scholarly journals Role of rheumatoid factor in complement fixation and indirect hemagglutination tests for immunoglobulin M antibody to cytomegalovirus

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
N E Cremer ◽  
M Hoffman ◽  
E H Lennette
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test

Absorption of immunoglobulin M (IgM)-rheumatoid factor (RF) from serum samples by reaction with insolubilized gamma globulin reduced the complement-fixing (CF) antibody titer to cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen to less than 1:2 in the IgM fraction of some, but not all, sera. Thus, IgM-CF activity in some sera appeared to be due to specific IgM anti-CMV antibody and in other sera to complexes of IgM-RF with antiviral IgG antibody. Prozones were present in the CF tests on IgM fractions. Increasing the concentration of antigen from 2 to 4 U reduced the prozone titer by one or two double dilutions. This observation suggested that a competition for antigen may be operating at low dilutions of IgM antibody fractions. Removal of RF had little or no effect on the reaction of the IgM fraction of sera with CMV by the indirect hemagglutination test.

scholarly journals Analysis of antibody assay methods and classes of viral antibodies in serodiagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
N E Cremer ◽  
M Hoffman ◽  
E H Lennette
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Serum Specimen ◽  
Antibody Assay ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Apparent Reason ◽  
Assay Methods

Forty-nine serum pairs with antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV) were evaluated for rises in antibody titer (greater than or equal to fourfold) by indirect hemagglutination (IHA) and complement fixation (CF), using a freeze-thaw antigen (FT) and a glycine extract antigen (GE). In this sample CF-FT detected more rises in antibody titer than did CF-GE. IHA detected the least number. The apparent reason for stationary antibody titers with CF-GE and IHA was the presence of high antibody titers in the first serum specimen. Separation of immunoglobulin classes of 20 serum pairs by sucrose gradient centrifugation indicated that these antibodies with IHA were of the immunoglobulin M (IgM) class and those with CF-GE were of the IgG class. By separation of immunoglobulin classes, rises in IgG CMV antibody titers were seen with IHA, rises not observed in the whole serum because of high IgM antibody titers in the first serum specimen. Absence of rises in antibody titers with CF-FT was due in part to too early sampling of the second serum specimen (less than 21 days) and in part to an apparent inability of some individuals to respond with antibody reactive with FT antigen. CF-GE and CF-FT antibodies of the IgM class were detected in some sera, usually in specimens collected more than 10 days after the onset of symptoms. Although reactive with CMV antigen, the specificity of these IgM antibodies in relation to rheumatoid factor requires clarification.

scholarly journals Rheumatoid factor: a cause of fals positive histoplasmin latex agglutination

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
R W Oxenhandler ◽  
E H Adelstein ◽  
W A Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Cold Agglutinins ◽  
Clinical Records

Ten of thirteen patients with positive histolatex agglutination titers of 1:32 or greater had no evidence of acute histoplasmosis.Three of these false positives had rheumatoid arthritis. A fourth had a rising mycoplasma complement fixation titer, and the fifth had a high titer of cold agglutinins. All of these are associated with abnormal immunoglobulin M production. To evaluate the role of rheumatoid factor in producing false positive histolatex agglutination, the histolatex test was performed on sera from 32 patients having rheumatoid factor at a titer of 1:40 or greater. Four of these sera agglutinated the histoplasmin-coated latex particles at titers of 1:32 or greater. Review of clinical records suggests the this reactivity is nonspecific. It is our purpose to call attention to rheumatoic factor as a cause of false positive histolatex agglutination.

scholarly journals COMPLEMENT FIXATION BY A TWO-COMPONENT ANTIBODY SYSTEM: IMMUNOGLOBULIN G AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN M ANTI-GLOBULIN (RHEUMATOID FACTOR)

1970 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank R. Schmid ◽  
Ivan M. Roitt ◽  
Maria J. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Inhibitory Potency ◽  
Cell Agglutination ◽  
Igm Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Rabbit Igg

