Pedogenesis in the Tundra Zone of Coastal Lowlands of Northeastern Siberia

Autumn Migration of Waders (Charadrii) at the Reda Mouth (N Poland) The migration of waders was investigated at the Reda mouth (Polish Baltic coast) between 1996 and 2001. During the study 496 counts were conducted in the period between 5 July and 5 October. The most numerous species observed were: the Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) - 39.5% and Dunlin (Calidris alpina) - 29.8% of all waders. Because of a variety of habitats in the Reda mouth region, among the waders staging numerously in the Reda mouth there were species typical both for coastal and inland habitat. It was shown that birds from tundra zone migrated later than those from more southern breeding areas, which was caused by much later beginning of egg laying in northern latitudes. Moreover, in the species from tundra zone, e.g. the Knot (Calidris canutus), Little Stint (C. minuta), Curlew Sandpiper (C. ferruginea), the migration of both age classes were well separated, whereas in those from more southern areas, e.g. the Little Ringed Plover (Charadius dubius), Common Sandpiper (Actitis hypoleucos), such difference was less pronounced and the period of common passage of adults and juveniles was much longer. A comparison of the obtained data on migration pattern with some other sites in Poland where regular counts were conducted showed several similarities and some discrepancies, which are discussed in the paper.

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Vegetation of the southern part of Bolshevik Island (Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago)

Vegetation of Russia ◽

10.31111/vegrus/2006.08.3 ◽

2006 ◽

pp. 3-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

N. V. Matveyeva

Keyword(s):

Coastal Plain ◽

Great Majority ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Tundra Zone ◽

Polar Desert ◽

Character Species ◽

Severnaya Zemlya ◽

Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago ◽

Desert Zone ◽

Ecological Range

Bolshevik Isl. is the one of the largest islands within the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago. It is situated in the southern part of the polar desert zone. In the course of three field work trips in 1997, 1998 and 2000 years 252 relevees were made in its southern part on three geomorphologic surfaces: coastal plain, inner upland close to glacier and ancient high river terraces. As the result 27 syntaxonomical units of different rank (15 associations, 2 subassociations, 2 variants, and 8 community types) were described using Braun-Blanquet approach. All syntaxa, except one, are new and mostly similar to communities described on Franz Josef Land. The problems were to put new syntaxa into the higher level units (including class) within the syntaxonomical hierarchy. The main bulk of syntaxa, both zonal and intrazonal ones, has to be preliminary placed into Salicetea herbaceae class although there is a lot of reasons to consider zonal syntaxa as a new class that is specific for the polar desert zone. In any case, there are no one syntaxon that can be referred to Loiseleurio-Vaccinietea class that combines zonal vegetation in the tundra zone. The wide ecological range of great majority of species as well as the changes of their intralandscape distribution compare to the tundra zone made additional difficulties in finding character and differential species. 340 species (vascular plants — 52, mosses — 97, liverworts — 41, lichens — 150), that compiles 73 % of the whole island flora and 84 % of its southern part, were recorded within the all relevees. Almost half of these (182) are very rare on the island and 127 species were met 1—2 times. There are 70 species with wide ecological range throughout all landscape types with such commonly distributed herbs as Saxifraga cernua, S. hyperborea and Stellaria edwardsii, mosses Polytrichastrum alpinum and Sanionia uncinata and lichen Stereocaulon rivulorum among these. Phippsia algida, the character species for snow bed communities, occurs in about 70 % of syntaxa. Useful for differentiation of syntaxa have been appeared 87 species. Few species with wide distribution within a landscape demonstrate their preference to a certain syntaxon by higher abundance (preferential character species). These are mostly bryophytes: mosses Bryum cryophilum and Grimmia torquata, and liverworts Gymnomitrion corallioides, Marsupella arctica and Scapania crassiretis. Cryptogam species predominate in the whole flora as well as in each syntaxon. The number of species varies from 12 to 70 per sample plots 5÷5 m and from 20 to 195 in different syntaxa. The richest in species (70 per community and about 190 for association) are zonal plant communities on the accumulative coastal plain in the region of Solnechnaya Bay, the poorest one, with 10 and 20 species consequently, is ass. Hygrohypno polari—Saxifragetosum hyperboreae that was described on the upland, close to glacier in the inner part of island.

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Swamp plant communities with Salix reptans Rupr. and S. lanata L. in the west of tundra zone of Taymyr Peninsula

Vegetation of Russia ◽

10.31111/vegrus/2003.05.28 ◽

2003 ◽

pp. 28-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. L. Zanokha

Keyword(s):

