scholarly journals Role of Autochthonous Filamentous Fungi in Bioremediation of a Soil Historically Contaminated with Aromatic Hydrocarbons

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D'Annibale ◽  
F. Rosetto ◽  
V. Leonardi ◽  
F. Federici ◽  
M. Petruccioli
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Soil Toxicity ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Lignin Peroxidases ◽  
Ph Conditions

ABSTRACT Nine fungal strains isolated from an aged and heavily contaminated soil were identified and screened to assess their degradative potential. Among them, Allescheriella sp. strain DABAC 1, Stachybotrys sp. strain DABAC 3, and Phlebia sp. strain DABAC 9 were selected for remediation trials on the basis of Poly R-478 decolorization associated with lignin-modifying enzyme (LME) production. These autochthonous fungi were tested for the abilities to grow under nonsterile conditions and to degrade various aromatic hydrocarbons in the same contaminated soil. After 30 days, fungal colonization was clearly visible and was confirmed by ergosterol determination. In spite of subalkaline pH conditions and the presence of heavy metals, the autochthonous fungi produced laccase and Mn and lignin peroxidases. No LME activities were detected in control microcosms. All of the isolates led to a marked removal of naphthalene, dichloroaniline isomers, o-hydroxybiphenyl, and 1,1′-binaphthalene. Stachybotrys sp. strain DABAC 3 was the most effective isolate due to its ability to partially deplete the predominant contaminants 9,10-anthracenedione and 7H-benz[DE]anthracen-7-one. A release of chloride ions was observed in soil treated with either Allescheriella sp. strain DABAC 1 or Stachybotrys sp. strain DABAC 3, suggesting the occurrence of oxidative dehalogenation. The autochthonous fungi led to a significant decrease in soil toxicity, as assessed by both the Lepidium sativum L. germination test and the Collembola mortality test.

Role of alterations in ca2+‐associated signaling pathways in the immunotoxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

1995 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna R. Davila ◽  
DeAnn P. Davis ◽  
Kerry Campbell ◽  
John C. Cambier ◽  
Letitia A. Zigmond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Characterization of a Dye-Decolorizing Peroxidase from Irpex lacteus Expressed in Escherichia coli: An Enzyme with Wide Substrate Specificity Able to Transform Lignosulfonates

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Laura Isabel de de Eugenio ◽  
Rosa Peces-Pérez ◽  
Dolores Linde ◽  
Alicia Prieto ◽  
Jorge Barriuso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Veratryl Alcohol ◽  
Dye Decolorization ◽  
Irpex Lacteus ◽  
Type D ◽  
Lignin Peroxidases

A dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP) from Irpex lacteus was cloned and heterologously expressed as inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli. The protein was purified in one chromatographic step after its in vitro activation. It was active on ABTS, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP), and anthraquinoid and azo dyes as reported for other fungal DyPs, but it was also able to oxidize Mn2+ (as manganese peroxidases and versatile peroxidases) and veratryl alcohol (VA) (as lignin peroxidases and versatile peroxidases). This corroborated that I. lacteus DyPs are the only enzymes able to oxidize high redox potential dyes, VA and Mn+2. Phylogenetic analysis grouped this enzyme with other type D-DyPs from basidiomycetes. In addition to its interest for dye decolorization, the results of the transformation of softwood and hardwood lignosulfonates suggest a putative biological role of this enzyme in the degradation of phenolic lignin.

scholarly journals Remediation of Anthracene-Contaminated Soil with Sophorolipids-SDBS-Na2SiO3 and Treatment of Eluting Wastewater

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2188
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Xiaofeng Wang ◽  
Lixiang Shi ◽  
Xianyuan Du ◽  
Zhansheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Elution Time ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Ring Opening Reaction ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The soil pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is serious in China, which not only affects the living and growing environment of plants and animals but also has a great impact on people’s health. The use of hydrophobic organic compounds to make use of surfactant ectopic elution processing is more convenient and cheaper as a repair scheme and can effectively wash out the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil. Therefore, we mixed sophorolipids:sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS):Na2SiO3 according to the mass ratio of 1:15:150. We explored the influencing factors of high and low concentrations of PAH-contaminated soil using a single factor test and four factors at a two-level factorial design. Then, the elution wastewater was treated by ultrasonic oxidation technology and the alkali-activated sodium persulfate technology. The results showed that: (1) In the single factor test, when the elution time is 8 h, the concentration of the compounded surfactant is 1200 mg/L, the particle size is 60 mesh, the concentration of NaCl is 100 mmol/L, and the concentration of KCl is 50 mmol/L, and the effect of the PAH-contaminated soil eluted by the composite surfactant is the best. Externally added NaCl and KCl salt ions have a more obvious promotion effect on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil; (2) in the interaction experiment, single factor B (elution time) and D (NaCl concentration) have a significant main effect. There is also a certain interaction between factor A (concentration agent concentration) and factor D, factor B, and factor C (KCl concentration); (3) the treatment of anthracene in the eluate by ultrasonic completely mineralizes the organic pollutants by the thermal and chemical effects produced by the ultrasonic cavitation phenomenon, so that the organic pollutants in the eluate are oxidized and degraded into simple environmentally friendly small molecular substances. When the optimal ultrasonic time is 60 min and the ratio of oxidant to activator is 1:2, the removal rate of contaminants in the eluent can reach 63.7%. At the same time, the turbidity of the eluent is significantly lower than that of the liquid after centrifugal separation, indicating that oxidants can not only remove the pollutants in elution water but also remove the residual soil particulate matter; and (4) by comparing the infrared spectrum of the eluted waste liquid before and after oxidation, it can be seen that during the oxidation process, the inner part of eluent waste liquid underwent a ring-opening reaction, and the ring-opening reaction also occurred in the part of the cyclic ester group of the surfactant, which changed from a ring to non-ring.

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