Complement-mediated lysis of sheep erythrocytes coated with optimal concentrations of rabbit IgG hemolysin was inhibited by euglobulin fractions from the sera of patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. That this was due to direct interaction with the IgG coat on the red cell rather than a nonspecific reaction with complement in the fluid phase was confirmed by controls using cells coated with IgM hemolysin. The inhibitory activity was recovered in purified IgM rheumatoid factor preparations and could be absorbed out with insoluble aggregated human IgG. The inhibitory potency of the rheumatoid factors correlated well with their sheep cell agglutination titers. Inhibition was not the result of physical aggregation of the erythrocytes by rheumatoid factor. Kinetic studies were consistent with the view that rheumatoid factor displaces C1q from its binding to IgG. Paradoxically, at suboptimal sensitizing concentrations of IgG hemolysin, rheumatoid factor enhances the fixation of complement. These results can be interpreted on the basis of the blockage of complement fixation by IgG and its replacement by a relatively weak direct fixation by the IgM rheumatoid factor. Thus, the interaction of RF with IgG generates only a limited ability to fix complement which, when contrasted with the fixation at suboptimal concentrations of IgG hemolysin alone, appears as net enhancement; when this is contrasted with fixation occurring with optimal concentrations of IgG, it appears as net inhibition.

scholarly journals Indirect hemagglutination test for human antibody to typhus and spotted fever group rickettsiae

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 430-437
Author(s):  
A Shirai ◽  
J W Dietel ◽  
J V Osterman
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Human Antibody ◽  
Spotted Fever Group ◽  
Rickettsia Rickettsii ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test

An indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test is described that uses glutaraldehyde-stabilized erythrocytes treated with a rickettsial erythrocyte-sensitizing substance obtained from Rickettsia typhi or Rickettsia rickettsii. The serological reagent was stable for at least 3 months at room temperature and 6 months at 4 C. It exhibited group specificity and no group cross-reactivity. At a minimum dilution of 1:40, acute and early convalescent epidemic and murine typhus antisera showed 86% positive reactors, whereas similar spotted fever antisera had 74% positive reactors. In comparison with the indirect fluorescent antibody test, the IHA procedure gave lower titers but showed comparable detection of seroconversion with most paired sera. The IHA test demonstrated significantly higher titers than the complement fixation test and was more sensitive than either the complement fixation or Weil-Felix test in identifying seroconversion. No agglutination was observed when sensitized erythrocytes were tested with rodent sera known to contain rickettsial antibodies.

scholarly journals Peptide-Based OspC Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Serodiagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 3474-3479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne J. Mathiesen ◽  
Michael Christiansen ◽  
Klaus Hansen ◽  
Arne Holm ◽  
Eva Åsbrink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Erythema Migrans ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

Sera from 210 patients with Lyme borreliosis (LB) were studied by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on a synthetic peptide (pepC10) comprising the C-terminal 10-amino-acid residues of OspC of Borrelia burgdorferi. We found that 36.3 and 45.0% of the serum samples from patients with erythema migrans (EM) and neuroborreliosis (NB), respectively, displayed immunoglobulin M (IgM) anti-pepC10 reactivities, while these samples rarely (≤8%) displayed IgG antibody reactivities. Sera from patients with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans did not contain anti-pepC10 antibodies. The diagnostic performance of this newly developed peptide ELISA was compared with those of an ELISA based on the full-length recombinant OspC protein (rOspC) and a commercially available ELISA based on theB. burgdorferi flagellum (Fla). The sensitivity of the IgM pepC10 ELISA was slightly lower (P < 0.04) than that of the rOspC ELISA for EM patients (36.3 versus 43.8%), while there was no difference for NB patients (45.0 versus 48.0%). However, the optical density values obtained by the pepC10 ELISA were generally higher than those obtained by the rOspC ELISA, leading to a significantly better quantitative discrimination between seropositive patients with NB and controls (P < 0.008). The specificity of the pepC10 ELISA was similar to those of the rOspC ELISA and the Fla ELISA for relevant controls including patients with syphilis and mononucleosis. Although the overall diagnostic sensitivity of the Fla ELISA was superior, 8.8 and 12.0% of the EM and NB patients, respectively, were antibody positive only by the pepC10 ELISA. Thus, use of a diagnostic test for LB based on the detection of IgM antibodies to pepC10 and Fla has increased sensitivity for the diagnosis of early LB.

