scholarly journals Coordinated Expression of Tracheal Antimicrobial Peptide and Inflammatory-Response Elements in the Lungs of Neonatal Calves with Acute Bacterial Pneumonia

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 2950-2955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Caverly ◽  
Gill Diamond ◽  
Jack M. Gallup ◽  
Kim A. Brogden ◽  
Richard A. Dixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Response Elements ◽  
Coordinated Expression ◽  
Neonatal Calves ◽  
Highly Correlated

ABSTRACT Lung tissue removed from neonatal calves with acute Mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia showed that rapid up-regulation of the basal mRNA expression of tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP), NF-κB, and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 occurred after infection; TAP and interleukin 8 expression were highly correlated. This work suggests that the coordinated expression of β-defensin and inflammatory elements occurs during bacterial pneumonia.

scholarly journals Endothelium Activation during Severe Yellow Fever Triggers an Intense Cytokine-Mediated Inflammatory Response in the Liver Parenchyma

Pathogens ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Fábio Alves Olímpio ◽  
Luiz Fábio Magno Falcão ◽  
Marcos Luiz Gaia Carvalho ◽  
Jeferson da Costa Lopes ◽  
Caio Cesar Henriques Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Hepatic Parenchyma ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Negative Controls

Yellow fever (YF) is a pansystemic disease caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV), the prototype species of the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus, and has a highly complex host-pathogen relationship, in which endothelial dysfunction reflects viral disease tropism. In this study, the in situ endothelial response was evaluated. Liver tissue samples were collected from 21 YFV-positive patients who died due to the disease and five flavivirus-negative controls who died of other causes and whose hepatic parenchyma architecture was preserved. Immunohistochemical analysis of tissues in the hepatic parenchyma of YF cases showed significantly higher expression of E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and very late antigen-4 in YFV-positive cases than in flavivirus-negative controls. These results indicate that endothelium activation aggravates the inflammatory response by inducing the expression of adhesion molecules that contribute to the rolling, recruitment, migration, and construction of the inflammatory process in the hepatic parenchyma in fatal YF cases.

scholarly journals A transmigratory cup in leukocyte diapedesis both through individual vascular endothelial cells and between them

2004 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher V. Carman ◽  
Timothy A. Springer
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Oriented Parallel ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule 1

The basic route and mechanisms for leukocyte migration across the endothelium remain poorly defined. We provide definitive evidence for transcellular (i.e., through individual endothelial cells) diapedesis in vitro and demonstrate that virtually all, both para- and transcellular, diapedesis occurs in the context of a novel “cuplike” transmigratory structure. This endothelial structure was comprised of highly intercellular adhesion molecule-1– and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1–enriched vertical microvilli-like projections that surrounded transmigrating leukocytes and drove redistribution of their integrins into linear tracks oriented parallel to the direction of diapedesis. Disruption of projections was highly correlated with inhibition of transmigration. These findings suggest a novel mechanism, the “transmigratory cup”, by which the endothelium provides directional guidance to leukocytes for extravasation.

Inflammatory response of tracheobronchial epithelial cells to endotoxin

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (1) ◽  
pp. L86-L96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona B. Neff ◽  
Birgit Roth Z'graggen ◽  
Thomas A. Neff ◽  
Marina Jamnicki-Abegg ◽  
Dominik Suter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines

Respiratory epithelial cells play a crucial role in the inflammatory response in endotoxin-induced lung injury, an experimental model for acute lung injury. To determine the role of epithelial cells in the upper respiratory compartment in the inflammatory response to endotoxin, we exposed tracheobronchial epithelial cells (TBEC) to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Expression of inflammatory mediators was analyzed, and the biological implications were assessed using chemotaxis and adherence assays. Epithelial cell necrosis and apoptosis were determined to identify LPS-induced cell damage. Treatment of TBEC with LPS induced enhanced protein expression of cytokines and chemokines (increases of 235–654%, P < 0.05), with increased chemotactic activity regarding neutrophil recruitment. Expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was enhanced by 52–101% ( P < 0.0001). This upregulation led to increased adhesion of neutrophils, with >95% adherence to TBEC after LPS stimulation, which could be blocked by either ICAM-1 (69%) or VCAM-1 antibodies (55%) ( P < 0.05). Enhanced neutrophil-induced necrosis of TBEC was observed when TBEC were exposed to LPS. Reduced neutrophil adherence by ICAM-1 or VCAM-1 antibodies resulted in significantly lower TBEC death (52 and 34%, respectively, P < 0.05). Therefore, tight adherence of neutrophils to TBEC appears to promote epithelial cell killing. In addition to indirect effector cell-induced TBEC death, direct LPS-induced cell damage was seen with increased apoptosis rate in LPS-stimulated TBEC (36% increase of caspase-3, P < 0.01). These data provide evidence that LPS induces TBEC killing in a necrosis- and apoptosis-dependent manner.

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