scholarly journals Cognitive–behavioural therapy combined with music therapy for chronic fatigue following Epstein-Barr virus infection in adolescents: a feasibility study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Malik ◽  
Tarjei Tørre Asprusten ◽  
Maria Pedersen ◽  
Julie Mangersnes ◽  
Gro Trondalen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Harmful Effects

​BackgroundCognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is effective in chronic fatigue syndrome. However, CBT has not been investigated in postinfectious chronic fatigue (CF), nor is it known whether addition of therapeutic elements from other disciplines might be feasible. We studied the feasibility of a combined CBT and music therapy intervention for CF following Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in adolescents.​MethodsAdolescents (12–20 years old) participating in a postinfectious cohort study who developed CF 6 months after an acute EBV infection were eligible for the present feasibility study. A combined CBT and music therapy programme (10 therapy sessions and related homework) was compared with care as usual in a randomised controlled design. Therapists and participants were blinded to outcome evaluation. Endpoints included physical activity (steps/day), symptom scores, recovery rate and possible harmful effects, but the study was underpowered regarding efficacy. Total follow-up time was 15 months.​ResultsA total of 43 individuals with postinfectious CF were included (21 intervention group, 22 control group). Seven individuals left the study during the first 3 months, leaving 15 in the intervention group and 21 in the control group at 3 months’ follow-up. No harmful effects were recorded, and compliance with appointment was high. In intention-to-treat analyses, number of steps/day tended to decrease (difference=−1158, 95% CI −2642 to 325), whereas postexertional malaise tended to improve (difference=−0.4, 95% CI −0.9 to 0.1) in the intervention group at 3 months. At 15 months’ follow-up, there was a trend towards higher recovery rate in the intervention group (62% vs 37%).​ConclusionAn intervention study of combined CBT and music therapy in postinfectious CF is feasible, and appears acceptable to the participants. The tendencies towards positive effects on patients’ symptoms and recovery might justify a full-scale clinical trial.​Trial registration numberNCT02499302.

scholarly journals Cognitive–behavioural therapy combined with music therapy for chronic fatigue following Epstein-Barr virus infection in adolescents: a randomised controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000797
Author(s):  
Sadaf Malik ◽  
Tarjei Tørre Asprusten ◽  
Maria Pedersen ◽  
Julie Mangersnes ◽  
Gro Trondalen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
School Absence ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundCognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is effective in chronic fatigue (CF) syndrome. However, CBT has not been investigated in postinfectious CF, nor is it known whether addition of therapeutic elements from other disciplines might be useful. We explored combined CBT and music therapy intervention for CF following Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in adolescents.MethodsAdolescents (12–20 years old) participating in a postinfectious cohort study who developed CF 6 months after an acute EBV infection were eligible for the present study. A combined CBT and music therapy programme (10 therapy sessions and related homework) was compared with care as usual in a randomised controlled design. Therapists and participants were blinded to outcome evaluation. Endpoints included physical activity (steps/day), symptom scores, recovery rate and possible harmful effects, but the study was underpowered regarding efficacy. Total follow-up time was 15 months. Power analyses suggested that 120 participants would be needed in order to detect a moderate effect size.ResultsA total of 91 individuals with postinfectious CF were eligible, and a total of 43 were included (21 intervention group, 22 control group). Concern regarding school absence due to therapy sessions was the main reason for declining participation. Seven individuals left the study during the first 3 months, leaving 15 in the intervention group and 21 in the control group at 3 months follow-up. No harmful effects were recorded, and compliance with appointment was high. In intention-to-treat analyses, the primary endpoint (number of steps/day) did not differ significantly between the intervention group and the control group (difference (95% CI) =–1298 (–4874 to 2278)). Secondary outcome measures were also not significantly different among the two groups.ConclusionAn intervention study of combined CBT and music therapy in postinfectious CF is feasible. A fully powered trial is needed to evaluate efficacy; participants’ concern regarding school absence should be properly addressed to secure recruitment.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials ID: NCT02499302, registered July 2015.

scholarly journals Classroom-based cognitive behavioural therapy: a large-scale non-randomised controlled trial of the ‘Journey of the Brave’

