scholarly journals Differential Signaling Networks Induced by Mild and Lethal Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Infections

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (20) ◽  
pp. 10248-10252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin C. Bowick ◽  
Susan M. Fennewald ◽  
Barry L. Elsom ◽  
Judith F. Aronson ◽  
Bruce A. Luxon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Pichinde Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ◽  
Host Determinants ◽  
Antiviral Compounds ◽  
Differential Signaling ◽  
The Family ◽  
Guinea Pig Model ◽  
Infections Diseases

ABSTRACT The family Arenaviridae includes several National Institutes of Allergy and Infections Diseases category A select agents which cause hemorrhagic fever. There are few vaccines available, and treatment is limited to ribavirin, which varies in efficacy. Development of new antiviral compounds has been hindered by a lack of understanding of the molecular basis of pathogenesis. We used two variants of Pichinde virus, one attenuated and one virulent in the guinea pig model, to delineate the host determinants which lead to either viral clearance or lethal disease. By analyzing protein level changes using pathway analysis, we have identified key intermediates which may be targets for therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Pathogen Dose in Animal Models of Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Infections and the Potential Impact on Studies of the Immune Response

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Bryce M. Warner
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Animal Models Of Disease ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ◽  
Immune Correlates ◽  
Clinical Drug Development ◽  
Wide Range

Viral hemorrhagic fever viruses come from a wide range of virus families and are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide each year. Animal models of infection with a number of these viruses have contributed to our knowledge of their pathogenesis and have been crucial for the development of therapeutics and vaccines that have been approved for human use. Most of these models use artificially high doses of virus, ensuring lethality in pre-clinical drug development studies. However, this can have a significant effect on the immune response generated. Here I discuss how the dose of antigen or pathogen is a critical determinant of immune responses and suggest that the current study of viruses in animal models should take this into account when developing and studying animal models of disease. This can have implications for determination of immune correlates of protection against disease as well as informing relevant vaccination and therapeutic strategies.

THE EFFECTS OF HEMORRHAGIC FEVER VIRUS INFECTION OF ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Lewis ◽  
P B Jahrling ◽  
B P Griffin ◽  
T M Cosgriff
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Lassa Fever ◽  
Leukotriene B4 ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Pichinde Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ◽  
Significant Change

Pichindé viral infection of strain 13 guinea pigs is a model for Lassa fever virus in humans. Infected animals show impaired platelet function and altered coagulation parameters. Human endothelial cells and the human endothe1ia1-1 ike cell line, EA926, were infected with Pichinde virus. Following infection, cultures were monitored by phase contract microscopy for cytopathic effect (CPE). Assays of supernatant were used to document viral growth and to measure those endothelial-produced components that might affect hemostasis. In addition, the cells were stimulated with phorbol ester (PMA), which stimulates the production of prostacyclin. Infection showed no noticeable effect on the endothelial cells or EA926 cells which were untreated with PMA. PHA-treated EA926 cells were subject to CPE. Factor VIII antigen was not significantly affected by viral infection, PMA treatment, or endotoxin exposure. The production of PGFl, measured as an estimate of prostacyclin synthesis, was dependent on the concentration of stimulating PMA. Infected cultures showed decreased responsiveness to PMA stimulation when infected by increasing concentrations of Pichindé. The most noticeable effect was noted when cultures were infected with a multiplicity of infection of 0.1 and 100 ng/ml PMA. Thromboxane B2 an estimate of thromboxane A2, showed no significant change. No detectable leukotriene C4 was produced and no significant change in leukotriene B4 was measured. The decreased prostacyclin production by the infected endothelial cells may indicate a role for the endothelium in the hemorrhagic syndrome that accompanies some viral diseases.

Comparative histopathology of two strains of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever virus infections in suckling hamsters *

1973 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 814-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy G. Terrell ◽  
Richard O. Spertzel ◽  
James L. Stookey ◽  
Ralph W. Kuehne
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

Recombinant nucleoprotein-based serological diagnosis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infections

2004 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Saijo ◽  
Qing Tang ◽  
Bawudong Shimayi ◽  
Lei Han ◽  
Yuzhen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Serological Diagnosis ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

Early serodiagnosis of acute human Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infections by novel capture assays

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Emmerich ◽  
Tatjana Avsic-Zupanc ◽  
Sadegh Chinikar ◽  
Ana Saksida ◽  
Corinna Thomé-Bolduan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

Serosurvey for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infections in ruminants in Katanga province, Democratic Republic of the Congo

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 858-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam A. Sas ◽  
Marc Mertens ◽  
Jean G. Kadiat ◽  
Isolde Schuster ◽  
Célestin P.S. Pongombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ◽  
Republic Of The Congo

scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Nairoviridae

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (8) ◽  
pp. 798-799
Author(s):  
Aura R. Garrison ◽  
Sergey V. Alkhovsky [Альховский Сергей Владимирович] ◽  
Tatjana Avšič-Županc ◽  
Dennis A. Bente ◽  
Éric Bergeron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ◽  
The Family

Members of the family Nairoviridae produce enveloped virions with three single-stranded RNA segments comprising 17.1 to 22.8 kb in total. These viruses are maintained in arthropods and transmitted by ticks to mammals or birds. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus is tick-borne and is endemic in most of Asia, Africa, Southern and Eastern Europe whereas Nairobi sheep disease virus, which is also tick-borne, causes lethal haemorrhagic gastroenteritis in small ruminants in Africa and India. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Nairoviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/nairoviridae.

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