scholarly journals Fatal tuberculous meningitis in an infant presenting with seizures in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e243573
Author(s):  
Nisreen Khambati ◽  
Mimi Hou ◽  
Dominic Kelly ◽  
Rinn Song
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Paediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Neurologic Findings

A 5-month-old male child of European background presented with sudden onset of prolonged afebrile seizures. He was intubated and transferred to the paediatric intensive care unit where he displayed abnormal neurology and remained ventilated. Brain MRI showed basal leptomeningeal enhancement suggesting malignancy or infection. Subsequent cerebrospinal fluid results of lymphocytic pleocytosis and raised protein were suggestive of tuberculous (TB) meningitis and anti-TB treatment was commenced empirically. Positive TB microbiology was eventually confirmed on respiratory secretions. The infant continued to show abnormal neurologic findings and repeated neuroimaging showed a new extensive cerebral infarct. The infant was compassionately extubated and passed away. The father was later found to have pulmonary TB. This case is an important reminder of TB meningitis for countries where TB is uncommon. The importance of considering TB in any child with abnormal neurology and of taking prompt family histories to identify children at risk is highlighted.

scholarly journals Isolated velopalatine paralysis associated with parvovirus B19 infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 64 (3a) ◽  
pp. 603-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
João P. Soares-Fernandes ◽  
Ricardo Maré
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Positive Data ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Examination ◽  
Parvovirus B19 Infection

A case of isolated velopalatine paralysis in an 8-year-old boy is presented. The symptoms were sudden-onset of nasal speech, regurgitation of liquids into the nose and dysphagia. Brain MRI and cerebrospinal fluid examination were normal. Infectious serologies disclosed an antibody arrangement towards parvovirus B19 that was typical of recent infection. In the absence of other positive data, the possibility of a correlation between the tenth nerve palsy and parvovirus infection is discussed.

scholarly journals T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia presenting with sudden onset right oculomotor nerve palsy with normal neuroradiography and cerebrospinal fluid studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (mar26 1) ◽  
pp. bcr0120125685-bcr0120125685
Author(s):  
V. R. Bhatt ◽  
M. Naqi ◽  
R. Bartaula ◽  
S. Murukutla ◽  
S. Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy

scholarly journals Hemochromatosis Mutations, Brain Iron Imaging, and Dementia in the UK Biobank Cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Janice L. Atkins ◽  
Luke C. Pilling ◽  
Christine J. Heales ◽  
Sharon Savage ◽  
Chia-Ling Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Brain Iron ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Hfe Mutations ◽  
The Uk

Background: Brain iron deposition occurs in dementia. In European ancestry populations, the HFE p.C282Y variant can cause iron overload and hemochromatosis, mostly in homozygous males. Objective: To estimated p.C282Y associations with brain MRI features plus incident dementia diagnoses during follow-up in a large community cohort. Methods: UK Biobank participants with follow-up hospitalization records (mean 10.5 years). MRI in 206 p.C282Y homozygotes versus 23,349 without variants, including T2 * measures (lower values indicating more iron). Results: European ancestry participants included 2,890 p.C282Y homozygotes. Male p.C282Y homozygotes had lower T2 * measures in areas including the putamen, thalamus, and hippocampus, compared to no HFE mutations. Incident dementia was more common in p.C282Y homozygous men (Hazard Ratio HR = 1.83; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.72, p = 0.003), as was delirium. There were no associations in homozygote women or in heterozygotes. Conclusion: Studies are needed of whether early iron reduction prevents or slows related brain pathologies in male HFE p.C282Y homozygotes.

scholarly journals Six-year trend and risk factors of unsuccessful pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Thai Community Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakarn Charoensakulchai ◽  
Chaiyapun Lertpheantum ◽  
Chanapon Aksornpusitpong ◽  
Peeranut Trakulsuk ◽  
Boonsub Sakboonyarat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Treatment Quality ◽  
Intensive Phase ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
Unsuccessful Treatment

Abstract Objective Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite efforts to eliminate TB in Thailand, the incidence rate has declined slowly. This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of unsuccessful pulmonary TB treatment (failed, died and loss-to- follow up) in a community hospital in Chachoengsao Province, Thailand from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2019. Results A total of 487 patients were eligible for the study. The incidence of unsuccessful treatment was 21.67/100 population person year. Risk factors of unsuccessful pulmonary TB treatment were unemployment (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 3.12, 95%CI 1.41–6.86), HIV co-infection (AHR 2.85, 95%CI 1.25–6.46), previous history of TB (AHR 2.00, 95%CI 1.04–3.81), positive sputum AFB at the end of the intensive phase (AHR 5.66, 95%CI 2.33–13.74), and sputum AFB was not performed at the end of the intensive phase (AHR 18.40, 95%CI 9.85–34.35). This study can be utilized to improve prevention and intervention of TB treatment by strengthening public health system on treatment quality especially TB patient monitoring tools or methods easy for accessing to patients in communities.

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