scholarly journals Pooling Urine Samples for Ligase Chain Reaction Screening for Genital Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Asymptomatic Women

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Kacena ◽  
Sean B. Quinn ◽  
M. René Howell ◽  
Guillermo E. Madico ◽  
Thomas C. Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Ligase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Population Prevalence ◽  
Pooled Samples ◽  
Asymptomatic Women ◽  
Urine Specimens

The accuracy of pooling urine samples for the detection of genitalChlamydia trachomatis infection by ligase chain reaction (LCR) was examined. A model was also developed to determine the number of samples to be pooled for optimal cost savings at various population prevalences. Estimated costs included technician time, laboratory consumables, and assay costs of testing pooled samples and retesting individual specimens from presumptive positive pools. Estimation of population prevalence based on the pooled LCR results was also applied. After individual urine specimens were processed, 568 specimens were pooled by 4 into 142 pools and another 520 specimens were pooled by 10 into 52 pools. For comparison, all 1,088 urine specimens were tested individually. The sample-to-cut-off ratio was lowered from 1.0 to 0.2 for pooled samples, after a pilot study which tested 148 samples pooled by 4 was conducted. The pooling algorithm was 100% (48 of 48) sensitive when samples were pooled by 4 and 98.4% (61 of 62) sensitive when samples were pooled by 10. Although 2.0% (2 of 99) of the negative pools of 4 and 7.1% (1 of 14) of the negative pools of 10 tested presumptive positive, all samples in these presumptive-positive pools were negative when retested individually, making the pooling algorithm 100% specific. In a population with 8% genital C. trachomatis prevalence, pooling by four would reduce costs by 39%. The model demonstrated that with a lower prevalence of 2%, pooling eight samples would reduce costs by 59%. Pooling urine samples for detection of C. trachomatis by LCR is sensitive, specific, and cost saving compared to testing individual samples.

scholarly journals Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in urine samples from men and women by ligase chain reaction.

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 2042-2047 ◽  
Author(s):  
G J van Doornum ◽  
M Buimer ◽  
M Prins ◽  
C J Henquet ◽  
R A Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ligase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Abbott LCx Ligase Chain Reaction Assay for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Urine and Genital Swab Specimens from a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic Population

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1630-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen C. Carroll ◽  
William E. Aldeen ◽  
Michael Morrison ◽  
Roberta Anderson ◽  
Deborah Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Positive Result ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Ligase Chain Reaction ◽  
Pilin Gene ◽  
Urine Specimens

The Abbott LCx ligase chain reaction (LCR) assay for the simultaneous detection of Chlamydia trachomatis andNeisseria gonorrhoeae was evaluated by using swab and urine specimens from 562 patients. C. trachomatis results by LCR were compared to those by the Gen-Probe PACE 2 assay, whereas N. gonorrhoeae results by LCR were compared to those by culture. The Gen-Probe and LCR assays were performed according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Gram-negative diplococci growing on modified Thayer-Martin medium were confirmed as N. gonorrhoeae by the GonoGen II assay. Supplemental data analysis was performed by major outer membrane protein PCR for C. trachomatis and probes for pilin gene detection for N. gonorrhoeae. A true-positive result for each pathogen was defined as a positive result for all three or two of three assays. Overall agreement among the six assays was 94.8%. C. trachomatis prevalence was 16.2%; N. gonorrhoeae prevalence was 5.5%. The overall sensitivity and specificity, respectively, for each test (after supplemental data analysis) were as follows: for C. trachomatis, Gen-Probe, 65.9 and 100%; LCR on urine, 90.1 and 100%; LCR on swab specimens, 96.7 and 100%; and for N. gonorrhoeae, culture, 80.6 and 100%; LCR on urine, 93.5 and 99.8%; and LCR on swab specimens, 96.8 and 100%. For women, theN. gonorrhoeae culture was very insensitive compared to its performance in men (58.3 versus 94.7%, respectively). ForC. trachomatis, the Gen-Probe assay’s sensitivity was lower for men than for women (62.3 versus 71.1%, respectively). The sensitivity for C. trachomatis detection by LCR on urethral and cervical swab specimens was 96.2 and 97.4% for men and women, respectively. For men, swab results were slightly better than urine results for both pathogens (sensitivity for C. trachomatis in swab and urine specimens, 96.2 and 92.5%, respectively; sensitivity for N. gonorrhoeae in swab and urine specimens, 100 and 94.7%, respectively), while for women, cervical swabs were superior in sensitivity to urine samples for detecting C. trachomatis (swab, 97.4%; urine, 81.6%) and equivalent for N. gonorrhoeae (swab, 92.3%; urine, 91.6%). The LCx LCR appears to be both sensitive and specific for the detection of C. trachomatis andN. gonorrhoeae when performed on urine or genital swab samples. Swab samples had better sensitivity than urine samples for the detection of both pathogens.

scholarly journals Comparison of the ligase chain reaction with cell culture for the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women.