Plant Communities ◽

Species Group ◽

Intermediate Position ◽

Tundra Zone ◽

The West ◽

Diagnostic Species ◽

New Associations ◽

Mire Vegetation ◽

Humidity Gradient ◽

Ecological Regime

The 2 new associations, Carici stantis—Salicetum reptantis and Salico-Polemonietum acutiflori, are described within the all. Caricionstantis of the class Scheuchzerio-Caricetea fuscae R. Tx. 1937 for the northern belt of the typical tundra subzone of Taymyr. The diagnostic species group of the first syntaxon includes plants typical of sites with excessive watering. The ass. Carici stantis—Salicetum reptantis is restricted to bottoms or lower parts of the watershed and mountain terrace slopes. The ecological regime of these sites is subject to slight variations reflected in presence/ absence of certain species. Due to floristic differences, the association is subdivided into several subassociations which form a topographic-ecological series along the humidity gradient: epilobietosum palustris→ptilidietosum ciliaris→typicum→petasitetosum frigidi. The ass. Carici stantis—Salicetum reptantis is referred to the all. Caricionstantis which also includes the associations Meesiotriquetris—Caricetumstantis and Pooarcticae—Dupontietumfisheri (also described from the Ragozinka R. basin); the latter occur in the wet depressions between sloping hills and the flowing valleys, respectively. If compared to these two, the ass. Carici stantis—Salicetum reptantis is shown to hold an intermediate position between them. The ass. Salico-Polemonietum acutiflori with the 2 variants, Salix lanata and S. reptans, represents various variants of mire vegetation which have undergone zoogenic transformation (by lemmings). The stands size 1—1.5 m2 in space. The diagnostic species group comprises plants common of the wet mossy stream banks. The association is referred to the all. Caricion stantis, although many diagnostic species of the alliance are not present in its composition. When the new data are available, the association is probable to be separated into an independent alliance.

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Sedelnikovaea baicalensis (Lecanoraceae) — new lichen genus and species for Europe

Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii ◽

10.31111/nsnr/2018.52.2.407 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 407-416

Author(s):

T. V. Makryi

Keyword(s):

Central Asia ◽

Lichen Species ◽

Significant Part ◽

The Urals ◽

Southern Siberia ◽

Central Asian ◽

Northeastern Siberia ◽

Mountain Belts ◽

First Time ◽

Vast Range

Sedelnikovaea baicalensis, the Siberian-Central Asian lichen species, is recorded for the first time for Europe. Based on all the known localities, including those first-time reported from Baikal Siberia, the peculiarities of the ecology and distribution of this species are discussed, the map of its distribution is provided. It is concluded that the species was erroneously considered earlier as a Central Asian endemic. The center of the present range of this lichen is the steppes of Southern Siberia and Mongolia. Assumptions are made that S. baicalensis is relatively young (Paleogene-Neogene) species otherwise it would have a vast range extending beyond Asia, and also that the Yakut locations of this species indicate that in the Pleistocene its range was wider and covered a significant part of the Northeastern Siberia but later underwent regression. Based on the fact that in the mountains of Central Asia the species is found only in the upper mountain belts, it is proposed to characterize it as «cryo-arid xerophyte» in contrast to «arid xerophytes». A conclusion is made that the presence of extensive disjunctions of S. baicalensis range between the Southern Pre-Urals and the Altai-Sayan Mountains or the Mountains of Central Asia is unlikely; the lichen is most likely to occur in the Urals and most of Kazakhstan.

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The Chingandzha flora of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt

Palaeobotany ◽

10.31111/palaeobotany/2019.10.13 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 13-179

Author(s):

L. B. Golovneva

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Volcanic Belt ◽

Flowering Plants ◽

Sedimentary Deposits ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

Magadan Region ◽

Chukotka Volcanic Belt ◽

Systematic Composition ◽

Coastal Lowlands

The Chingandzha flora comes from the volcanic-sedimentary deposits of the Chingandzha Formation (the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt, North-East of Russia). The main localities of the Chingandzha flora are situated in the Omsukchan district of the Magadan Region: on the Tap River (basin of the middle course of the Viliga River), on the Kananyga River, near the mouth of the Rond Creek, and in the middle reaches of the Chingandzha River (basin of the Tumany River). The Chingandzha flora includes 23 genera and 33 species. Two new species (Taxodium viligense Golovn. and Cupressinocladus shelikhovii Golovn.) are described, and two new combinations (Arctopteris ochotica (Samyl.) Golovn. and Dalembia kryshtofovichii (Samyl.) Golovn.) are created. The Chingandzha flora consists of liverworts, horsetails, ferns, seed ferns, ginkgoaleans, conifers, and angiosperms. The main genera are Arctop teris, Osmunda, Coniopteris, Cladophlebis, Ginkgo, Sagenoptepis, Sequoia, Taxodium, Metasequoia, Cupressinocladus, Protophyllocladus, Pseudoprotophyllum, Trochodendroides, Dalembia, Menispermites, Araliaephyllum, Quereuxia. The Chingandzha flora is distinct from other floras of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt (OCVB) in predominance of flowering plants and in absence of the Early Cretaceous relicts such as Podozamites, Phoenicopsis and cycadophytes. According to its systematic composition and palaeoecological features, the Chingandzha flora is similar to the Coniacian Kaivayam and Tylpegyrgynay floras of the North-East of Russia, which were distributed at coastal lowlands east of the mountain ridges of the OCVB. Therefore, the age of the Chingandzha flora is determined as the Coniacian. This flora is assigned to the Kaivayam phase of the flora evolution and to the Anadyr Province of the Siberian-Canadian floristic realm. The Chingandzha flora is correlated with the Coniacian Aleeky flora from the Viliga-Tumany interfluve area and with other Coniacian floras of the OCVB: the Chaun flora of the Central Chukotka, the Kholchan flora of the Magadan Region and the Ul’ya flora of the Ul’ya Depression.

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