Prevalence and factors associated with HIV epidemic among female sex workers in Pakistan: results of the fifth round of integrated biological and behavioural surveillance

2020 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054526
Author(s):  
Faran Emmanuel ◽  
Baseer Khan Achakzai ◽  
Tahira Reza
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Behavioural Surveillance ◽  
Prevention Programmes ◽  
Multistage Sampling

ObjectivesWe examined data collected as part of the fifth round of integrated biological and behavioural surveillance to determine the prevalence and factors associated with HIV infection among female sex workers (FSWs) in Pakistan.MethodsFSWs were defined as ‘all females, age 13 years and above, who receive money or goods in exchange for sexual services, regardless of the site of operation’. Data were collected between October 2016 and January 2017 in 18 cities using multistage sampling techniques to randomly select FSWs from spots facilitated by peers. Behavioural data were collected by interviewers using structured questionnaires, which was followed by obtaining finger prick blood samples tested for HIV using two rapid tests. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to assess independent associations of potential correlates using HIV status as dependent variable.ResultsWe invited 5728 FSWs to participate, of which 68 refused to participate (refusal rate=1.2%). Of the 5660 FSWs who participated, 121 were HIV seropositive (weighted HIV prevalence 2.3%; 95% CI 1.9% to 2.7%) mostly concentrated within cities in Sindh. Multivariate analysis showed being uneducated/illiterate (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.1; 95% CI 1.4 to 3.4), directly dealing with clients without a pimp (aOR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.8), non-use of condom with clients (aOR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.8), having sexual contact with people who inject drugs (PWID) (aOR 2.2; 95% CI 1.3 to 3.7) and non-participation in HIV programmes (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.0 to 3.1) as factors independently associated with HIV seropositivity.ConclusionsWe found a weighted national HIV prevalence of 2.3% and identified factors independently associated with HIV in FSWs. The country needs to scale up HIV prevention programmes to improve coverage, prioritising FSWs who are illiterate, work independently and have PWID as sex partners. Emphasis should be laid on strategies to improve condom use with both regular and non-regular partners.

Correlates of HIV prevalence among female sex workers in four north and east Indian states: findings of a national bio-behavioural survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjika Misra ◽  
Damodar Sahu ◽  
Umenthala S Reddy ◽  
Saritha Nair
Keyword(s):  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
East Indian ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Behavioural Surveillance

The socio-demographic, sex work characteristics and the factors affecting HIV prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs) are not well known in low prevalence states showing rising trends within the HIV epidemic. This paper studies these attributes among FSWs in three north (Punjab, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh) and one east Indian states (Jharkhand). Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance (IBBS) data, collected from 4491 FSWs in the study states, were analysed, with HIV status as the dependent variable and several socio-demographic, sex work, knowledge and agency characteristics as independent variables. Multivariate analysis found a number of factors such as age above 25 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 5.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–18.1), client solicitation in rented rooms (AOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.2–6.4) and the use of mobile phones for client solicitation (AOR 5.1, 95% CI 1.6–16.0) to be significantly associated with HIV risk. The study found low levels of HIV programme services uptake and HIV/AIDS knowledge among FSWs in the study states. There is an urgent need to focus on these risk factors for improving the effectiveness of the ongoing HIV prevention efforts and attaining the ‘Sustainable Development Goals’ goal of ‘Ending the AIDS epidemic’ by 2030.

scholarly journals HIV testing behaviour and HIV prevalence among female sex workers in Ukraine: findings from an Integrated Bio-Behavioural Survey, 2013–2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Tokar ◽  
Iana Sazonova ◽  
Sharmistha Mishra ◽  
Pavlo Smyrnov ◽  
Tetiana Saliuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sexual Partner ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Test Result

ObjectivesUkraine has one of the largest HIV epidemics in Europe, with high prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs). We aimed to identify factors associated with HIV testing and receipt of the test result in the last 12 months, HIV prevalence and self-reported positive status among FSWs in Ukraine.MethodsWe used data from an Integrated Bio-Behavioural Survey among FSWs conducted in 2013–2014. The survey methodology combined three sampling strategies: time and location sampling, respondent-driven sampling and key informant recruitment. We used multivariable regression to identify factors associated with self-reported HIV testing in the last 12 months, HIV prevalence and self-reported positive status among FSWs living with HIV. Explored factors included: age, age at first sex, age at entry into sex work, education, marital status, employment status beside sex work, condom use with last paying or non-paying sexual partner, drug or alcohol consumption and sex work venue.ResultsRecent HIV testing was low overall with only 63.2% of FSWs reported having tested and received their test result in the last 12 months prior to the survey. HIV prevalence was 7.1% overall, but only 45.0% of FSWs living with HIV were aware of their HIV status. Testing in the last 12 months with receipt of test result was less common among FSWs who used drugs ever in life (adjusted OR (AOR) 0.7, 95% CI 0.6 to 0.9), women soliciting clients indoors (AOR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7 to 0.9) and those not using a condom with last paying sexual partner (AOR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2 to 0.5). HIV positivity was associated with history of ever using drugs (AOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.6) and soliciting clients outdoors (AOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.0). Women working indoors were less aware of their positive status (AOR 0.1, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.9).ConclusionHIV prevalence is high among FSWs in Ukraine, and testing and knowledge of one’s status remain insufficient. HIV testing programmes need to expand with strategies to reach specific subgroups of FSWs.

scholarly journals HIV among Female Sex Workers in Five Cities in Burkina Faso: A Cross-Sectional Baseline Survey to Inform HIV/AIDS Programs

