scholarly journals Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Hypersensitivity of clpP and clpB Mutants of Escherichia coli

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 4117-4121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumitra Rajagopal ◽  
Narasimhan Sudarsan ◽  
Kenneth W. Nickerson
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Uronic Acid ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Immunoblot Analysis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
Western Immunoblot Analysis

ABSTRACT We studied the hypersensitivity of clpP and clpB mutants of Escherichia coli to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Both wild-type E. coli MC4100 and lon mutants grew in the presence of 10% SDS, whereas isogenic clpP and clpB single mutants could not grow above 0.5% SDS and clpA and clpX single mutants could not grow above 5.0% SDS. For wild-type E. coli, cellular ClpP levels as determined by Western immunoblot analysis increased ca. sixfold as the levels of added SDS increased from 0 to 2%. Capsular colanic acid, measured as uronic acid, increased ca. sixfold as the levels of added SDS increased from 2 to 10%. Based on these findings, 3 of the 19 previously identified SDS shock proteins (M. Adamowicz, P. M. Kelley, and K. W. Nickerson, J. Bacteriol. 173:229-233, 1991) are tentatively identified as ClpP, ClpX, and ClpB.

Reductions of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium on Beef Trim by Lactic Acid, Levulinic Acid, and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Treatments

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
TONG ZHAO ◽  
PING ZHAO ◽  
DONG CHEN ◽  
RAVIRAJSINH JADEJA ◽  
YEN-CON HUNG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate

Studies were done at 21°C to determine the bactericidal activity of lactic acid, levulinic acid, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) applied individually and in combination on Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in pure culture and to compare the efficacy of lactic acid and levulinic acid plus SDS treatments applied by spray or immersion to inactivate STEC and Salmonella (107 CFU/cm2) on beef trim pieces (10 by 10 by 7.5 cm). Application of 3% lactic acid for 2 min to pure cultures was shown to reduce E. coli O26:H11, O45:H2, O111:H8, O103:H2, O121:H2, O145:NM, and O157:H7 populations by 2.1, 0.4, 0.3, 1.4, 0.3, 2.1, and 1.7 log CFU/ml, respectively. Treatment with 0.5% levulinic acid plus 0.05% SDS for <1 min reduced the populations of all STEC strains to undetectable levels (>6 log/ml reduction). Beef surface temperature was found to affect the bactericidal activity of treatment with 3% levulinic acid plus 2% SDS (LV-SDS). Treating cold (4°C) beef trim with LV-SDS at 21, 62, or 81°C for 30 s reduced E. coli O157:H7 by 1.0, 1.1, or 1.4 log CFU/cm2, respectively, whereas treating beef trim at 8°C with LV-SDS at 12°C for 0.1, 1, 3, or 5 min reduced E. coli O157:H7 by 1.4, 2.4, 2.5, or 3.3 log CFU/cm2, respectively. Spray treatment of beef trim at 4°C with 5% lactic acid only reduced the E. coli O157:H7 population by 1.3 log CFU/cm2. Treating beef trim at 8°C with LV-SDS for 1, 2, or 3 min reduced Salmonella Typhimurium by 2.1, 2.6, and >5.0 log CFU/cm2, respectively. Hand massaging the treated beef trim substantially reduced contamination of both pathogens, with no detectable E. coli O157:H7 or Salmonella Typhimurium (<5 CFU/cm2) on beef trim pieces treated with LV-SDS. Reduction of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium populations was enhanced, but bactericidal activity was affected by the meat temperature.

Efficacy of Levulinic Acid–Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate against Encephalitozoon intestinalis, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Cryptosporidium parvum

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
YNES R. ORTEGA ◽  
MARIA P. TORRES ◽  
JESSICA M. TATUM
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Encephalitozoon Intestinalis ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate

Foodborne parasites are characterized as being highly resistant to sanitizers used by the food industry. In 2009, a study reported the effectiveness of levulinic acid in combination with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in killing foodborne bacteria. Because of their innocuous properties, we studied the effects of levulinic acid and SDS at various concentrations appropriate for use in foods, on the viability of Cryptosporidium parvum and Encephalitozoon intestinalis. The viability of Cryptosporidium and E. intestinalis was determined by in vitro cultivation using the HCT-8 and RK-13 cell lines, respectively. Two Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolates were also used in the present study: strain 932 (a human isolate from a 1992 Oregon meat outbreak) and strain E 0018 (isolated from calf feces). Different concentrations and combinations of levulinic acid and SDS were tested for their ability to reduce infectivity of C. parvum oocysts (105), E. intestinalis spores (106), and E. coli O157:H7 (107/ml) when in suspension. Microsporidian spores were treated for 30 and 60 min at 20 ± 2°C. None of the combinations of levulinic acid and SDS were effective at inactivating the spores or oocysts. When Cryptosporidium oocysts were treated with higher concentrations (3% levulinic acid–2% SDS and 2% levulinic acid–1% SDS) for 30, 60, and 120 min, viability was unaffected. E. coli O157:H7, used as a control, was highly sensitive to the various concentrations and exposure times tested. SDS and levulinic acid alone had very limited effect on E. coli O157:H7 viability, but in combination they were highly effective at 30 and 60 min of incubation. In conclusion, Cryptosporidium and microsporidia are not inactivated when treated for various periods of time with 2% levulinic acid–1% SDS or 3% levulinic acid–2% SDS at 20°C, suggesting that this novel sanitizer cannot be used to eliminate parasitic contaminants in foods.

