scholarly journals EXPLORING LINKS BETWEEN SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE AND COLOR IN COASTAL AREAS UNDER THE EFFECT OF SUBMARINE GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlio Caineta ◽  
◽  
Brian F. Thomas ◽  
Brian F. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Submarine Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Submarine Groundwater

scholarly journals Sea surface temperature estimation using remotely sensed imagery of Landsat 8 along the coastline of Tangier - Ksar Sghir region

2021 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 00096
Author(s):  
Imane Bourouhou ◽  
Farida Salmoun
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Thermal Pollution ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Temperature Estimation

Seawater temperature is an extremely important factor as it affects the ecological balance of marines ecosystems, the continental weather, and the earth's atmosphere. However, the pressure on both coastal and marine resources, the use of oceans as a wastes deposit, the increase of urbanization, and anthropogenic activities in coastal zones are all causes of thermal pollution. The degradation of water quality by any process that changes ambient water temperature constitutes a significant danger in many coastal areas in the world. The region of Tangier-Ksar Sghir overlooking the Mediterranean Sea is experiencing growth of population and increasing urbanization and human activities, in addition to the industrial and touristic activities along the coastline. These activities are the main sources of thermal pollution that have effects on human health and the environment in the region. So, it is very important to examine seawater temperature in order to protect the marine and coastal areas from thermal pollution. In the current study, an approach based on TIRS thermal band data was used to estimate sea surface temperature. The results showed a good correlation between in-situ measurements and the estimated values from Landsat8 images along the coastline of the study area.

scholarly journals Application of Stable Isotopes of Water to Study Coupled Submarine Groundwater Discharge and Nutrient Delivery

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duque ◽  
Jessen ◽  
Tirado-Conde ◽  
Karan ◽  
Engesgaard
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Submarine Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Submarine Groundwater ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Stable Isotopes Of Water ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorous

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD)—including terrestrial freshwater, density-driven flow at the saltwater–freshwater interface, and benthic exchange—can deliver nutrients to coastal areas, generating a negative effect in the quality of marine water bodies. It is recognized that water stable isotopes (18O and 2H) can be helpful tracers to identify different flow paths and origins of water. Here, we show that they can be also applied when assessing sources of nutrients to coastal areas. A field site near a lagoon (Ringkøbing Fjord, Denmark) has been monitored at a metric scale to test if stable isotopes of water can be used to achieve a better understanding of the hydrochemical processes taking place in coastal aquifers, where there is a transition from freshwater to saltwater. Results show that 18O and 2H differentiate the coastal aquifer into three zones: Freshwater, shallow, and deep saline zones, which corresponded well with zones having distinct concentrations of inorganic phosphorous. The explanation is associated with three mechanisms: (1) Differences in sediment composition, (2) chemical reactions triggered by mixing of different type of fluxes, and (3) biochemical and diffusive processes in the lagoon bed. The different behaviors of nutrients in Ringkøbing Fjord need to be considered in water quality management. PO4 underneath the lagoon exceeds the groundwater concentration inland, thus demonstrating an intra-lagoon origin, while NO3, higher inland due to anthropogenic activity, is denitrified in the study area before reaching the lagoon.

scholarly journals Scrutinizing Relationships between Submarine Groundwater Discharge and Upstream Areas Using Thermal Remote Sensing: A Case Study in the Northern Persian Gulf

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Aliakbar Nazari Samani ◽  
Mohsen Farzin ◽  
Omid Rahmati ◽  
Sadat Feiznia ◽  
Gholam Abbas Kazemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Submarine Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Topographic Wetness Index ◽  
Submarine Groundwater

Nutrient input through submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) often plays a significant role in primary productivity and nutrient cycling in the coastal areas. Understanding relationships between SGD and topo-hydrological and geo-environmental characteristics of upstream zones is essential for sustainable development in these areas. However, these important relationships have not yet been completely explored using data-mining approaches, especially in arid and semi-arid coastal lands. Here, Landsat 8 thermal sensor data were used to identify potential sites of SGD at a regional scale. Relationships between the remotely-sensed sea surface temperature (SST) patterns and geo-environmental variables of upland watersheds were analyzed using logistic regression model for the first time. The accuracy of the predictions was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) metric. A highly accurate model, with the AUC-ROC of 96.6%, was generated. Moreover, the results indicated that the percentage of karstic lithological formation and topographic wetness index were key variables influencing SGD phenomenon and spatial distribution in the northern coastal areas of the Persian Gulf. The adopted methodology and applied metrics can be transferred to other coastal regions as a rapid assessment procedure for SGD site detection. Moreover, the results can help planners and decision-makers to develop efficient environmental management strategies and the design of comprehensive sustainable development policies.

scholarly journals Impact of improved Sea Surface Temperature representation on the forecast of small Mediterranean catchments hydrological response to heavy precipitation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Senatore ◽  
Luca Furnari ◽  
Giuseppe Mendicino
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Precipitation Forecast ◽  
Sources Of Uncertainty ◽  
Operational Forecasting ◽  
Forecasting System

Abstract. Operational meteo-hydrological forecasting chains are affected by many sources of uncertainty. In coastal areas characterized by complex topography, with several medium-to-small size catchments, quantitative precipitation forecast becomes even more challenging due to the interaction of intense air-sea exchanges with coastal orography. For such areas, quite common in the Mediterranean basin, improved representation of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) space-time patterns can be particularly important. The paper focuses on the relative impact of different accuracy levels of SST representation on regional operational forecasting chains (up to river discharge estimates) over coastal Mediterranean catchments, with respect to other two fundamental options while setting up the system, i.e., the choice of the forcing GCM and the possible use of a three-dimensional variational assimilation (3DVAR) scheme. Two different kinds of severe hydro-meteorological events affecting the Calabria Region (Southern Italy) on 2015 are analysed using the atmosphere-hydrology modelling system WRF-Hydro in its uncoupled version. Both the events are modelled using the 0.25° resolution Global Forecasting System (GFS) and the ECMWF's 16 km resolution Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) initial and lateral atmospheric boundary conditions. For the IFS-driven forecasts, also the effects of the 3DVAR scheme are analysed. Finally, native initial and lower boundary SST data are replaced with data from the Medspiration Project by IFREMER/CERSAT, having a 24 hour time resolution and 2.2 km spatial resolution. Precipitation estimates are compared with both ground-based and radar data, as well as discharge estimates with stream gauging stations data. Overall, the experiments highlight that the added value of improved SST representation can be hidden by other more relevant sources of uncertainty, especially the choice of the General Circulation Model providing boundary conditions. Nevertheless, high-resolution SST fields show in most cases a not negligible impact on the simulation of the atmospheric boundary layer processes, modifying flow dynamics and/or the amount of precipitated water, therefore emphasizing that uncertainty in SST representation should be duly taken into account in coastal areas operational forecasting.

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