Maternal cumulative exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, prematurity and small for gestational age: a pooled analysis of two birth cohorts

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucile Migault ◽  
Ronan Garlantézec ◽  
Clément Piel ◽  
Laetitia Marchand-Martin ◽  
Sébastien Orazio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundData on the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on pregnancy outcomes are inconclusive.ObjectiveTo study the relation between maternal cumulative exposure to ELF-EMF during pregnancy and the risk of prematurity or small for gestational age (SGA) in a pooled analysis of two French birth cohorts.MethodsElfe and Epipage2 are both population-based birth cohorts initiated in 2011 and included 18 329 and 8400 births, respectively. Health data and household, mother and child characteristics were obtained from medical records and questionnaires at maternity and during follow-up. A job exposure matrix was used to assess cumulative exposure to ELF-EMF during three periods: (1) until 15 weeks of gestation, (2) until 28 weeks of gestation and (3) until 32 weeks of gestation. Analyses were restricted to single live births in mainland France and to mothers with documented jobs (N=19 894). Adjusted logistic regression models were used.ResultsAccording to the period studied, 3.2%–4% of mothers were classified as highly exposed. Results were heterogeneous. Increased risks of prematurity were found among low exposed mothers for the three periods, and no association was observed among the most exposed (OR1=0.92 (95% CI 0.74 to 1.15); OR2=0.98 (95% CI 0.80 to 1.21); OR3=1.14 (95% CI 0.92 to 1.41)). For SGA, no association was observed with the exception of increased risk among the low exposed mothers in period 2 and the most exposed in period 3 (OR=1.25 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.53)).ConclusionSome heterogeneous associations between ELF-EMF exposure and prematurity and SGA were observed. However, due to heterogeneity (ie, their independence regarding the level of exposure), associations cannot be definitely explained by ELF-EMF exposure.

scholarly journals O1B.6 Maternal cumulative exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, prematurity and bith weight: a pooled analysis of two birth cohorts

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A6.2-A6
Author(s):  
Lucile Migault ◽  
Ronan Garlantezec ◽  
Clément Piel ◽  
Laetitia Marchand-Martin ◽  
Sébastien Orazio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundData on the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on pregnancy outcomes are inconclusive.ObjectivesTo study the relation between maternal cumulative exposure to ELF-EMF during pregnancy and the risk of prematurity or small for gestational age in a pooled analysis of two French birth cohorts.MethodsElfe and Epipage2 are both population-based birth cohorts initiated in 2011 and included 18 329 and 8400 births respectively. Health data and household, mother and child characteristics were obtained from medical records, by face-to-face interview at maternity, and completed during follow-up. A recently updated job-exposure-matrix (JEM) was used to assess cumulative exposure to ELF-EMF during three periods: 1) until 15, 2) until 28 and 3) until 32 weeks of gestation. Analyses were restricted to single live births in mainland France and to mothers with documented jobs (n=19,894). Differences in selection frame between the two cohorts were controlled using a propensity score weighting method. We used multiple imputation method to deal with missing data. Logistic regression models adjusted for the main potential confounders were used.ResultsAccording to the period studied, 3.2% to 4% of mothers were classified as highly exposed to ELF-EMF. An increased risk of spontaneous prematurity was observed among the most exposed groups in period 2 and period 3. Overall, no consistent association with small for gestational age was found.ConclusionThis study, with substantial statistical power provides evidence of a possible association between cumulative exposure to ELF-EMF during pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous prematurity.

scholarly journals Case-Control Study on Occupational Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields and the Association with Meningioma

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Carlberg ◽  
Tarmo Koppel ◽  
Mikko Ahonen ◽  
Lennart Hardell
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective. Exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) was in 2002 classified as a possible human carcinogen, Group 2B, by the International Agency for Research on Cancer at WHO based on an increased risk for childhood leukemia. In case-control studies on brain tumors during 1997–2003 and 2007–2009 we assessed lifetime occupations in addition to exposure to different agents. The INTEROCC ELF-EMF Job-Exposure Matrix was used for associating occupations with ELF-EMF exposure (μT) with meningioma. Cumulative exposure (μT-years), average exposure (μT), and maximum exposed job (μT) were calculated. Results. No increased risk for meningioma was found in any category. For cumulative exposure in the highest exposure category 8.52+ μT years odds ratio (OR) = 0.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.7–1.2, and p linear trend = 0.45 were calculated. No statistically significant risks were found in different time windows. Conclusion. In conclusion occupational ELF-EMF was not associated with an increased risk for meningioma.

