scholarly journals Role of penicillinase plasmids in the stability of the mecA gene in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

1990 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Hiramatsu ◽  
E Suzuki ◽  
H Takayama ◽  
Y Katayama ◽  
T Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
The Stability

scholarly journals Dressed chicken as potential vehicle for spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Sokoto, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. FSO619
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A Musawa ◽  
Yusuf Yakubu ◽  
Bashiru Garba ◽  
Fatimah M Ballah ◽  
Hassan Abdurrahman Jibril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Resistance Screening ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Oxacillin Resistance ◽  
Chicken Carcass ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

Aim: To evaluate the role of dressed chicken in the spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Sokoto, Nigeria. Materials and methods: 190 chicken carcass rinsates were subjected to culture and biochemical analyses to isolate and identify MRSA. PCR was used to amplify mecA gene that is responsible for methicillin resistance. Results & conclusion: Culture and molecular analysis showed 19.5% (37/190) of the rinse had MRSA on oxacillin-resistance screening agar base (ORSAB) with 7.9% (15/190) possessing the mecA gene. Significant association (p = 0.044) exist between local-chicken and presence of MRSA, being twice more likely to have MRSA compared to exotic-chickens (odds ratio [OR] = 2.132). Results indicate possible role of dressed-chicken in the spread of MRSA. Authorities should regulate the sale and use of antibiotics by farmers, and enhance hygienic practices at slaughterhouses.

scholarly journals Mutation-Based Antibiotic Resistance Mechanism in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Tanveer Ali ◽  
Abdul Basit ◽  
Asad Mustafa Karim ◽  
Jung-Hun Lee ◽  
Jeong-Ho Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Ligand Docking ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Allosteric Site ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

β-Lactam antibiotics target penicillin-binding proteins and inhibit the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a crucial step in cell wall biosynthesis. Staphylococcus aureus acquires resistance against β-lactam antibiotics by producing a penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), encoded by the mecA gene. PBP2a participates in peptidoglycan biosynthesis and exhibits a poor affinity towards β-lactam antibiotics. The current study was performed to determine the diversity and the role of missense mutations of PBP2a in the antibiotic resistance mechanism. The methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from clinical samples were identified using phenotypic and genotypic techniques. The highest frequency (60%, 18 out of 30) of MRSA was observed in wound specimens. Sequence variation analysis of the mecA gene showed four amino acid substitutions (i.e., E239K, E239R, G246E, and E447K). The E239R mutation was found to be novel. The protein-ligand docking results showed that the E239R mutation in the allosteric site of PBP2a induces conformational changes in the active site and, thus, hinders its interaction with cefoxitin. Therefore, the present report indicates that mutation in the allosteric site of PBP2a provides a more closed active site conformation than wide-type PBP2a and then causes the high-level resistance to cefoxitin.

Role of interleukin-17 in a murine community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia model

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Shibue ◽  
Soichiro Kimura ◽  
Chiaki Kajiwara ◽  
Yoichiro Iwakura ◽  
Keizo Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Pneumonia

scholarly journals Detection of mecA gene by latex agglutination and its molecular analysis by PCR in methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (07) ◽  
pp. 1363-1370
Author(s):  
Aneela Khawaja ◽  
Iffat Javed ◽  
Sohaila Mushtaq ◽  
Saeed Anwar ◽  
Faiqa Arshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Agglutination Method ◽  
Resistant Strains

