scholarly journals Trends and risk factors of mortality and disability adjusted life years for chronic respiratory diseases from 1990 to 2017: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

BMJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. m234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochen Li ◽  
Xiaopei Cao ◽  
Mingzhou Guo ◽  
Min Xie ◽  
Xiansheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the temporal and spatial trends of mortality and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) due to chronic respiratory diseases, by age and sex, across the world during 1990-2017 using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.DesignSystematic analysis.Data sourceThe Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017.MethodsMortality and DALYs from chronic respiratory diseases were estimated from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 using DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool. The estimated annual percentage change of the age standardised mortality rate was calculated using a generalised linear model with a Gaussian distribution. Mortality and DALYs were stratified according to the Socio-demographic index. The strength and direction of the association between the Socio-demographic index and mortality rate were measured using the Spearman rank order correlation. Risk factors for chronic respiratory diseases were analysed from exposure data.ResultsBetween 1990 and 2017, the total number of deaths due to chronic respiratorydiseases increased by 18.0%, from 3.32 (95% uncertainty interval 3.01 to 3.43) million in 1990 to 3.91 (3.79 to 4.04) million in 2017. The age standardised mortality rate of chronic respiratory diseases decreased by an average of 2.41% (2.28% to 2.55%) annually. During the 27 years, the annual decline in mortality rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; 2.36%, uncertainty interval 2.21% to 2.50%) and pneumoconiosis (2.56%, 2.44% to 2.68%) has been slow, whereas the mortality rate for interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis (0.97%, 0.92% to 1.03%) has increased. Reductions in DALYs for asthma and pneumoconiosis have been seen, but DALYs due to COPD, and interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis have increased. Mortality and the annual change in mortality rate due to chronic respiratory diseases varied considerably across 195 countries. Assessment of the factors responsible for regional variations in mortality and DALYs and the unequal distribution of improvements during the 27 years showed negative correlations between the Socio-demographic index and the mortality rates of COPD, pneumoconiosis, and asthma. Regions with a low Socio-demographic index had the highest mortality and DALYs. Smoking remained the major risk factor for mortality due to COPD and asthma. Pollution from particulate matter was the major contributor to deaths from COPD in regions with a low Socio-demographic index. Since 2013, a high body mass index has become the principal risk factor for asthma.ConclusionsRegions with a low Socio-demographic index had the greatest burden of disease. The estimated contribution of risk factors (such as smoking, environmental pollution, and a high body mass index) to mortality and DALYs supports the need for urgent efforts to reduce exposure to them.

scholarly journals Global, Regional, National, and Subnational Big Data to Inform Health Equity Research: Perspectives from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 159-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Mokdad ◽  
George A. Mensah ◽  
Varsha Krish ◽  
Scott D. Glenn ◽  
Molly K. Miller-Petrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study

Objectives: Everyone deserves a long and healthy life, but in reality, health outcomes differ across populations. We use results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017) to report patterns in the burden of diseases, injuries, and risks at the global, regional, national, and subnational level, and by sociodemographic index (SDI), from 1990 to 2017.Design: GBD 2017 undertook a systematic analysis of published studies and available data providing information on prevalence, incidence, remission, and excess mortal­ity. We computed prevalence, incidence, mortality, life expectancy, healthy life expectancy, years of life lost due to prema­ture mortality, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life years with 95% uncertainty intervals for 23 age groups, both sexes, and 918 locations, including 195 countries and territories and subnational locations for 16 countries from 1990 to 2017. We also computed SDI, a summary indicator combining measures of income, education, and fertility.Results: There were wide disparities in the burden of disease by SDI, with smaller burdens in affluent countries and in specific regions within countries. Select diseases and risks, such as drug use disorders, high blood pressure, high body mass index, diet, high fasting plasma glucose, smoking, and alco­hol use disorders warrant increased global attention and indicate a need for greater investment in prevention and treatment across the life course.Conclusions: Policymakers need a com­prehensive picture of what risks and causes result in disability and death. The GBD provides the means to quantify health loss: these findings can be used to examine root causes of disparities and develop pro­grams to improve health and health equity.Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1): 159-172; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S1.159.

The Global Burden and Attributable Risk Factors of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in 204 Countries and Territories from 1990 to 2019: Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyi Yao ◽  
Xiangjie Lin ◽  
Fenglin Li ◽  
Jie Jin ◽  
Huafeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent subtype of leukemia in Western countries. Evaluation of the epidemiological characteristics of CLL is warranted, especially in the current context of global population aging. CLL data including incidence, mortality, and disability adjusted life-years (DALYs) were extracted and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Social-demographic index (SDI) was collected to investigate the impaction of social development degree on epidemiological trends and risk analysis. The global incidence of CLL has increased dramatically from 40,537 in 1990 to 103,467 in 2019. A high incidence has been achieved in males and elder people. Countries and territories with high SDI tended to have higher global burden than low-SDI region. Of the risk factors, high body mass index and smoking were the major contributors for CLL-related mortality and DALYs. In summary, the global CLL burden continues to rise over the past 30 years. Although most of the CLL incidence and death occurred in high-SDI regions, the CLL burden tends to grow rapidest in middle-SDI regions compared with high-/low-SDI regions. Therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention on taking further measures to alleviate the growing burden of CLL.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and burden of chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisiane Freitas Leal ◽  
Ewerton Cousin ◽  
Augusto Bacelo Bidinotto ◽  
Daniel Sganzerla ◽  
Rogério Boff Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Life Years