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Gautier Ouedraogo ◽  
Odette Ky-Zerbo ◽  
Adama Baguiya ◽  
Ashley Grosso ◽  
Sara Goodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Bobo Dioulasso ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background. Female sex workers (FSWs) are considered a vulnerable population for HIV infection and a priority for HIV/AIDS response programs. This study aimed to determine HIV prevalence among FSWs in five cities in Burkina Faso. Methods. FSWs aged 18 and older were recruited using respondent driven sampling (RDS) in five cities (Ouagadougou, Bobo-Dioulasso, Koudougou, Ouahigouya, and Tenkodogo) in Burkina Faso from 2013 to 2014. HIV testing was performed using the HIV testing national algorithm. We conducted bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess correlates of HIV in all cities combined (not RDS-adjusted). Results. Among Ouagadougou, Koudougou, and Ouahigouya FSWs, RDS-adjusted HIV prevalence was 13.5% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 9.6–18.7), 13.3% (95% CI: 7.6–22.4), and 13.0% (95% CI: 7.6–21.3), respectively, compared to 30.1% (95% CI: 25.5–35.1) among Bobo-Dioulasso FSWs. Factors associated with HIV infection were age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 7.84 95% CI: 3.78–16.20), being married or cohabitating (aOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.31–4.49), and history of pregnancy (aOR = 5.24, 95% CI: 1.44–18.97). Conclusion. These results highlight the need to strengthen HIV prevention among FSWs, through behavior change strategies, and improve access to sexual and reproductive health services.

scholarly journals Factors associated with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection among female sex workers in Nagaland, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199
Author(s):  
Gajendra K. Medhi ◽  
Jagadish Mahanta ◽  
Sanjib K. Phukan ◽  
Ramesh S. Paranjape ◽  
Michelle Kermode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Sex Trade ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex

Background: There is limited knowledge on the prevalence and correlates of sexually transmitted infections (STI) among women practicing sex work in the high HIV prevalence settings of northeast India, especially in Nagaland. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) among female sex workers (FSW) in Dimapur, Nagaland.Methods: 417 FSWs were recruited into this cross–sectional study using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) in 2009. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, sexual risk behaviours and exposure to prevention interventions were collected from them and urine samples were tested for NG and CT. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the factors associated with NG and CT.Results: The RDS-adjusted prevalence of HIV, NG and CT was 11.4%, 6.6% and 19.5% respectively. The reported condom use with clients and regular sex partners were only 29.1% and 9.6% respectively. Being in the sex trade within the last 2 years was independently associated with greater risk for NG and CT. Having more than 5 clients was independently associated with greater likelihood for CT and seropositivity for HIV was independently associated with NG.Conclusions: High prevalence of NG/CT was documented among FSWs with relatively new entrants into sex trade having the highest risk. The combination of high STI prevalence and low consistent condom use is likely to contribute to an escalating HIV epidemic in this already high HIV prevalence setting. There is need to strengthen public health measures for screening and management of NG and CT among FSWs.

Trend and Factors Associated with Condom Use Among Male Clients of Female Sex Workers in Hong Kong: Findings of 13 Serial Behavioural Surveillance Surveys

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 2235-2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghua Li ◽  
Joseph T. F. Lau ◽  
Yee Ling Ma ◽  
Mason M. C. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Male Clients ◽  
Behavioural Surveillance

scholarly journals HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among female sex workers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: tracking the epidemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 950-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Mizinduko ◽  
K Moen ◽  
S Likindikoki ◽  
A Mwijage ◽  
GH Leyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
School Level ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex

Since 2014, HIV care and treatment services among key populations including female sex workers (FSWs) have intensified in Tanzania. We sought to track the epidemic among FSWs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. We conducted a cross-sectional integrated bio-behavioral survey using respondent-driven sampling and a structured questionnaire. Blood was drawn for HIV testing. Modified Poisson regression was used to determine factors associated with HIV infection. We recruited 958 FSWs (median age 26 years) of whom 952 consented to HIV testing. The HIV prevalence was 15.3% (95%CI: 12.5–18.6). Factors associated with higher HIV prevalence included old age (25–34 years: aPR 2.38; 95%CI: 1.23, 4.60 and over 35 years: aPR = 6.08; 95%CI: 3.19, 11.58) and having experienced sexual violence in the past year (aPR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.34, 2.82). Attaining higher education level was associated with lower HIV prevalence (aPR = 0.51; 95%CI: 0.36, 0.73 for primary school level and aPR = 0.20; 95%CI: 0.08, 0.46 for secondary school level and/or above). The HIV prevalence among FSWs in Dar es Salaam has decreased by half since 2013. Prevention strategies should target older FSWs, aim to educate young girls, and institute approaches to mitigate violence among FSWs.

Risk Factors Associated With HIV Prevalence Among Female Sex Workers in 10 Brazilian Cities

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. S144-S152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giseli Nogueira Damacena ◽  
Célia Landmann Szwarcwald ◽  
Paulo Roberto Borges de Souza Júnior ◽  
Inês Dourado
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex

scholarly journals Factors associated with history of drug use among female sex workers (FSW) in a high HIV prevalence state of India

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gajendra Kumar Medhi ◽  
Jagadish Mahanta ◽  
Michelle Kermode ◽  
Ramesh S Paranjape ◽  
Rajatashuvra Adhikary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Unexpectedly high HIV prevalence among female sex workers in Bangkok, Thailand in a respondent-driven sampling survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Manopaiboon ◽  
D Prybylski ◽  
W Subhachaturas ◽  
S Tanpradech ◽  
O Suksripanich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Respondent Driven Sampling ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sampling Survey
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document