scholarly journals Breaking up is hard to do: the complexity of the dinoflagellate chloroplast genome

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian C. Barbrook ◽  
Christopher J. Howe ◽  
R. Ellen R. Nisbet
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Genome

Recombinant Protein Production in Microalgae: Emerging Trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niaz Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Aamer Mehmood ◽  
Sana Malik
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Recombinant Proteins ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Chloroplast Transformation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nuclear Transformation ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Algal Chloroplast

: In recent years, microalgae have emerged as an alternative platform for large-scale production of recombinant proteins for different commercial applications. As a production platform, it has several advantages, including rapid growth, easily scale up and ability to grow with or without the external carbon source. Genetic transformation of several species has been established. Of these, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has become significantly attractive for its potential to express foreign proteins inexpensively. All its three genomes – nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplastic – have been sequenced. As a result, a wealth of information about its genetic machinery, protein expression mechanism (transcription, translation and post-translational modifications) is available. Over the years, various molecular tools have been developed for the manipulation of all these genomes. Various studies show that the transformation of the chloroplast genome has several advantages over nuclear transformation from the biopharming point of view. According to a recent survey, over 100 recombinant proteins have been expressed in algal chloroplasts. However, the expression levels achieved in the algal chloroplast genome are generally lower compared to the chloroplasts of higher plants. Work is therefore needed to make the algal chloroplast transformation commercially competitive. In this review, we discuss some examples from the algal research, which could play their role in making algal chloroplast commercially successful.

scholarly journals Complete Chloroplast Genome of Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi): Insights into Intraspecific Variation with an Isolated Northern Limit Population

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 884
Author(s):  
Shufen Chen ◽  
Wataru Ishizuka ◽  
Toshihiko Hara ◽  
Susumu Goto
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Japanese Larch ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Larix Kaempferi ◽  
Northern Limit ◽  
Complete Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Intraspecific Variations ◽  
Cpdna Markers

Research Highlights: The complete chloroplast genome for eight individuals of Japanese larch, including from the isolated population at the northern limit of the range (Manokami larch), revealed that Japanese larch forms a monophyletic group, within which Manokami larch can be phylogenetically placed in Japanese larch. We detected intraspecific variation for possible candidate cpDNA markers in Japanese larch. Background and Objectives: The natural distribution of Japanese larch is limited to the mountainous range in the central part of Honshu Island, Japan, with an isolated northern limit population (Manokami larch). In this study, we determined the phylogenetic position of Manokami larch within Japanese larch, characterized the chloroplast genome of Japanese larch, detected intraspecific variation, and determined candidate cpDNA markers. Materials and Methods: The complete genome sequence was determined for eight individuals, including Manokami larch, in this study. The genetic position of the northern limit population was evaluated using phylogenetic analysis. The chloroplast genome of Japanese larch was characterized by comparison with eight individuals. Furthermore, intraspecific variations were extracted to find candidate cpDNA markers. Results: The phylogenetic tree showed that Japanese larch forms a monophyletic group, within which Manokami larch can be phylogenetically placed, based on the complete chloroplast genome, with a bootstrap value of 100%. The value of nucleotide diversity (π) was calculated at 0.00004, based on SNP sites for Japanese larch, suggesting that sequences had low variation. However, we found three hyper-polymorphic regions within the cpDNA. Finally, we detected 31 intraspecific variations, including 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms, 8 simple sequence repeats, and 4 insertions or deletions. Conclusions: Using a distant genotype in a northern limit population (Manokami larch), we detected sufficient intraspecific variation for the possible candidates of cpDNA markers in Japanese larch.

scholarly journals The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Castanopsis sclerophylla (Lindl.) Schott (Fagaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 2848-2849
Author(s):  
Jing Miao ◽  
Yabo Wang ◽  
Yaoqin Zhang ◽  
Lili Tong ◽  
Gengguo Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Chloroplast Genome Sequence

scholarly journals The complete sequence of chloroplast genome from mango (Mangifera indica var GuiFei)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1916-1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichang Zhao ◽  
Aiping Gao ◽  
Jianfeng Huang ◽  
Ruixiong Luo
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Complete Sequence

scholarly journals The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Erigeron breviscapus and Erigeron multiradiatus (Asteraceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 3826-3827
Author(s):  
Zhong-Ji Li ◽  
Ying-Ying Liu ◽  
Cong-Wei Yang ◽  
Zi-Gang Qian ◽  
Guo-Dong Li
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Chloroplast Genome Sequence ◽  
Erigeron Breviscapus
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