scholarly journals Antibodies against Entamoeba histolytica in individuals with intestinal amoebiasis presenting cysts and/or trophozoites in the feces

1991 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-383
Author(s):  
Maria das Graças Carvalho ◽  
Semíramis Guimarães ◽  
Edward Felix Silva
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Intestinal Amoebiasis ◽  
Immunological Reactions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fixation Reaction ◽  
Positive Results

Serum samples were obtained from 154 individuals infected with Entamoeba histolytica (78 symptomatic and 76 asymptomatic). Twelve had trophozoites in the feces whereas 142 had only cysts. The sera were used to test the existence of antibodies anti-Entamoeba histolytica employing the Indirect Hemagglutination (IHA), Indirect Immunofluoresccnce (IFAT), Complement Fixation Reaction (CFR) and Counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP). For those individuals with trophozoites in their feces, 75.0 were positive by IHA and IFAT, 83.0 by CFR and 41.7 by CIEP. In individuals who had only cysts, positive results by the same tests were respectively, 5.6%, 12.0%, 19.0% and 5.6%. The difference in relation to the tilers of antibodies detected through IHA, IFAT, CFR and CIEP and in relation to the presence of trophozoites or cysts in the feces was significative for four immunological reactions when X², was employed (P < 0.05).

Comparison of three anti-coccidioides antibody enzyme immunoassay kits for the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 774-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Malo ◽  
Eric Holbrook ◽  
Tirdad Zangeneh ◽  
Chris Strawter ◽  
Eyal Oren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
High Risk Patient ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Igm Antibody ◽  
Detection Specificity

Abstract Coccidioidomycosis is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in endemic areas of the southwestern United States. Clinical presentations range from self-limited disease to severe, disseminated disease. As such, early and accurate diagnosis is essential to ensure appropriate treatment and monitoring. Currently available diagnostic testing has variable accuracy, particularly in certain patient populations, and new tests may offer improved accuracy for the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis. Serum samples from patients with coccidioidomycosis and controls were tested for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies using the MVista Coccidioides antibody detection EIA and two commonly used commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits: the IMMY Omega EIA and the Meridian Premier EIA. The sensitivity of the IgG antibody detection was 87.4% using the MVista test compared to 46.6% for IMMY and 70.9% for Meridian. The sensitivity for IgM antibody detection was 61.2% for the MVista test, 22.3% for IMMY and 29.1% for Meridian. For IgG antibody detection, specificity was 90% for the MVista EIA, 94.6% for IMMY, 96.4% for Meridian. For IgM antibody detection, specificity was 95.3% for the MVista test 98.2% for IMMY and 99.1% for Meridian. The MVista Coccidioides antibody EIA offers improved sensitivity, including among high-risk patient populations, for the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies in comparison to other currently available EIAs.

scholarly journals Age-dependent production of IgA and IgM autoantibodies against IgG2a in a colony of 129/Sv mice

1979 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 1519-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Van Snick ◽  
PL Masson
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Sheep Erythrocytes ◽  
Cba Mice ◽  
Age Dependent

Although much of the basic immunological work has been done with mice, little is known about anti-IgG autoantibodies in this species. Dresser (1, 2) has reported the occurrence, in CBA mice, of anti-IgG antibody (Ab)(1) detected by a hemolytic-plaque assay after stimulation with endotoxin or immunization against sheep erythrocytes. IgM rheumatoid factor has also been described in various strains of mice with a systemic lupus erythematosus-like disease (3). Recently, we have tried to induce anti-IgG in mice of the 129/Sv strain by inoculating autologous IgG. To our surprise, we found that the sera of all the animals had, before any inoculation, anti-IgG detectable by agglutination of particles coated with autologous IgG. The possibilities to investigate the mechanism of production and the biological role of this kind of Ab prompted us to undertake a study of the nature and specificity of the mouse anti-IgG.

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