Brucella abortus conjugated with a peptide derived from the V3 loop of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 induces HIV-specific cytotoxic T-cell responses in normal and in CD4+ cell-depleted BALB/c mice.

1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 3084-3092 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Lapham ◽  
B Golding ◽  
J Inman ◽  
R Blackburn ◽  
J Manischewitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell ◽  
V3 Loop ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell Responses ◽  
Cd4 Cell

scholarly journals Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Porphyrins

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 3917-3925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei N. Vzorov ◽  
Dabney W. Dixon ◽  
Jenna S. Trommel ◽  
Luigi G. Marzilli ◽  
Richard W. Compans
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Copper Chelate ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Env Protein ◽  
Cd4 Cell

ABSTRACT We have evaluated the anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity of a series of natural and synthetic porphyrins to identify compounds that could potentially be used as microbicides to provide a defense against infection by sexually transmitted virus. For assays we used an epithelial HeLa-CD4 cell line with an integrated long terminal repeat-β-galactosidase gene. For structure-activity analysis, we divided the porphyrins tested into three classes: (i) natural porphyrins, (ii) metallo-tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonate (metallo-TPPS4) derivatives, and (iii) sulfonated tetra-arylporphyrin derivatives. None of the natural porphyrins studied reduced infection by more than 80% at a concentration of 5 μg/ml in these assays. Some metal chelates of TPPS4 were more active, and a number of sulfonated tetra-aryl derivatives showed significantly higher activity. Some of the most active compounds were the sulfonated tetranaphthyl porphyrin (TNapPS), sulfonated tetra-anthracenyl porphyrin (TAnthPS), and sulfonated 2,6-difluoro-meso-tetraphenylporphine [TPP(2,6-F2)S] and its copper chelate [TPP(2,6-F2)S,Cu], which reduced infection by 99, 96, 94, and 96%, respectively. Our observations indicate that at least some of these compounds are virucidal, i.e., that they render the virus noninfectious. The active compounds were found to inhibit binding of the HIV type 1 gp120 to CD4 and also to completely inhibit the ability of Env proteins expressed from recombinant vectors to induce cell fusion with receptor-bearing target cells. These results support the conclusion that modified porphyrins exhibit substantial activity against HIV and that their target is the HIV Env protein.

scholarly journals Immunogenicity of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Polytope Vaccine Containing Multiple HLA A2 HIV CD8+ Cytotoxic T-Cell Epitopes

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 5320-5325 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Woodberry ◽  
J. Gardner ◽  
L. Mateo ◽  
D. Eisen ◽  
J. Medveczky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Recombinant Virus ◽  
Hiv Vaccine ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Escape Mutants ◽  
Hiv Type 1

ABSTRACT Compelling evidence now suggests that αβ CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have an important role in preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and/or slowing progression to AIDS. Here, we describe an HIV type 1 CTL polyepitope, or polytope, vaccine comprising seven contiguous minimal HLA A2-restricted CD8 CTL epitopes conjoined in a single artificial construct. Epitope-specific CTL lines derived from HIV-infected individuals were able to recognize every epitope within the construct, and HLA A2-transgenic mice immunized with a recombinant virus vaccine coding for the HIV polytope also generated CTL specific for different epitopes. Each epitope in the polytope construct was therefore processed and presented, illustrating the feasibility of the polytope approach for HIV vaccine design. By simultaneously inducing CTL specific for different epitopes, an HIV polytope vaccine might generate activity against multiple challenge isolates and/or preempt the formation of CTL escape mutants.

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