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Urao ◽  
Ikuyo Ohira ◽  
Takako Koshiba ◽  
Shin-ichi Ishikawa ◽  
Yasunori Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Abstract Background In Japan, ‘Journey of the Brave’, a cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)-based anxiety preventive education programme, was previously developed and its effectiveness examined in two small-scale controlled trials. These studies had some limitations, including a small number of participants and not having regular classroom teachers as programme facilitators. Therefore, we conducted a large-scale controlled trial, with teachers as programme implementers. Methods Twenty-seven elementary schools participated: 1622 and 1123 children were allocated to the intervention and control groups, respectively. The intervention group received a programme comprising ten 45-min sessions, while the control group underwent the regular school curriculum. Anxiety symptoms among participants were assessed using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) at three stages (pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up). Results Following primary analysis, estimated mean changes in SCAS from baseline to follow-up were − 4.91 (95% CI − 5.91, − 3.90) in the intervention group and − 2.53 (95% CI − 3.52, − 1.54) in the control group; the group difference was 2.37 (95% CI 1.42, 3.33, p < 0.0001). Children in the intervention group showed significant reduction in their anxiety score versus children in the control group. Conclusions The results showed a statistically significant anxiety score reduction in the intervention group, thus verifying the programme’s effectiveness. Trial registration The University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN): UMIN000032517. Registered 10 May 2018—Retrospectively registered, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000037083

scholarly journals A pilot and feasibility study of a cognitive behavioural therapy-based anxiety prevention programme for junior high school students in Japan: a quasi-experimental study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuyo Ohira ◽  
Yuko Urao ◽  
Yasunori Sato ◽  
Toshiyuki Ohtani ◽  
Eiji Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Abstract Background There is a good deal of evidence that cognitive behavioural therapy is effective for children and adolescents with anxiety-related problems. In Japan, an anxiety prevention programme based on cognitive behavioural therapy called ‘Journey of the Brave’ has been developed, and it has been demonstrated to be effective for elementary school students (aged 10–11 years). The purpose of this study was to have classroom teachers deliver the programme to junior high school students (aged 12–13 years) and to test the feasibility and efficacy of the programme in this setting. Methods This study was a prospective observational study and was approved by the Chiba University Review Board. An intervention group consisting of six classes of students in their first year of junior high school at two different schools (n = 149; 81 boys, 68 girls) received seven 50-min programme sessions. Participants in the control group were recruited from four classes of students in their second year of junior high school at one school (n = 89; 51 boys, 38 girls). All participants completed the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale at pre-test, post-test, and 2–3 month follow-up. Statistical analysis was conducted using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures model. Results Mean total anxiety scores indicated a non-significant decrease at the 2–3 month follow-up for the intervention group compared to the control group. The group differences on the SCAS from baseline to post-test was − .71 (95% CI − 2.48 to 1.06, p = .43), and the 2–3 month follow-up was − .49 (95% CI − 2.60 to 1.61, p = .64). Conclusions In this pilot study, implementation of the programme confirmed the partial feasibility of the programme but did not elicit a significant reduction in anxiety scores. In addition, there are several methodological limitations to this study. In the future, we propose to test the feasibility and efficacy of the programme with the required sample size and by comparing groups with equal characteristics as well as by carrying out additional follow-up assessments. Trial registration UMIN000032517.

A Cognitive-Behavioural, Group-Based Intervention for Social Anxiety in Schizophrenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 809-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Halperin ◽  
Paula Nathan ◽  
Peter Drummond ◽  
David Castle
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wait List ◽  
Wait List Control ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of group-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for social anxiety in schizophrenia. Method: Patients with schizophrenia (20) with comorbid social anxiety were randomly assigned to the group-based CBT or wait-list control condition. Pre-, post- and 6-week follow-up ratings included measures of social anxiety and avoidance, mood and quality of life. Results: The intervention group improved on all outcome measures and the control group showed no change in symptomatology. Conclusions: Group-based CBT is effective in treating social anxiety in schizophrenia.

Treatment of Mixed Anxiety-Depression Disorder: Long-Term Outcome

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Echeburúa ◽  
Karmele Salaberría ◽  
Paz de Corral ◽  
Raúl Cenea ◽  
Tomás Berasategui
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Depression Disorder

The aim of this paper was to test the long-term contribution of cognitive-behavioural therapy to the treatment of mixed anxiety-depression disorder. Fifty-seven patients, selected according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, were assigned to: 1) cognitive-behavioural therapy; 2) combined therapy (drug and cognitive-behavioural therapy); or 3) a standard drug therapy control group. A multigroup experimental design with repeated measures of assessment (pretreatment, posttreatment, and 3-, 6- and 12 month follow-ups) was used. Most patients who were treated (71%) in experimental groups showed significant improvement at the 12-month follow-up, but there were no differences between the two therapeutic modes. No improvement was shown by the control-group participants at the 6-month follow-up. The results of the present trial do not support the beneficial effects of drug therapy by itself for this disorder. Finally, several topics that may contribute to future research in this field are discussed.

