scholarly journals Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Nanoparticles and Aluminum Adjuvant Used as an Adjuvant with a Single Dose of Japanese Encephalitis Virus-Like Particles Provide Effective Protection from Japanese Encephalitis Virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigefumi Okamoto ◽  
Hironori Yoshii ◽  
Masaaki Matsuura ◽  
Asato Kojima ◽  
Toyokazu Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
Generation Vaccine ◽  
Particle Preparation

ABSTRACTTo maintain immunity against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a formalin-inactivated Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine should be administered several times. The repeated vaccination is not helpful in the case of a sudden outbreak of JEV or when urgent travel to a high-JEV-risk region is required; however, there are few single-injection JE vaccine options. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of a single dose of a new effective JE virus-like particle preparation containing the JE envelope protein (JE-VLP). Although single administration with JE-VLP protected less than 50% of mice against lethal JEV infection, adding poly(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles (γ-PGA-NPs) or aluminum adjuvant (alum) to JE-VLP significantly protected more than 90% of the mice. A single injection of JE-VLP with either γ-PGA-NPs or alum induced a significantly greater anti-JEV neutralizing antibody titer than JE-VLP alone. The enhanced titers were maintained for more than 6 months, resulting in long-lasting protection of 90% of the immunized mice. Although the vaccine design needs further modification to reach 100% protection, a single dose of JE-VLP with γ-PGA-NPs may be a useful step in developing a next-generation vaccine to stop a JE outbreak or to immunize travelers or military personnel.

scholarly journals A Lentiviral Vector Expressing Japanese Encephalitis Virus-like Particles Elicits Broad Neutralizing Antibody Response in Pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e0004081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélissanne de Wispelaere ◽  
Meret Ricklin ◽  
Philippe Souque ◽  
Marie-Pascale Frenkiel ◽  
Sylvie Paulous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Lentiviral Vector ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Virus Like Particles

scholarly journals Effects of the Japanese Encephalitis Virus Genotype V-Derived Sub-Viral Particles on the Immunogenicity of the Vaccine Characterized by a Novel Virus-Like Particle-Based Assay

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Sarah Honjo ◽  
Michiaki Masuda ◽  
Tomohiro Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
Genotype V

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is classified into five genotypes labelled I through V. Although the genotype V (GV) JEV was originally found and had apparently been limited in Malaysia for more than 50 years, its emergence in Korea and China has recently been reported. Therefore, the GV JEV might be spreading over new geographical regions as a cause of potential public health problems. However, it is unknown whether the currently available JEV vaccines are effective against the emerging GV strains. To investigate this issue, a novel virus-like particle-based neutralizing assay was developed in this study. By using this assay, the inactivated JEV vaccine used in Japan and the recombinant sub-viral particles (SVPs) bearing the E protein of the GV Muar strain were characterized for the immunogenicity against the GV JEV. Although the inactivated vaccine alone failed to elicit a detectable level of neutralizing antibodies against the GV JEV, the vaccine added with the Muar-derived SVPs induced relatively high titers of neutralizing antibodies, associated with the efficient Th1 immune responses, against the GV JEV. The results indicate that addition of the GV JEV-derived antigens may be useful for developing the vaccine that is universally effective against JEV including the emerging GV strains.

scholarly journals Detection of antibodies to Japanese encephalitis virus in the wild boars in Hiroshima prefecture, Japan

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 974-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. HAMANO ◽  
C. K. LIM ◽  
H. TAKAGI ◽  
K. SAWABE ◽  
M. KUWAYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Neutralization Test ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Hiroshima Prefecture ◽  
Infectious Cycle

SUMMARYSerum specimens were collected from 25 wild boars in Hiroshima prefecture located in the western region of Japan from November 2004 to February 2005. The sera were tested for antibodies to Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) by IgM capture and IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and plaque reduction neutralization test. Seventeen samples (68%) were positive for neutralizing antibody to JEV. All the neutralizing antibody-positive samples were positive for IgG-ELISA. One was also positive for IgM. The results indicate that approximately 70% of the wild boars were positive for anti-JEV antibody, and raises the possibility that wild boars may play a role in the infectious cycle of JEV in this region.

scholarly journals What are the implications of genetic variation for the control of Japanese encephalitis virus?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7A) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bish ◽  
Nicola Rose ◽  
Janet Daly
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Vaccine Protection ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
Dominant Genotype

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the leading cause of viral encephalitis worldwide. Annually it causes between 13,000 and 20,000 deaths mainly in South-East Asia. Vaccination programmes have drastically reduced the number of JEV cases however outbreaks do still occur. Recently G1 has overtaken G3 as the dominant genotype in most endemic countries and as all currently licensed vaccines are based on G3 it is necessary to evaluate the potential of emerging genotypes to break through current control measures. This project seeks to generate a virus-like-particle (VLP) neutralisation assay in order to investigate the potential for emergent or divergent genotypes of JEV to infect vaccinated individuals. Using this assay, we will evaluate the ability of vaccinee sera to neutralise emergent genotypes as well as to introduce a variety of SNPs that have been shown to enhance virulence and investigate whether any combination of these are able to invalidate vaccine protection. There is also concern that recombination between wild-type and live attenuated vaccine strains may occur in the vaccine setting which could result in rescue of the virulent potential of the attenuated virus. Evidence of this is being sought in silico using publicly available data and existing techniques. These data will provide a clearer picture of the nature of JEV in endemic areas and whether the current strategy of vaccination is sufficient to prevent naturally acquired infection in the long term or if other strategies must now be considered.

scholarly journals Complete protection for mice conferred by a DNA vaccine based on Japanese encephalitis virus P3 strain that is used to prepare the inactivated vaccine in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Wang ◽  
Xiaozheng Yu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xiaoyan Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Complete Protection ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Humoral Immune

Abstract Background The incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) has been dramatically reduced in China after the coverage of the vaccine. It is believed that the live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccine SA14-14-2 has contributed a lot. Another vaccine that seems to have faded out of the public is an inactivated vaccine based on the JEV P3 strain, which is still considered to have certain modifiability, such as being transformed into a DNA vaccine to improve its immunogenicity. Methods In this study, the protective efficacy induced by a Japanese encephalitis DNA vaccine candidate pV-JP3ME encoding pre-membrane (prM) and envelope (E) proteins of P3 strain in BALB/c mice. The prM/E genes of the JEV P3 strain were subcloned into vector pVAX1 (pV) to construct pV-JP3ME. Results The plasmid DNA was immunized BALB/c mice, high titers of IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody (nAb) against JEV were detected. The key cytokines in splenocytes upon stimulation with JEV antigens were secreted. Finally, complete protective efficacy was generated after challenge with the JEV P3 strain in mice. Conclusions The DNA vaccine pV-JP3ME based on JEV P3 strain in this study can induce specific humoral immune and cytokine responses in mice, and provide complete protection for mice against JEV.

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