ABSTRACT: Introduction: In Brazil, little is known about the trends of chronic respiratory diseases, which was estimated as the third leading cause of deaths in 2017 worldwide. Methods: We analyzed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 estimates for prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), a summary measure of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs), and risk factors attributable to chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017. Results: The overall estimates have decreased for all ages and both sexes, and for age-standardized rates. For age-adjusted prevalence, there was a 21% reduction, and nearly 16% reduction for incidence. There was a 42% reduction in mortality for both sexes, though the rate of deaths for men was 30% greater than the rate in women. The increase in the number of DALY was essentially due to the population growth and population ageing. We observed a 34% increase in the absolute number of DALY in Brazil over the study period. The majority of the DALY rates were due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). For all ages and both sexes, smoking was the main attributable risk factor. Conclusion: In Brazil, although mortality, prevalence and incidence for chronic respiratory diseases have decreased over the years, attention should be taken to the DALYs increase. Smoking remained as the main risk factor, despite the significant decrease of tobacco use, reinforcing the need for maintenance of policies and programs directed at its cessation.

scholarly journals Global Burden of Respiratory Diseases Attributable to Ambient Particulate Matter Pollution: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wu ◽  
Ping Song ◽  
Shuai Lin ◽  
Ling Peng ◽  
Yizhen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Ambient Particulate Matter ◽  
Spatiotemporal Trends ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Particulate Matter Pollution

Background: Exposure to ambient particulate matter pollution (APMP) is a global health issue that directly affects the human respiratory system. Thus, we estimated the spatiotemporal trends in the burden of APMP-related respiratory diseases from 1990 to 2019.Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, data on the burden of APMP-related respiratory diseases were analyzed by age, sex, cause, and location. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to analyze the temporal trends in the burden of different respiratory diseases over the 30 years.Results: Globally, in 2019, APMP contributed the most to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with 695.1 thousand deaths and 15.4 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs); however, the corresponding age-standardized death and DALY rates declined from 1990 to 2019. Similarly, although age-standardized death and DALY rates since 1990 decreased by 24% and 40%, respectively, lower respiratory infections (LRIs) still had the second highest number of deaths and DALYs attributable to APMP. This was followed by tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer, which showed increased age-standardized death and DALY rates during the past 30 years and reached 3.78 deaths per 100,000 persons and 84.22 DALYs per 100,000 persons in 2019. Among children aged < 5 years, LRIs had a huge burden attributable to APMP, whereas for older people, COPD was the leading cause of death and DALYs attributable to APMP. The APMP-related burdens of LRIs and COPD were relatively higher among countries with low and low-middle socio-demographic index (SDI), while countries with high-middle SDI showed the highest burden of TBL cancer attributable to APMP.Conclusions: APMP contributed substantially to the global burden of respiratory diseases, posing a significant threat to human health. Effective actions aimed at air pollution can potentially avoid an increase in the PM2.5-associated disease burden, especially in highly polluted areas.

scholarly journals Burden of tobacco in Nepal: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2017

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e047847
Author(s):  
Gambhir Shrestha ◽  
Prabin Phuyal ◽  
Rabin Gautam ◽  
Rashmi Mulmi ◽  
Pranil Man Singh Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study

ObjectiveThis study systematically reviews the data extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study and sets out to assess the age-specific and sex-specific mortality and disability attributable to different forms of tobacco from 1990 to 2017, for Nepal.DesignThis cross-sectional study extracted data from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation’s Global Burden of Disease database, then was quantitatively analysed to show the trends and patterns of prevalence of tobacco use, deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to tobacco use from different diseases from the year 1990 to 2017 in Nepal.SettingNepal.ResultsIn between 1990 and 2015, the age-standardised prevalence of daily tobacco smoking decreased by 33% in males, 48% in females and 28% in both. By 2017, the age-standardised mortality rate and DALYs attributable to tobacco use, including any form, decreased by 34% and 41%, respectively, with tobacco smoking having the most contribution. However, the absolute number of deaths and DALYs increased by 39% and 3%, respectively. An increasing rate of deaths and DALYs attributable to tobacco was noted with an increase in age. Non-communicable diseases were responsible for most deaths and disabilities attributable to tobacco use.ConclusionThe prevalence of smoking along with the age-standardised mortality rate and DALYs shows a decreasing trend. However, attention should be made to implement a strong plan to control all forms of tobacco including secondhand exposure.

scholarly journals The burden of chronic respiratory diseases and their heterogeneity across the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e1363-e1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundeep Salvi ◽  
G Anil Kumar ◽  
R S Dhaliwal ◽  
Katherine Paulson ◽  
Anurag Agrawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Disease Study
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