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
G L Ridgway ◽  
G Mumtaz ◽  
A J Robinson ◽  
M Franchini ◽  
C Carder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Ligase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection

scholarly journals Pooling of Urine Samples for Screening for Neisseria gonorrhoeae by Ligase Chain Reaction: Accuracy and Application

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 3624-3628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Kacena ◽  
Sean B. Quinn ◽  
Suzanne C. Hartman ◽  
Thomas C. Quinn ◽  
Charlotte A. Gaydos
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
School Students ◽  
Ligase Chain Reaction ◽  
Military Recruits ◽  
Specific Culture ◽  
Urine Specimens

The accuracy of detection of genital Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in pooled urine samples by ligase chain reaction (LCR) was examined in three populations. Firstly, urine specimens from 300 female military recruits (FMR) were tested by LCR individually and in pools of four and six. Secondly, 300 urine specimens from middle-school students (MSS) were tested individually by LCR, and then the processed specimens were stored frozen for subsequent testing in pools of 4 and 10. Thirdly, 600 frozen urine specimens from high-school students (HSS) were tested by using the LCR pooling algorithm, i.e., testing processed specimens in pools of four in one test unit dose, and retesting individual specimens from positive pools. Finally, the pooling algorithm results were compared to culture results for a subset of 344 students from the original 600 HSS from whom cervical or urethral samples were taken at the discretion of the school nurse practitioners. Compared to individual testing of specimens by LCR in the FMR population, the pooling-by-four algorithm was 100% sensitive (5 of 5) and 100% pool specific (70 of 70), and the pool-by-six algorithm was 100% sensitive (5 of 5) and 100% pool specific (45 of 45). In the MSS population, the pool-by-4 algorithm was 95.8% sensitive (23 of 24) and 100% (52 of 52) pool specific, and the pool-by-10 algorithm was 95.8% sensitive (23 of 24) and 100% (17 of 17) pool specific. In the subset of 344 HSS from whom endocervical or urethral specimens were collected for culture, 31 were positive by LCR in urine and 26 were positive by culture. After results discrepant between culture and LCR were adjudicated by a confirmatory LCR test, the pooling algorithm was 93.8% (30 of 32) sensitive and 99.7% (311 of 312) specific. Culture from these 344 HSS was 81.3% (26 of 32) sensitive. The pooling algorithm reduced the cost of the N. gonorrhoeae LCR assay by 60% compared to individual testing of the HSS specimens and was both sensitive and specific.

scholarly journals Genotyping of Chlamydia trachomatis in Urine Specimens Will Facilitate Large Epidemiological Studies

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 3077-3078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Servaas A. Morré ◽  
Robert Moes ◽  
Irene Van Valkengoed ◽  
Joan P. Boeke ◽  
Jacques T. M. van Eijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Ligase Chain Reaction ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Urine Specimens

The serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis-positive urine specimens (n = 81; as detected by PCR and ligase chain reaction) were successfully analyzed in 94% of cases byomp1 PCR-based RFLP analysis. The use of urine specimens and this simple and sensitive typing method will greatly facilitate epidemiological studies of C. trachomatis serovar distribution in asymptomatic C. trachomatis infections in both females and males.

scholarly journals Comparison of Performances of Two Commercially Available Tests, a PCR Assay and a Ligase Chain Reaction Test, in Detection of Urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis Infection

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1489-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirja Puolakkainen ◽  
Eija Hiltunen-Back ◽  
Timo Reunala ◽  
Satu Suhonen ◽  
Pekka Lähteenmäki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Ligase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Transport Medium ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic ◽  
Chain Reaction Test

The diagnostic performance of a PCR test (Roche Cobas Amplicor CT/NG Test) and that of a ligase chain reaction (LCR) test (Abbott LCxChlamydia trachomatis assay) were compared by using endocervical and urethral swab specimen culture as a reference test. First-void urine (FVU) and endocervical and urethral swab specimens were collected from 1,015 unselected patients attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic and a clinic for adolescents in Helsinki, Finland. Chlamydia trachomatis was cultured from samples from the endocervix or urethra. PCR was performed with fresh and frozen urine and the culture transport medium. LCR was performed with fresh and frozen urine and LCx swab transport medium. Diagnostic consistency and diagnostic accuracy were statistically tested. The test results were identical for 984 patients (97%). Discrepant results were observed for 31 patients. Overall, LCR and PCR showed excellent kappa coefficients of consistency for both swab and FVU specimens (0.93 and 0.95, respectively). Sixty-one patients (6%) were culture positive. Testing of FVU by LCR or PCR increased the overall positivity rates to 7.0 and 7.7%, respectively. While PCR of FVU detected the greatest number of C. trachomatis infections (sensitivity, 96.1%), for some PCR-positive FVU specimens the results could not be confirmed (specificity, 99.6%). PCR and LCR were more sensitive than culture (sensitivities, 92 and 93% versus 79% for culture) in the diagnosis of genital C. trachomatis infection. In conclusion, both tests can be recommended for use in the clinical laboratory and for the screening of asymptomatic C. trachomatis infections.

scholarly journals Use of the ligase chain reaction on urine of men and their female sexual partners for detection of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Rurnpianesi ◽  
Manuela Donati ◽  
Michelangelo La Placa ◽  
Massinzo Negosanti ◽  
Antonietta D'Antuono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Ligase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection
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