scholarly journals Plasmid Curing of Escherichia coli Cells with Ethidium Bromide, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate and Acridine Orange

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Zaman ◽  
MH Pasha ◽  
MZ Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Acridine Orange ◽  
Ethidium Bromide ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Plasmid Curing ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
I Cells

The plasmid eliminating abilities of acridine orange, ethidium bromide and sodium dodecyl sulfate were investigated on multi drug resistant Escherichia coli from urinary tract infection specimens. Three different concentrations of each curing agent (Et-Br, SDS and AO) were used. The frequencies of cured cells were 5.55 % (with 50 μg/ml) and 11.76 % (with 75 μg/ml) for acridine orange, 14.29 % (with 100 μg/ml), 21.05 % (with 100 μg/ ml), 17.65 % (with 125 μg/ml) for ethidium bromide and 7.4 % (with 10 % w/v) & 6.67 % (with 10 % w/v) for sodium dodecyl sulfate. However, no cured cells were obtained from 100 μg/ml acridine orange, 75 μg/ml ethidium bromide and 8 and 12 % SDS. Analysis of profiles of wild type and plasmid cured strains by electrophoresis yielded bands of varying sizes for wild type cells, but none were obtained for Et-Br cured cells. Acridine orange treated cells could eliminate only plasmids of 2.7 MDa and another smaller than 2 MDa. Key Words: Plasmid curing; Escherichia coli; Ethidium Bromide; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Acridine Orange. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v27i1.9165 BJM 2010; 27(1): 28-31

Inactivation of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Lettuce and Poultry Skin by Combinations of Levulinic Acid and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 928-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
TONG ZHAO ◽  
PING ZHAO ◽  
MICHAEL P. DOYLE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Chicken Feces

Four organic acids (lactic acid, acetic acid, caprylic acid, and levulinic acid) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were evaluated individually or in combination for their ability to inactivate Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Results from pure culture assays in water with the treatment chemical revealed that 0.5% organic acid and 0.05 to 1% SDS, when used individually, reduced pathogen cell numbers by ≤2 log CFU/ml within 20 min at 21°C. The combination of any of these organic acids at 0.5% with 0.05% SDS resulted in >7 log CFU/ml inactivation of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 within 10 s at 21°C. A combination of levulinic acid and SDS was evaluated at different concentrations for pathogen reduction on lettuce at 21°C, on poultry (wings and skin) at 8°C, and in water containing chicken feces or feathers at 21°C. Results revealed that treatment of lettuce with a combination of 3% levulinic acid plus 1% SDS for <20 s reduced both Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 populations by >6.7 log CFU/g on lettuce. Salmonella and aerobic bacterial populations on chicken wings were reduced by >5 log CFU/g by treatment with 3% levulinic acid plus 2% SDS for 1 min. Treating water heavily contaminated with chicken feces with 3% levulinic acid plus 2% SDS reduced Salmonella populations by >7 log CFU/ml within 20 s. The use of levulinic acid plus SDS as a wash solution may have practical application for killing foodborne enteric pathogens on fresh produce and uncooked poultry.

Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium DT 104 on Alfalfa Seeds by Levulinic Acid and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 2010-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
TONG ZHAO ◽  
PING ZHAO ◽  
MICHAEL P. DOYLE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Alfalfa Seeds

Studies were conducted to determine the best concentration and exposure time for treatment of alfalfa seeds with levulinic acid plus sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella without adversely affecting seed germination. Alfalfa seeds inoculated with a five-strain mixture of E. coli O157:H7 or Salmonella Typhimurium were dried in a laminar flow hood at 21°C for up to 72 h. Inoculated alfalfa seeds dried for 4 h then treated for 5 min at21°C with 0.5% levulinic acid and 0.05% SDS reduced the population of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium by 5.6 and 6.4 log CFU/g, respectively. On seeds dried for 72 h, treatment with 0.5% levulinic acid and 0.05% SDS for 20 min at 21°C reduced E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium populations by 4 log CFU/g. Germination rates of alfalfa seeds treated with 0.5% levulinic acid plus 0.05% SDS for up to 1 h at 21°C were compared with a treatment of 20,000 ppm of calcium hypochlorite or tap water only. Treatment of alfalfa seeds with 0.5% levulinic acid plus 0.05% SDS for 5 min at 21°C resulted in a >3.0-log inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella.

scholarly journals Detergent (sodium dodecyl sulfate) shock proteins in Escherichia coli.

