scholarly journals Species-Specific Differences in the Susceptibilities of Biofilms Formed by Candida Bloodstream Isolates to Echinocandin Antifungals

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1520-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Woo Choi ◽  
Jong Hee Shin ◽  
Sook In Jung ◽  
Kyung Hwa Park ◽  
Duck Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Therapeutic Range ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACT The echinocandin susceptibilities of bloodstream Candida isolates growing in a biofilm was investigated. Within the therapeutic range of concentrations of each drug, caspofungin and micafungin were active against biofilms formed by Candida albicans or C. glabrata but not those formed by C. tropicalis or C. parapsilosis.

scholarly journals Molecular Diversity and Genetic Relatedness of Candida albicans Isolates from Birds in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
M. Domán ◽  
L. Makrai ◽  
Gy. Lengyel ◽  
R. Kovács ◽  
L. Majoros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Degree Of Separation ◽  
Avian Origin ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Unweighted Pair Group Method

AbstractThe molecular epidemiology of Candida albicans infections in animals has been rarely studied. In this study, multilocus sequence typing was used to characterise the genetic diversity and population structure of 24 avian origin C. albicans isolates collected from different birds with candidiasis and compared to human isolates. Fourteen diploid sequence types (DSTs) including six new DSTs were determined. Cluster analysis revealed that isolates grouped into 8 clades. Bird isolates mainly belonged to minor clades and Clade 15 with DST 172 was the most common (11 isolates; 45.8%). The remaining isolates were clustered into Clade 7 (5 isolates; 20.8%), Clade 10 (4 isolates; 16.6%), Clade 8 (2 isolates; 8.3%), Clade 4 (1 isolate; 4.2%) and Clade 16 (1 isolate; 4.2%). Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) and eBURST analyses showed that the genetic construction of avian origin C. albicans population is fairly diverse. Although species-specific lineages were not found, some degree of separation in the evolution of bird and human strains could be observed.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Protein Glycosylation Pathways in Humans and the Fungal PathogenCandida albicans

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Martínez-Duncker ◽  
Diana F. Díaz-Jímenez ◽  
Héctor M. Mora-Montes
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Protein Glycosylation ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
Species Specific

Protein glycosylation pathways are present in all kingdoms of life and are metabolic pathways found in all the life kingdoms. Despite sharing commonalities in their synthesis, glycans attached to glycoproteins have species-specific structures generated by the presence of different sets of enzymes and acceptor substrates in each organism. In this review, we present a comparative analysis of the main glycosylation pathways shared by humans and the fungal pathogenCandida albicans:N-linked glycosylation,O-linked mannosylation and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchorage. The knowledge of similarities and divergences between these metabolic pathways could help find new pharmacological targets forC. albicansinfection.

Structural analyses of PCNA from the fungal pathogen Candida albicans identify three regions with species‐specific conformations

FEBS Letters ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajivgandhi Sundaram ◽  
Kodavati Manohar ◽  
Shraddheya Kumar Patel ◽  
Narottam Acharya ◽  
Dileep Vasudevan
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Species Specific

scholarly journals Hospital Specificity, Region Specificity, and Fluconazole Resistance of Candida albicans Bloodstream Isolates

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1518-1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Pfaller ◽  
S. R. Lockhart ◽  
C. Pujol ◽  
J. A. Swails-Wenger ◽  
S. A. Messer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Specific Probe ◽  
Fluconazole Resistance ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Close Genetic Relationship

In a survey of bloodstream infection (BSI) isolates across the continental United States, 162 Candida albicans isolates were fingerprinted with the species-specific probe Ca3 and the patterns were analyzed for relatedness with a computer-assisted system. The results demonstrate that particular BSI strains are more highly concentrated in particular geographic locales and that established BSI strains are endemic in some, but not all, hospitals in the study and undergo microevolution in hospital settings. The results, however, indicate no close genetic relationship among fluconazole-resistant BSI isolates in the collection, either from the same geographic locale or the same hospital. This study represents the first of three fingerprinting studies designed to analyze the origin, genetic relatedness, and drug resistance of Candida isolates responsible for BSI.

scholarly journals Analysis of Telomerase in Candida albicans: Potential Role in Telomere End Protection

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 967-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunitha M. Singh ◽  
Olga Steinberg-Neifach ◽  
I. Saira Mian ◽  
Neal F. Lue
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Tetratricopeptide Repeat ◽  
Protein Subunit ◽  
Pathogenic Yeast ◽  
Telomere Capping ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Putative Orthologues