Occupational Exposure to Electric Shocks and Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields and Motor Neurone Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace X Chen ◽  
Andrea’t Mannetje ◽  
Jeroen Douwes ◽  
Leonard H Berg ◽  
Neil Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Motor Neurone ◽  
Motor Neurone Disease ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Electric Shocks

Abstract In a New Zealand population-based case-control study we assessed associations with occupational exposure to electric shocks, extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and motor neurone disease using job-exposure matrices to assess exposure. Participants were recruited between 2013 and 2016. Associations with ever/never, duration, and cumulative exposure were assessed using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, sports, head or spine injury and solvents, and mutually adjusted for the other exposure. All analyses were repeated stratified by sex. An elevated risk was observed for having ever worked in a job with potential for electric shocks (odds ratio (OR)=1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98, 1.86), with the strongest association for the highest level of exposure (OR=2.01, 95%CI: 1.31, 3.09). Analysis by duration suggested a non-linear association: risk was increased for both short-duration (<3 years) (OR= 4.69, 95%CI: 2.25, 9.77) and long-duration in a job with high level of electric shock exposure (>24 years; OR=1.88; 95%CI: 1.05, 3.36), with less pronounced associations for intermediate durations. No association with ELF-MF was found. Our findings provide support for an association between occupational exposure to electric shocks and motor neurone disease but did not show associations with exposure to work-related ELF-MF.

scholarly journals Maternal smoking behaviour across the first two pregnancies and small for gestational age birth: Analysis of the SLOPE (Studying Lifecourse Obesity PrEdictors) population-based cohort in the South of England

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260134
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Taylor ◽  
Pia Doh ◽  
Nida Ziauddeen ◽  
Keith M. Godfrey ◽  
Ann Berrington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Healthcare Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Never Smokers

Maternal smoking is established to cause adverse birth outcomes, but evidence considering maternal smoking change across successive pregnancies is sparse. We examined the association between self-reported maternal smoking during and between the first two pregnancies with the odds of small for gestational age (SGA) birth (<10th percentile) in the second infant. Records for the first two pregnancies for 16791 women within the SLOPE (Studying Lifecourse Obesity PrEdictors) study were analysed. This is a population-based cohort of prospectively collected anonymised antenatal and birth healthcare data (2003–2018) in Hampshire, UK. Logistic regression was used to relate maternal smoking change to the odds of SGA birth in the second infant. In the full sample, compared to never smokers, mothers smoking at the start of the first pregnancy had higher odds of SGA birth in the second pregnancy even where they stopped smoking before the first antenatal appointment for the second pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.50 [95% confidence interval 1.10, 2.03]). If a mother was not a smoker at the first antenatal appointment for either her first or her second pregnancy, but smoked later in her first pregnancy or between pregnancies, there was no evidence of increased risk of SGA birth in the second pregnancy compared to never smokers. A mother who smoked ten or more cigarettes a day at the start of both of her first two pregnancies had the highest odds of SGA birth (3.54 [2.55, 4.92]). Women who were not smoking at the start of the first pregnancy but who subsequently resumed/began smoking and smoked at the start of their second pregnancy, also had higher odds (2.11 [1.51, 2.95]) than never smokers. Smoking in the first pregnancy was associated with SGA birth in the second pregnancy, even if the mother quit by the confirmation of her second pregnancy.

scholarly journals Preconception Hemoglobin Concentration and Risk of Low Birth Weight and Small-for-Gestational-Age: A Large Prospective Cohort Study in China

