Trends in adult cardiovascular disease risk factors and their socio-economic patterning in the Scottish population 1995-2008: cross-sectional surveys

Extreme chronotype and circadian disrupting work hours may increase nurse disease risks. This national, cross-sectional study of nurses ( N = 527) had three hypotheses. When chronotype and shift times are incongruent, nurses will experience increased likelihood of (1) obesity, (2) cardiovascular disease/risk factors, and (3) obesity or cardiovascular disease/risk factors when theoretically linked variables exist. Chronotype mismatched nurses’ ( n = 206) average sleep (6.1 hours, SD = 1.2) fell below 7–9 hours/24-hours sleep recommendations. Proportion of male nurses was significantly higher chronotype mismatched (12.3%) than matched (6.3%). Analyses found no direct relationship between chronotype match/mismatch with outcome variables. Exploratory interaction analysis demonstrated nurses with mismatched chronotype and above average sleep quality had an estimated 3.51 times the adjusted odds (95% CI 1.52,8.17; p = .003) of being obese. Although mechanism is unclear, this suggests sleep quality may be intricately associated with obesity. Further research is needed to inform nurses on health risks from disrupted sleep, chronotypes, and shift work.

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Association between serum uric acid and cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents in America: 2001-2018

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0254590 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0254590

Author(s):

Qiqi Shi ◽

Ran Wang ◽

Huifeng Zhang ◽

Yaping Shan ◽

Ming Ye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Tc ◽

Low Hdl

SUA is associated with cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults, including chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, and hypertension. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 11219 adolescents 12 to 18 years of age examined in the 2001–2018 National health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We examined the association between SUA and CVD risk factors. The overall mean SUA level was 5.00±1.24mg/dl. Restricted cubic spline analysis results revealed SUA was inversely associated with HDL-C and SPISE and positively associated with TC, TG, LDL-C, nonHDL-C, insulin, SBP and DBP after full adjustment. Multiple logistic analyses showed SUA level was independently associated with high TC, high TG, high nonHDL-C and low HDL-C (all p<0.05). Furthermore, females in the highest quartile of SUA had significantly higher odds for elevated BP (OR = 2.38, 95%CI:1.02–5.54, P<0.05) and high TC (OR = 2.22, 95%CI: 1.49–3.30, P<0.001), which not observed in males. Increased levels of SUA were associated with increased odds of various cardiovascular risk factors in American adolescents, especially females.

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Abstract MP55: Associations Between Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Were Stronger in More Walkable Neighborhoods: The Cardiovascular Health in Ambulatory Care Research Team Cohort

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.137.suppl_1.mp55 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Nicholas A Howell ◽

Jack V Tu ◽

Rahim Moineddin ◽

Anna Chu ◽

Hong Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obesity And Diabetes

Introduction: Studies suggest living in a more walkable neighborhood may protect against cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) by encouraging physical activity. Walkable neighborhoods, however, often carry higher levels of traffic-related air pollution. Little is known regarding whether synergistic effects may exist between walkability and air pollution on these risk factors. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the association between traffic-related air pollution, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus would be stronger in more walkable areas. Methods: We drew a cross-sectional sample of individuals ages 40-74 on January 1, 2008 from the CANHEART cohort. HTN and DM were ascertained using validated algorithms. Walkability (quintiles, Q5 highest, Q1 lowest) was measured using a validated index which has previously been shown to be inversely associated with obesity and diabetes. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide, a valid marker for traffic-related air pollution, was assessed using a land use regression models. The associations were tested using logistic regression with cluster-robust standard errors, adjusting for age, sex, area-level income, ethnicity, and comorbidities. Results: In total, 2,618,584 individuals were included in the analysis (mean (SD) age = 53.2 (9.2), 52% female). Walkability was inversely associated with odds for HTN (Q5 vs. Q1 OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.79, 0.82) and DM (Q5 vs. Q1 OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.87, 0.91), while NO 2 was positively associated with each (HTN: OR = 1.02 per 10 ppb (1.01, 1.03); DM: OR = 1.11 per 10 ppb (1.09, 1.13)). We observed significant interactions between walkability and NO 2 on odds for HTN and DM, with stronger NO 2 associations in the most walkable neighborhoods (Fig. 1). Conclusions: We observed significant interactions between traffic-related air pollution and walkability on odds for HTN and DM. This finding suggests that benefits from living in more walkable neighborhoods may be offset by stronger negative associations with air pollution.

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