scholarly journals POS0644 AIR POLLUTION IS A PREDICTOR OF POOR RESPONSE TO BIOLOGICAL THERAPIES IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIDES

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 560.2-560
Author(s):  
G. Adami ◽  
D. Gatti ◽  
A. Fassio ◽  
O. Viapiana ◽  
A. Giollo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Biological Therapies ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Environmental Air ◽  
Discriminatory Capacity ◽  
Concentration Of Air Pollutants ◽  
Environmental Air Pollution

Background:There is increasingly evidence that environmental air pollution is associated with both development of chronic inflammatory arthritides (CIA). The role of air pollutants on the treatment response of CIA (including psoriatic arthritis [PsA] and ankylosing spondylitis [AS]) is still unclear.Objectives:The objective of the present study is to determine the association between the concentration of air pollutants and biological drug retention rates in CIA.Methods:We retrieved longitudinal data of patients affected by CIA on biological therapies and of the daily concentration of air pollutants in the Verona area. We designed a case-crossover study to compare the exposure to pollutants in the 30-day and 60-day periods preceding a drug switch or swap due to disease progression referent to the 30-day and 60-day periods preceding a visit with stable treatment for at least 6 months.Results:1,286 patients with CIA (888 with RA, 260 with PsA and 138 with AS) with 5,454 follow-up visits were included in the study. 13,636 daily air pollution records were retrieved. We found an exposure-dependent relationship between exposure to air pollutants and CRP serum levels in CIA. At PM10 exposures of >50 μg/m3 and >40 μg/m3 we found a 150% and 65% higher risk of having CRP above 5 mg/L respectively (OR 2.564, 95% CI 2.114-3.110 and OR 1.659, 95% CI 1.440-1.910, respectively.). If the threshold was set at >30 μg/m3 of PM10 (below the European Union health protection limit) we still found a 38% higher risk of having altered CRP (OR 1.383, 95% CI 1.206-1.588). Among CIA patients, 280 patients (21.7%) had at least 2 follow-up visits with at least one drug switch or swap due to drug inefficacy and one visit with stable treatment for at least 6 months, serving as our sample for the case-crossover study. We found that air pollutants concentrations were higher before a switch or swap due to drug inefficacy (Figure 1A). Figure 1B shows the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the prediction of switch or swap due to drug inefficacy. Discriminatory capacity of disease activity alone was the highest (AUC 0.841) but when the prediction model included the concentrations of air pollutants in the 60 days before the visit the discriminatory capacity increased (AUC 0.879).Figure 1.A) Mean concentrations of air pollutants in the 60-day period before switch or swap visit compared to the stable treatment visit. p <0.001 between all groups. B) Receiving operating characteristics (ROC) curves for the prediction of switch or swap due to drug inefficacyConclusion:We found that environmental air pollution was a determinant of poor response to biological treatment in a cohort of patients with CIA followed over a 5-year period. Intervention aimed to decrease the fossil combustion emissions might have beneficial effects on biologics persistence rate of patients with CIA.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Association between environmental air pollution and rheumatoid arthritis flares

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Adami ◽  
Ombretta Viapiana ◽  
Maurizio Rossini ◽  
Giovanni Orsolini ◽  
Eugenia Bertoldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Low Disease Activity ◽  
Exposure Response ◽  
Daily Concentration ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Environmental Air ◽  
Concentration Of Air Pollutants ◽  
Environmental Air Pollution

Abstract Objectives Environmental air pollution has been linked to the pathogenesis of RA. Nevertheless, evidence linking higher concentrations of air pollutants with the risk of RA reactivations is missing. The objective of the present study was to determine the association between RA flares and air pollution. Methods We collected longitudinal data of patients affected by RA and of the daily concentration of air pollutants in the Verona area. We designed a case-crossover study. We compared the exposure to pollutants in the 30-day and 60-day periods preceding an arthritic flare referent to the 30-day and 60-day preceding a low-disease activity visit. Results The study included 888 patients with RA with 3396 follow-up visits; 13 636 daily air pollution records were retrieved. We found an exposure–response relationship between the concentration of air pollutants and the risk of having abnormal CRP levels. Patients exposed to greater concentrations of air pollutants were at higher risk of having CRP levels ≥5 mg/l. Concentrations of CO, NO, NO2, NOx, PM10, PM2.5 and O3 were higher in the 60-day period preceding a flare. Conclusions We found a striking association between air pollution and RA disease severity and reactivations in a cohort of patients followed over a 5-year period. The exposure to high levels of air pollutants was associated with increased CRP levels and a higher risk of experiencing a flare of arthritis. This excessive risk was evident at very low levels of exposure.

scholarly journals Environmental Air Pollution Is a Predictor of Poor Response to Biological Drugs in Chronic Inflammatory Arthritides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Adami ◽  
Maurizio Rossini ◽  
Ombretta Viapiana ◽  
Giovanni Orsolini ◽  
Eugenia Bertoldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Biological Drugs ◽  
Environmental Air ◽  
Environmental Air Pollution