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Liu ◽  
Hang An ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Zhiwen Li ◽  
Yali Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Less is known about the impact of maternal preconception anemia on birth outcomes. We aimed to examine associations between preconception hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations with risk of low birth weight (LBW) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA). This study was from a large population-based prospective cohort in China and included 124,725 women with singleton live births delivered at gestational ages of 28–45 weeks who were registered before pregnancy. Maternal Hb concentrations were measured during registration, and other health-related information was recorded prospectively. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between preconception Hb concentrations with risk of LBW and SGA, adjusting for potential confounders. The results showed women with preconception anemia accounted for 22.28%. The incidences of LBW/SGA were 2.37%/6.30% among anemic women, and 2.01%/5.48% among non-anemic women, respectively. Preconception mild anemia increased by 17% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.28) and 14% (95% CI: 1.07, 1.21) the risk for LBW and SGA, while moderate-to-severe anemia had no significant association with LBW and SGA. Compared with the 120–129 g/L group, a U-shaped association was observed between preconception Hb concentrations with LBW and SGA. In conclusion, not only maternal anemia but also elevated Hb concentrations before pregnancy contribute to an increased risk of LBW and SGA.

scholarly journals FRI0306 WOMEN WITH AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS HAVE COMPARABLE RATES OF COMPLICATIONS IN PREGNANCY TO WOMEN IN THE GENERAL POPULATION BUT MORE CAESAREAN DELIVERIES: RESULTS FROM NATIONWIDE CLAIMS DATA

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 743.2-743
Author(s):  
I. Redeker ◽  
A. Strangfeld ◽  
U. Marschall ◽  
A. Zink ◽  
X. Baraliakos
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Gestational Week

Background:In contrast to other rheumatic inflammatory diseases, studies on pregnancy outcomes in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) are scarce, despite its onset in early adulthood affecting women in their reproductive years.Objectives:To investigate maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes among women with axSpA compared with population-based controls.Methods:Taking advantage of a large health insurance dataset, comprising the period 2006 – 2018, maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes and delivery outcomes of women with axSpA were assessed and compared with population-based controls (matched by maternal age and calendar year of birth). Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using generalised estimating equation analyses.Results:A total of 611 singleton births among 535 women with axSpA were included in the analysis. The mean age at delivery was 32.5 years. The pharmacological treatment within 12 months prior to and after conception is illustrated in the Figure. Infants of women with axSpA were only slightly more often preterm (5.2% vs 4.7%) and small-for-gestational-age (1.6% vs 1.1%) than infants of matched population-based controls, respectively. Caesarean section was performed in 36% of deliveries among women with axSpA compared with 29.5% in population-based controls, resulting in a significantly increased risk for receiving caesarean section (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.06-1.73) (Table). The occurrence of pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational-age was moderately higher, but not significantly increased, among women with axSpA as compared to population-based controls.Conclusion:Women with axSpA had no significantly increased risks for adverse maternal or infant pregnancy outcomes compared to non-axSpA women. However, a significantly increased risk for receiving caesarean section and a tendency for a higher number of preterm deliveries and of small-for-gestational-age infants was observed in women with axSpA.Table.Prevalences and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for adverse pregnancy outcomesPregnancies in women with axSpAN=611Pregnancies in population-based controlsN=611Odds Ratio(95% CI)Preterm birth (< week 37)5.2% (32)4.7% (29)1.11 (0.66, 1.85)Gestational week 28-364.9% (30)4.7% (29)1.03 (0.61, 1.75)Gestational week <280.3% (2)0.2% (1)2.01 (0.18, 22.18)Small for gestational age1.6% (10)1.1% (7)1.43 (0.54, 3.79)Low birth weight (<2500 g)2.8% (17)2.6% (16)1.06 (0.53, 2.13)Exceptionally large baby(birth weight ≥4500 g)1.1% (7)0.2% (1)7.07 (0.87, 57.63)Pre-eclampsia7.5% (46)6.4% (39)1.21 (0.78, 1.90)Assisted vaginal delivery4.3% (26)3.1% (19)1.39 (0.76, 2.56)Caesarean section36.0% (220)29.5% (180)1.35 (1.06, 1.73)axSpA, axial Spondyloarthritis; CI, confidence interval.Acknowledgments:We would like to thank the BARMER Statutory Health Insurance for providing data for this study.Disclosure of Interests:Imke Redeker: None declared, Anja Strangfeld Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Ursula Marschall: None declared, Angela Zink Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Gilead, Hexal, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, UCB, Xenofon Baraliakos Grant/research support from: Grant/research support from: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen, Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen

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