scholarly journals Cognitive behavioural therapy for chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome: outcomes from a specialist clinic in the UK

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (10) ◽  
pp. 394-402
Author(s):  
James Adamson ◽  
Sheila Ali ◽  
Alastair Santhouse ◽  
Simon Wessely ◽  
Trudie Chalder
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Uk

Objectives Cognitive behavioural therapy is commonly used to treat chronic fatigue syndrome and has been shown to be effective for reducing fatigue and improving physical functioning. Most of the evidence on the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome is from randomised control trials, but there are only a few studies in naturalistic treatment settings. Our aim was to examine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome in a naturalistic setting and examine what factors, if any, predicted outcome. Design Using linear mixed effects analysis, we analysed patients' self-reported symptomology over the course of treatment and at three-month follow-up. Furthermore, we explored what baseline factors were associated with improvement at follow-up. Setting Data were available for 995 patients receiving cognitive behavioural therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome at an outpatient clinic in the UK. Participants Participants were referred consecutively to a specialist unit for chronic fatigue or chronic fatigue syndrome. Main outcome measures Patients were assessed throughout their treatment using self-report measures including the Chalder Fatigue Scale, 36-item Short Form Health Survey, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Global Improvement and Satisfaction. Results Patients’ fatigue, physical functioning and social adjustment scores significantly improved over the duration of treatment with medium to large effect sizes (|d| = 0.45–0.91). Furthermore, 85% of patients self-reported that they felt an improvement in their fatigue at follow-up and 90% were satisfied with their treatment. None of the regression models convincingly predicted improvement in outcomes with the best model being (R2 = 0.137). Conclusions Patients’ fatigue, physical functioning and social adjustment all significantly improved following cognitive behavioural therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome in a naturalistic outpatient setting. These findings support the growing evidence from previous randomised control trials and suggest that cognitive behavioural therapy could be an effective treatment in routine treatment settings.

scholarly journals RESPONSE TO ADAMSON ET AL. (2020): “COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY FOR CHRONIC FATIGUE AND CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME: OUTCOMES FROM A SPECIALIST CLINIC IN THE UK”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Hughes ◽  
David Tuller
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Sample Attrition ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Uk

In this review, we consider the paper by Adamson et al., published in the October 2020 issue of the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. The authors interpret their data as revealing significant improvements following cognitive behavioural therapy in a large sample of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and chronic fatigue. Overall, the research is hampered by several fundamental methodological limitations that are not acknowledged sufficiently, or at all, by the authors. These include: (a) sampling ambiguity; (b) weak measurement; (c) survivor bias; (d) missing data; and (e) lack of a control group. In particular, the study is critically hampered by sample attrition, rendering the presentation of statements in the Abstract misleading with regard to points of fact, and, in our view, urgently requiring a formal published correction. In light of the fact that the paper was approved by multiple peer-reviewers and editors, we reflect on what its publication can teach us about the nature of contemporary scientific publication practices.

scholarly journals Effect of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy on the Quality of Life of People with Schizophrenia in South-West Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Makanjuola J.O. ◽  
Chiejina E.N. ◽  
Umunnah J.O.
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
South West ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Z Value

The quality of life (QoL) of patients with schizophrenia is impaired compared to the general population. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) on the quality of life of people with schizophrenia in selected Neuropsychiatric Hospitals in South-West Nigeria. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted in the study, 60 participants with schizophrenia were selected purposely, 30 participants to the intervention group and another 30 participants to the control group. Eight sessions of CBT were given to each participant in the intervention group. Data were collected with the use of the WHO Quality of life Bref questionnaire. Data collected were summarized using frequency, percentages, mean score, and standard deviation to answer research questions. The hypotheses were tested using the Mann-Whitney U Test and Wilcoxon Test at 0.05 level of significance. The outcome revealed that there was an overall post-intervention improvement in the Quality of life among the participants in the intervention group with a mean value of 3.63 ± 0.89, Z-value 3.72, p-value <0.001, unlike the control group with a mean value of 2.90 ± 0.85, Z-value= 1.77, p-value=0.08. CBT intervention with pharmacological management was effective in improving the quality of life in schizophrenic patients. CBT should be integrated into routine care given to schizophrenic clients in nursing interventions.

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