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a devastating question that is threatening the health globally. The extensive and indiscriminative use of antibiotics has evolved a notorious resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.  This resistance developed through possession of mecA gene, which codes for modified penicillin binding protein (PBP2a) and the emergent strain being labeled “methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus”. Conventional phenotypic techniques for detection of MRSA rely on standardization of cultural characteristics. The drawbacks of diagnostic error to report MRSA include: poor prognosis, expensive treatment, dissemination of multi-drug resistant strains and even treatment failure. Latex agglutination method can be adopted as a more accurate and quick strategy for rapid detection of methicillin resistance. Objectives: To compare detection of mecA gene in methicillin resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus by latex agglutination and PCR; by assessing the sensitivity and specificity of both methods. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-Sectional study. Setting: Pathology Department, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Period: From January 2015 to December 2015; according to standard operating procedures at Microbiology laboratory. Material & Methods: A total 713 consecutive, non-duplicate isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were processed. Methicillin resistance was determined using cefoxitin (30mg) by Kirby-Bauer method using CLSI guideline (2016), latex agglutination method; and PCR for mecA gene. Results: The results showed that out of 713 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 92 (12.90%) isolates were resistant to cefoxitin and were labelled as MRSA. majority MRSA isolates recovered from pus (44.57%) and wound swab (20.65%), followed by blood (13.04%), fluid (8.70%), CSF (4.35%), CVP (3.26%), HVS (3.26%) and tracheal secretion (2.17%). By latex agglutination method, 87 (94.50%) were positive for PBP2a; while on PCR mecA gene was detected only in 82 (89.10%) MRSA isolates. When assessed with PCR (gold standard) the sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of latex agglutination was 100% and 94.57%, respectively. Conclusion: Latex agglutination test can be employed as rapid and reliable diagnostic technique in MRSA isolates for mecA gene detection, where resources for molecular methods are inadequate. This can effectually lessen the misdiagnosis of resistant strains, and over/ ill-use of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Role of Purine Biosynthesis in Persistent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 (9) ◽  
pp. 1367-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Li ◽  
Wessam Abdelhady ◽  
Niles P Donegan ◽  
Kati Seidl ◽  
Ambrose Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Purine Biosynthesis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Aureus Infection

Evaluation of antibiotic resistance pattern and mecA gene frequency in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains collected from clinical specimens in Marand hospital and treatment centers, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Jafari-Sales ◽  
Zahra Sadeghi Deylamdeh ◽  
Afsoon Shariat
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide range of infections and as a multivalent pathogen is one of the causative agents of nosocomial and community infections. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from patients in hospitals and medical centers in Marand city and also to evaluate the presence of mecA gene. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 385 samples of S. aureus were collected from different clinical samples of patients in hospitals and medical centers of Marand city. S. aureus was identified using standard biochemical methods.  Methicillin resistance was determined by disk diffusion method in the presence of oxacillin and cefoxitin. The pattern of antibiotic resistance of the strains was determined by disk diffusion method and according to CLSI recommendation and also PCR method was used to evaluate the frequency of MecA gene. Results: In the present study, out of 385 samples of S. aureus, 215 (55.84%) samples were methicillin resistant. PCR results for mecA gene showed that 110 samples had mecA gene.  The highest antibiotic resistance was observed against penicillin (100%) and erythromycin (83.63%). Most MRSA were isolated from urine and wound samples. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant species and also the increase in antibiotic resistance of MRSA to various antibiotics.  Therefore, in order to prevent increased resistance to other antibiotics, it is recommended to avoid inappropriate use of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Synergism between β-Lactams and Glycopeptides against VanA-Type Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Heterologous Expression of the vanA Operon

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 3622-3630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Périchon ◽  
Patrice Courvalin
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Vancomycin Resistance ◽  
Glycopeptide Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Resistance Induction ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACT Vancomycin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus NY-VRSA and VRSA-5 is due to acquisition of a vanA operon located in a Tn1546-like element. The vanA gene cluster of NY-VRSA contained one copy of insertion sequences IS1251 and IS1216V relative to that of VRSA-5. As evidenced by the nature of the late peptidoglycan precursors and by quantification of d,d-peptidase activities, the vancomycin resistance genes were efficiently expressed in both strains. Study of the stability and inducibility of glycopeptide resistance suggested that low-level glycopeptide resistance of NY-VRSA was most probably due to plasmid instability combined with a long delay for resistance induction. The activity of combinations of vancomycin or teicoplanin with oxacillin against the four VanA-type S. aureus strains already reported was tested by single and double disk diffusion, E-test on agar alone or supplemented with antibiotics, the checkerboard technique, and by determining time-kill curves. A strong synergism against the four clinical isolates, with fractional inhibitory concentration indexes from 0.008 to 0.024, was reproducibly observed between the two antibiotics by all methods. These observations indicate that cell wall inhibitors of the β-lactam and glycopeptide classes exert strong and mutual antagonistic effects on resistance to each other against VanA-type methicillin-resistant S. aureus.

scholarly journals Absence of meca gene in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.O Olayinka ◽  
A.T Olayinka ◽  
A.F Obajuluwa ◽  
J.A Onaolapo ◽  
P.F Olurinola
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Methicillin Resistant
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