Primary malignant neoplasms associated with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Introduction. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a malignant clonal lymphoproliferative disorder characterised by the accumulation of atypical mature CD5/CD19/CD23-positive B lymphocytes, predominantly in blood, bone marrow, lymph glands, liver and spleen. Chemotherapy protocols with the inclusion of nucleotide analogues, alkylating drugs and monoclonal antibodies are currently the standard of treatment. FCR (fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, rituximab) is one of the most effective protocols. CLL may lead to various immunologic disorders resulting in an increased risk of a malignant neoplasm. This paper aims to present a demonstration of a case of the combination of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and stomach cancer, and an attempt to establish — based on literature data — a link between the diagnosed stomach adenocarcinoma and the main disease.Materials and methods. Authors have analysed the case history, laboratory and instrumental data and the treatment of a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and stomach adenocarcinoma.Results and discussion. The patient E., 63 yo, was diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in 2016. The patient was started on FCR chemotherapy protocol (Fludarabine, 70 mg days 2-4 of CT, Endoxan 500 mg days 2-4 of the cycle, Rituximab 700 mg day 1 od CT) in June 2018. When the patient came to the BSMU hospital for a chemotherapy cycle in August 2018, gastric endoscopy was performed; tissue pathology examination resulted in the diagnosis of stomach adenocarcinoma. A concilium of surgeons, oncologists and haematologists made a decision to perform a gastrectomy with the oesophageal resection and Roux anastomosis.Conclusion. Having used a clinical case as an example and reviewed available literature, the authors have demonstrated that either CLL or the immunosuppressed status served as the causal factors for the development of the adenocarcinoma. The development of stomach adenocarcinoma in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia makes the course and outcome of the main disease much more severe. A decision regarding the management strategy for such patients has to make individually every time, taking into account the severity of the oncological disease; this impacts on the choice of the treatment protocol. All the cases of spontaneous remissions in patients with lymphocytic leukaemia must be screened extensively in order to facilitate early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms.

Download Full-text

Autologous T lymphocytes recognize the tumour-derived immunoglobulin VH-CDR3 region in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

British Journal of Haematology ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.02307.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 111 (1) ◽

pp. 230-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Mohammad Reza Rezvany ◽

Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani ◽

Hodjattallah Rabbani ◽

Ulla Ruden ◽

Lennart Hammarstrom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Lymphocytes ◽

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Cdr3 Region

Download Full-text

Pharmacokinetics of Chlorambucil in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: Comparison of Different Days, Cycles and Doses

Pharmacology & Toxicology ◽

10.1034/j.1600-0773.2000.d01-78.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 87 (5) ◽

pp. 223-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Raija Silvennoinen ◽

Kimmo Malminiemi ◽

Outi Malminiemi ◽

Erkki Seppala ◽

Juhani Vilpo

Keyword(s):

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Lymphocytic Leukaemia

Download Full-text

Decision letter for "Demyelinating brain lesions developing in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia shortly after treatment with a fludarabine containing regimen"

10.1002/hon.2815/v2/decision1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Brain Lesions

Download Full-text

Review for "Demyelinating brain lesions developing in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia shortly after treatment with a fludarabine containing regimen"

10.1002/hon.2815/v1/review1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lydia Scarfò

Keyword(s):

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Brain Lesions

Download Full-text

The Local Sanarelli-Shwartzman Phenomenon in Rats Induced by Human Leukaemic Cells

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1647777 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 29 (02) ◽

pp. 353-362

Author(s):

J Lisiewicz ◽

A Pituch ◽

J. A Litwin

Keyword(s):

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Intravenous Injection ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia ◽

Demarcation Line ◽

E Coli ◽

Leukaemic Cells ◽

Shwartzman Phenomenon

SummaryThe local Sanarelli-Shwartzman phenomenon (SSP-L) in the skin of 30 rats was induced by an intr a cutaneous sensitizing injection of leukaemic leucocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AL) and chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) and challenged by an intravenous injection of 100(μ of E. coli endotoxin. SSP-L was observed in 7 rats after injection of CLL lymphocytes and in 6 and 2 rats after AL myeloblasts and the CGL granulocytes, respectively. The lesions in the skin after AL myeloblasts appeared in a shorter time and were of longer duration compared with those observed after CLL lymphocytes and CGL granulocytes. Histologically, the lesions consisted of areas of destruction in the superficial layers of the skin ; the demarcation line showed the presence of neutrophils, macrophages and erythrocytes. Haemorrhages and fibrin deposits near the demarcation line were larger after injection of CLL lymphocytes and AL myeloblasts than after CGL granulocytes. The possible role of leucocyte procoagulative substances in the differences observed have been discussed.

Download Full-text

Prognostic value of absolute monocyte count in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/oh.2015.30126 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 156 (15) ◽

pp. 592-597

Author(s):

László Szerafin ◽

János Jakó ◽

Ferenc Riskó

Keyword(s):

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Monocyte Count ◽

Time To Treatment ◽

Causes Of Mortality ◽

The Absolute ◽

The Impact ◽

Overal Survival

Introduction: The low peripheral absolute lymphocyte and high monocyte count have been reported to correlate with poor clinical outcome in various lymphomas and other cancers. However, a few data known about the prognostic value of absolute monocyte count in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Aim: The aim of the authors was to investigate the impact of absolute monocyte count measured at the time of diagnosis in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia on the time to treatment and overal survival. Method: Between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2012, 223 patients with newly-diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukaemia were included. The rate of patients needing treatment, time to treatment, overal survival and causes of mortality based on Rai stages, CD38, ZAP-70 positivity and absolute monocyte count were analyzed. Results: Therapy was necessary in 21.1%, 57.4%, 88.9%, 88.9% and 100% of patients in Rai stage 0, I, II, III an IV, respectively; in 61.9% and 60.8% of patients exhibiting CD38 and ZAP-70 positivity, respectively; and in 76.9%, 21.2% and 66.2% of patients if the absolute monocyte count was <0.25 G/l, between 0.25–0.75 G/l and >0.75 G/l, respectively. The median time to treatment and the median overal survival were 19.5, 65, and 35.5 months; and 41.5, 65, and 49.5 months according to the three groups of monocyte counts. The relative risk of beginning the therapy was 1.62 (p<0.01) in patients with absolute monocyte count <0.25 G/l or >0.75 G/l, as compared to those with 0.25–0.75 G/l, and the risk of overal survival was 2.41 (p<0.01) in patients with absolute monocyte count lower than 0.25 G/l as compared to those with higher than 0.25 G/l. The relative risks remained significant in Rai 0 patients, too. The leading causes of mortality were infections (41.7%) and the chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (58.3%) in patients with low monocyte count, while tumours (25.9–35.3%) and other events (48.1 and11.8%) occurred in patients with medium or high monocyte counts. Conclusions: Patients with low and high monocyte counts had a shorter time to treatment compared to patients who belonged to the intermediate monocyte count group. The low absolute monocyte count was associated with increased mortality caused by infectious complications and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. The absolute monocyte count may give additional prognostic information in Rai stage 0, too. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(15), 592–597.

Download Full-text