):

Water Body ◽

Aquatic Vegetation ◽

Early Age ◽

Forest Zone ◽

Fine Mesh ◽

Planting Material ◽

European Part Of Russia ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Natural Water Body ◽

River Bottom

Results of experimental and analytical researches on restoration of stocks of crayfish of subfamily Astacinae Latreille, 1802 in water body of the Forest zone of the European part of Russia by introduction of larvae of the early stages received in artificial conditions are presented. Researches were conducted in 1995–2020 under programs of Rosrybhoz, Tver’rybhoz, the Russian Academy of agricultural sciences and the Ministry of the Science and Higher education of the Russian Federation. To restore the stocks of crayfish in the Tver Region, larvae of early age stages obtained under artificial conditions were placed in frame devices installed along the shore of the water body, covered with a fine-mesh netting with a small slit left near their bottom. The differences in the environment in the growing pond (fish farm pond) and in the larval introduction pond (Puiga River) were minimal. In devices filled with aquatic vegetation enriched with food organisms, the larvae had the opportunity to adapt to the new environment, find food organisms, and gradually get out through the slit into the water body. A survey of the results of this method of introducing of stocking material, carried out after 1.5–2 months, made it possible to establish the absence of larvae in the devices, and to find in the river backwater downstream a lot of larvae that grew up to the 6th age stage with a body length of 2 and more centimeters. The number of larvae in the backwater was established by calculation based on the results of an approximate calculation of their number per 165 copies/m² of the river bottom inhabited by crustaceans, the settlement area was 15.8 m². The number of found grown-up larvae allowed us to estimate approximately the survival rate of the universal planting material of cancer at least 36%.

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