ABSTRACT Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase responsible for the maintenance of one strand of telomere terminal repeats. Analysis of the telomerase complex in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has revealed the presence of one catalytic protein subunit (Est2p/TERT) and at least two noncatalytic components (Est1p and Est3p). The genome of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans contains putative orthologues of all three telomerase components. Disruption of each homologue resulted in significant but distinct telomere dysfunction in Candida. Similar to S. cerevisiae, the Candida EST3 disruption strain exhibits progressive telomere loss over many generations, at a rate that is consistent with incomplete replication. In contrast, telomeres in both the Candida TERT and EST1 disruption strains can contract rapidly, followed by partial or nearly complete recovery, suggesting a defect in telomere “capping.” We propose that these two telomerase subunits may participate in the protection of chromosomal ends in Candida. Analysis of telomerase-mediated primer extension in vitro indicates that only the TERT protein is absolutely essential for enzyme activity. Our results support the conservation of telomerase protein components beyond the catalytic subunit but reveal species-specific phenotypic alterations in response to loss of individual telomerase component. We also identify potential homologues of Est1p in phylogenetically diverse organisms. The Est1p sequence family possesses a conserved N-terminal domain predicted to be structurally related to tetratricopeptide repeat-containing proteins.

scholarly journals The Functions of Mediator in Candida albicans Support a Role in Shaping Species-Specific Gene Expression

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e1002613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Uwamahoro ◽  
Yue Qu ◽  
Branka Jelicic ◽  
Tricia L. Lo ◽  
Cecile Beaurepaire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Gene Expression ◽  
Species Specific

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Changes in Patient-Related Factors from 1997 to 2009 in Clinical Yeast Isolates Related to Dermatology, Gynaecology, and Paediatrics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Czaika ◽  
Pietro Nenoff ◽  
Andreas Glöckner ◽  
Wolfgang Fegeler ◽  
Karsten Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
The One ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
One Fungus One Name ◽  
Associated Species

From 1997 to 2009, 1,862 dermatology, gynaecology, and paediatrics (DGP) associated clinical yeast isolates were analysed for species occurrence, specimen origin and type, (multi-) resistance pattern, and testing period. The top seven of the isolated DGP-associated species remained the same as compared to total medical wards, withCandida albicans(45%) as most frequent pathogen. However, the DGP wards and DGP ICUs showed species-specific profiles; that is, the species distribution is clinic-specific similar and however differs in their percentage from ward to ward. By applying the “one fungus one name” principle, respectively, the appropriate current taxonomic species denominations, it has been shown that no trend to emerging species from 1998 to 2008 could be detected. In particular the frequently isolated non-Candida albicansspecies isolated in the DGP departments have already been detected in or before 1997. As yeasts are part of the cutaneous microbiota and play an important role as opportunistic pathogens for superficial infections, proper identification of the isolates according to the new nomenclature deems to be essential for specific and calculated antifungal therapy for yeast-like DGP-related infectious agents.

scholarly journals A Stable Hybrid Containing Haploid Genomes of Two Obligate Diploid Candida Species

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1061-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uttara Chakraborty ◽  
Aiyaz Mohamed ◽  
Pallavi Kakade ◽  
Raja C. Mugasimangalam ◽  
Parag P. Sadhale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Loss ◽  
Comparative Genome Hybridization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genome Content ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Spheroplast Fusion ◽  
Stable Hybrid

ABSTRACTCandida albicansandCandida dubliniensisare diploid, predominantly asexual human-pathogenic yeasts. In this study, we constructed tetraploid (4n) strains ofC. albicansof the same or different lineages by spheroplast fusion. Induction of chromosome loss in the tetraploidC. albicansgenerated diploid or near-diploid progeny strains but did not produce any haploid progeny. We also constructed stable heterotetraploid somatic hybrid strains (2n+ 2n) ofC. albicansandC. dubliniensisby spheroplast fusion. Heterodiploid (n+n) progeny hybrids were obtained after inducing chromosome loss in a stable heterotetraploid hybrid. To identify a subset of hybrid heterodiploid progeny strains carrying at least one copy of all chromosomes of both species, unique centromere sequences of various chromosomes of each species were used as markers in PCR analysis. The reduction of chromosome content was confirmed by a comparative genome hybridization (CGH) assay. The hybrid strains were found to be stably propagated. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays with antibodies against centromere-specific histones (C. albicansCse4/C. dubliniensisCse4) revealed that the centromere identity of chromosomes of each species is maintained in the hybrid genomes of the heterotetraploid and heterodiploid strains. Thus, our results suggest that the diploid genome content is not obligatory for the survival of eitherC. albicansorC. dubliniensis. In keeping with the recent discovery of the existence of haploidC. albicansstrains, the heterodiploid strains of our study can be excellent tools for further species-specific genome elimination, yielding true haploid progeny ofC. albicansorC. dubliniensisin future.

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