1991 ◽  
Vol 173 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Adamowicz ◽  
P M Kelley ◽  
K W Nickerson
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Shock Proteins

Identification of the glpT -Encoded sn -Glycerol-3-Phosphate Permease of Escherichia coli , an Oligomeric Integral Membrane Protein

1982 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 1008-1021
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Larson ◽  
Günter Schumacher ◽  
Winfried Boos
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Gene Product ◽  
Active Transport ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Apparent Molecular Weight ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Active Transport System

A collection of hybrid plasmids carrying either the wild-type or mutated glpT gene was generated in vitro and used to characterize the glpT -dependent active transport system for sn -glycerol-3-phosphate in Escherichia coli K-12. Restriction endonuclease analysis and recloning of DNA fragments localized glpT to a 3-kilobase pair Pst I- Hpa I segment of DNA. Comparison of DNA carrying glpT-lacZ fusions with DNA carrying intact glpT allowed determination of the direction of transcription. Through characterization of the proteins synthesized by strains harboring hybrid plasmids carrying amber, missense, or deletion mutations in glpT , it was shown that glpT is a promoter-proximal gene in an operon consisting of at least two genes. The gene product of glpT , the sn -glycerol-3-phosphate permease, was found associated with the inner membrane. It could be solubilized by treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate at 50°C. Its molecular weight, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was dependent upon sample treatment before electrophoresis. The apparent molecular weight was 44,000 when membrane fractions were heated to 50°C; subsequent treatment at 95°C modified the protein such that it migrated faster (apparent molecular weight = 33,000). Several missense mutations in glpT were negatively dominant over wild-type glpT , indicating that the active form of the permease is multimeric. A gene (named glpQ ) promoter distal to glpT codes for a periplasmic protein. This protein had previously been named GLPT protein to indicate its relationship to the glpT gene. The present report demonstrates that it is not the gene product of glpT and is not required for active transport of sn -glycerol-3-phosphate.

Discrimination of live and dead cells of Escherichia coli using propidium monoazide after sodium dodecyl sulfate treatment

Food Control ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Takahashi ◽  
Yun Gao ◽  
Satoko Miya ◽  
Takashi Kuda ◽  
Bon Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Propidium Monoazide ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate

Some Properties of Ribosomes from Myxobacter 495

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1333-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Sendecki ◽  
Karel Mikulik ◽  
A. T. Matheson
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Base Composition ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diethyl Pyrocarbonate ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate

The ribosomes of Myxobacter 495 are similar to other bacterial ribosomes in that the 70 S monomer is made up of a 50 S subunit (containing 23 S and 5 S RNA) and a 30 S subunit (containing 16 S RNA). The base composition of the ribosomal RNA is very similar to that of E. coli. The Myxobacter 495 ribosomes contain nucleases that are not removed by washing with 1 M (NH4)2SO4 and which are relatively insensitive to inhibition by Macaloid or sodium dodecyl sulfate. Only in the presence of diethyl pyrocarbonate was it possible to isolate intact 16 S and 23 S RNA. The (NH4)2SO4-washed ribosomes were much less stable than the unwashed ribosomes due apparently to activation of a nuclease which was located mainly in the 30 S subunit.

Ubiquitin immunoreactivity shows several proteins varying with development and sporulation in the basidiomycete Coprinus cinereus

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1019-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tosaku Kanda ◽  
Nobuharu Tanaka ◽  
Tsuneo Takemaru
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Coprinus Cinereus ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gels ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Molecular Masses

Crude extracts of mycelia and basidiocarp primordia in the basidiomycete Coprinus cinereus were resolved on sodium dodecyl sulfate – polyacrylamide gels, and ubiquitin and several proteins were detected by immunoblotting with anti-ubiquitin antibody. The molecular masses of the proteins detected were 30 900, 28 600, 27 800, 26 300, 22 500, and 15 400 daltons, respectively. Relative levels of ubiquitin and the ubiquitin-immunoreactive proteins were measured in different stages of development. The levels of ubiquitin and most of the ubiquitin-immunoreactive proteins in basidiocarp primordium formation increased and in basidiocarp maturation decreased in cap and upper stipe, while in lower stipe became high except for the 27 800 dalton protein and ubiquitin. During sporulation, ubiquitin and all the ubiquitin-immunoreactive proteins tended to decrease in the cap of the young wild-type basidiocarp. The levels of 30 900 and 15 400 dalton proteins increased transiently at 6–10 h after the beginning of the last light period, while ubiquitin decreased markedly. No correlation was observed between changes in levels of the ubiquitin-immunoreactive proteins and the blocked stages in sporulation-deficient mutants.Key words: ubiquitin, development, sporulation, Coprinus.

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