Rise of negative ions from an external source in the lower atmosphere under the action of the earth electric field: a one-dimensional model

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-340
Author(s):  
V. L. Bychkov ◽  
D. S. Maximov ◽  
N. P. Savenkova ◽  
A. V. Shobukhov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
External Source ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The Earth

scholarly journals Proton acceleration by fast electrons in laser–solid interactions

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. DAVIES
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Fast Electron ◽  
Proton Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Proton Acceleration ◽  
Fast Electrons ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Long Pulse ◽  
Laser Solid Interactions

The emission of high-energy protons in laser–solid interactions and the theories that have been used to explain it are briefly reviewed. To these theories we add a further possibility: the acceleration of protons inside the target by the electric field generated by fast electrons. This is considered using a simple one-dimensional model. It is found that for relativistic laser intensities and sufficiently long pulse durations, the proton energy gain is typically several times the fast electron temperature. The results are very similar to those obtained for proton acceleration by electron expansion into vacuum.

NONLINEAR TRANSPORT IN HYDROGEN-BONDED CHAINS: SOLITONS UNDER EXTERNAL FIELDS AND DAMPING

1994 ◽  
Vol 08 (08) ◽  
pp. 1033-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU.S. KIVSHAR ◽  
A.V. SAVIN ◽  
M.J. VELGAKIS ◽  
A.V. ZOLOTARYUK
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
Small Amplitude ◽  
Nonlinear Transport ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Envelope Solitons ◽  
Oscillating Solutions ◽  
Two Parameter ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

The longitudinal dynamics of protons in hydrogen-bonded chains is studied in the framework of a simple one-component one-dimensional model with a two-parameter doubly periodic symmetric on-site potential proposed by Zolotaryuk and Pnevmatikos (1990) under an external electric field and damping. The behavior of the ionic and bonding defects has been proved analytically and numerically to exhibit particle-like properties. Mobilities of the dc and ac driven defects have also been calculated with different methods. Small-amplitude oscillating solutions of breather and envelope solitons have been studied analytically and numerically.

Modelling Techniques in Applied Glaciology: Numerical Modelling of Avalanches

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 297-297
Author(s):  
G. Brugnot
Keyword(s):  
Finite Difference Method ◽  
Transverse Velocity ◽  
Longitudinal Velocity ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Reference Grid ◽  
The One ◽  
Near Future

We consider the paper by Brugnot and Pochat (1981), which describes a one-dimensional model applied to a snow avalanche. The main advance made here is the introduction of the second dimension in the runout zone. Indeed, in the channelled course, we still use the one-dimensional model, but, when the avalanche spreads before stopping, we apply a (x, y) grid on the ground and six equations have to be solved: (1) for the avalanche body, one equation for continuity and two equations for momentum conservation, and (2) at the front, one equation for continuity and two equations for momentum conservation. We suppose the front to be a mobile jump, with longitudinal velocity varying more rapidly than transverse velocity.We solve these equations by a finite difference method. This involves many topological problems, due to the actual position of the front, which is defined by its intersection with the reference grid (SI, YJ). In the near future our two directions of research will be testing the code on actual avalanches and improving it by trying to make it cheaper without impairing its accuracy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document