Role of Environmental Air Pollution in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn M. Leland ◽  
Zhenyu Zhang ◽  
Kathleen M. Kelly ◽  
Murugappan Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Environmental Air ◽  
Environmental Air Pollution

Abstract 434: Exposure To Air Pollutants And Mortality In Hypertensive Patients According To Demography: A 10 Year Case-crossover Study

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin C Wong ◽  
Wilson W Tam ◽  
Harry H Wang ◽  
Xiang Qian Lao ◽  
Mandy W Kwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Case Crossover

Background: Relatively few studies have explored the relationship between air pollution and cause-specific mortality among hypertensive patients. This study evaluated whether short term exposures to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), particulate matter <10 mm in diameter (PM10) were associated with higher risk of mortality among a large hypertensive patients. Methods: A total of 223,287 hypertensive patients who attended any public health-care services in Hong Kong and prescribed at least 1 antihypertensive agent for the first time between 2001 and 2005 were followed up until 2010. A time-stratified, bi-directional case-crossover design was adopted to study the association between environmental exposures and mortality outcomes. Results: For all-cause mortality, significant positive associations were observed for NO2 and PM10 at lag 0 to 3 days per 10 MIUg/m3 increase in concentration and the excess risks ranged from 1.187%- 2.501%. Significant positive associations were found for O3 at lag 1 and 2 days and the excess risks were 1.654% (95% C.I. 0.469%, 2.852%) and 1.207% (95% C.I. 0.025%, 2.404%), respectively. We found similarly positive associations between NO2 (excess risks: 1.786%-2.798%), PM10 (1.126%-1.847%), O3 (3.035%-3.355%) and mortality due to respiratory disease. In stratified analysis, these significant results were observed amongst those aged >65 years and in cold seasons only. Conclusions: Older hypertensive patients are susceptible to all-cause and respiratory disease-specific deaths from these air pollutants in cold weather. This implies urgent need for protective air pollution standards for this susceptible population.

scholarly journals Poor Air Quality and Its Association with Mortality in Ho Chi Minh City: Case Study

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
Hoang Ngoc Khue Vu ◽  
Quang Phuc Ha ◽  
Duc Hiep Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thu Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Thoai Tam Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Quality Modeling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Quality Modeling ◽  
Concentration Of Air Pollutants

Along with its rapid urban development, Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) in recent years has suffered a high concentration of air pollutants, especially fine particulate matters or PM2.5. A comprehensive study is required to evaluate the air quality conditions and their health impact in this city. Given the lack of adequate air quality monitoring data over a large area of the size of HCMC, an air quality modeling methodology is adopted to address the requirement. Here, by utilizing a corresponding emission inventory in combination with The Air Pollution Model-Chemical Transport Model (TAPM-CTM), the predicted concentration of air pollutants is first obtained for PM2.5, NOx, and SO2. Then by associating the pollutants exposed with the mortality rate from three causes, namely Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD), cardiopulmonary, and lung cancer, the impact of air pollution on human health is obtained for this purpose. Spatial distribution has shown a high amount of pollutants concentrated in the central city with a high density of combustion vehicles (motorcycles and automobiles). In addition, a significant amount of emissions can be observed from stevedoring and harbor activities, including ferries and cargo handling equipment located along the river. Other sources such as household activities also contribute to an even distribution of emission across the city. The results of air quality modeling showed that the annual average concentrations of NO2 were higher than the standard of Vietnam National Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality (QCVN 05: 2013 40 µg/m3) and World Health Organization (WHO) (40 µg/m3). The annual average concentrations of PM2.5 were 23 µg/m3 and were also much higher than the WHO (10 µg/m3) standard by about 2.3 times. In terms of public health impacts, PM2.5 was found to be responsible for about 1136 deaths, while the number of mortalities from exposure to NO2 and SO2 was 172 and 89 deaths, respectively. These figures demand some stringent measures from the authorities to potentially remedy the alarming situation of air pollution in HCM City.

scholarly journals Sources and Eco-toxicological Effects of Ultrafine Particle Matters

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 06008
Author(s):  
SHAN Huimei ◽  
LUO Linbo ◽  
WANG Shaopei ◽  
LIAO Danxue ◽  
ZHAO Chaoran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Ultrafine Particle ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Atmospheric Particulates ◽  
Environmental Air ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Environmental Air Pollution

Environmental air pollution has become an important threat to human health. As one of the major air pollutants, atmospheric particulates have received attention widely. In which, ultrafine particulate matters (UPM) with diameter below 0.1μm have become the main components of ambient air particulates, posing a serious threat to the health of the organism. Therefore, this paper investigated and summarized the research on ultrafine particles at home and abroad, systematically analysed the sources of UPM in ambient air, investigated its toxicological effects of ultrafine particles on the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, and central nervous system of organisms. This study will provide a theoretical reference for environmental air protection and pollution control in China.

Environmental Air Pollution, Emphysema and Ionized Air

1966 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
HURLEY L. MOTLEY ◽  
ROMAN YANDA ◽  
Motley
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Air ◽  
Ionized Air ◽  
Environmental Air Pollution
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