Correlates of HIV prevalence among female sex workers in four north and east Indian states: findings of a national bio-behavioural survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjika Misra ◽  
Damodar Sahu ◽  
Umenthala S Reddy ◽  
Saritha Nair
Keyword(s):  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
East Indian ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Behavioural Surveillance

The socio-demographic, sex work characteristics and the factors affecting HIV prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs) are not well known in low prevalence states showing rising trends within the HIV epidemic. This paper studies these attributes among FSWs in three north (Punjab, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh) and one east Indian states (Jharkhand). Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance (IBBS) data, collected from 4491 FSWs in the study states, were analysed, with HIV status as the dependent variable and several socio-demographic, sex work, knowledge and agency characteristics as independent variables. Multivariate analysis found a number of factors such as age above 25 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 5.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–18.1), client solicitation in rented rooms (AOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.2–6.4) and the use of mobile phones for client solicitation (AOR 5.1, 95% CI 1.6–16.0) to be significantly associated with HIV risk. The study found low levels of HIV programme services uptake and HIV/AIDS knowledge among FSWs in the study states. There is an urgent need to focus on these risk factors for improving the effectiveness of the ongoing HIV prevention efforts and attaining the ‘Sustainable Development Goals’ goal of ‘Ending the AIDS epidemic’ by 2030.

scholarly journals HIV testing behaviour and HIV prevalence among female sex workers in Ukraine: findings from an Integrated Bio-Behavioural Survey, 2013–2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Tokar ◽  
Iana Sazonova ◽  
Sharmistha Mishra ◽  
Pavlo Smyrnov ◽  
Tetiana Saliuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sexual Partner ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Test Result

ObjectivesUkraine has one of the largest HIV epidemics in Europe, with high prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs). We aimed to identify factors associated with HIV testing and receipt of the test result in the last 12 months, HIV prevalence and self-reported positive status among FSWs in Ukraine.MethodsWe used data from an Integrated Bio-Behavioural Survey among FSWs conducted in 2013–2014. The survey methodology combined three sampling strategies: time and location sampling, respondent-driven sampling and key informant recruitment. We used multivariable regression to identify factors associated with self-reported HIV testing in the last 12 months, HIV prevalence and self-reported positive status among FSWs living with HIV. Explored factors included: age, age at first sex, age at entry into sex work, education, marital status, employment status beside sex work, condom use with last paying or non-paying sexual partner, drug or alcohol consumption and sex work venue.ResultsRecent HIV testing was low overall with only 63.2% of FSWs reported having tested and received their test result in the last 12 months prior to the survey. HIV prevalence was 7.1% overall, but only 45.0% of FSWs living with HIV were aware of their HIV status. Testing in the last 12 months with receipt of test result was less common among FSWs who used drugs ever in life (adjusted OR (AOR) 0.7, 95% CI 0.6 to 0.9), women soliciting clients indoors (AOR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7 to 0.9) and those not using a condom with last paying sexual partner (AOR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2 to 0.5). HIV positivity was associated with history of ever using drugs (AOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.6) and soliciting clients outdoors (AOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.0). Women working indoors were less aware of their positive status (AOR 0.1, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.9).ConclusionHIV prevalence is high among FSWs in Ukraine, and testing and knowledge of one’s status remain insufficient. HIV testing programmes need to expand with strategies to reach specific subgroups of FSWs.

scholarly journals Mobile phones and sex work in South India: the emerging role of mobile phones in condom use by female sex workers in two Indian states

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Navani-Vazirani ◽  
Davidson Solomon ◽  
Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Elsa Heylen ◽  
Aylur Kailasom Srikrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
South India ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Female Sex

scholarly journals P3.199 Factors Affecting HIV Prevalence Among Clients of Female Sex Workers in 16 Districts of Southern India

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A210.2-A210
Author(s):  
T Thomas ◽  
U Thamattoor ◽  
P Banandur ◽  
R Subramanian Potty ◽  
M K Mainkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Female Sex

Prevalence and factors associated with HIV epidemic among female sex workers in Pakistan: results of the fifth round of integrated biological and behavioural surveillance

2020 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054526
Author(s):  
Faran Emmanuel ◽  
Baseer Khan Achakzai ◽  
Tahira Reza
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Behavioural Surveillance ◽  
Prevention Programmes ◽  
Multistage Sampling

ObjectivesWe examined data collected as part of the fifth round of integrated biological and behavioural surveillance to determine the prevalence and factors associated with HIV infection among female sex workers (FSWs) in Pakistan.MethodsFSWs were defined as ‘all females, age 13 years and above, who receive money or goods in exchange for sexual services, regardless of the site of operation’. Data were collected between October 2016 and January 2017 in 18 cities using multistage sampling techniques to randomly select FSWs from spots facilitated by peers. Behavioural data were collected by interviewers using structured questionnaires, which was followed by obtaining finger prick blood samples tested for HIV using two rapid tests. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to assess independent associations of potential correlates using HIV status as dependent variable.ResultsWe invited 5728 FSWs to participate, of which 68 refused to participate (refusal rate=1.2%). Of the 5660 FSWs who participated, 121 were HIV seropositive (weighted HIV prevalence 2.3%; 95% CI 1.9% to 2.7%) mostly concentrated within cities in Sindh. Multivariate analysis showed being uneducated/illiterate (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.1; 95% CI 1.4 to 3.4), directly dealing with clients without a pimp (aOR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.8), non-use of condom with clients (aOR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.8), having sexual contact with people who inject drugs (PWID) (aOR 2.2; 95% CI 1.3 to 3.7) and non-participation in HIV programmes (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.0 to 3.1) as factors independently associated with HIV seropositivity.ConclusionsWe found a weighted national HIV prevalence of 2.3% and identified factors independently associated with HIV in FSWs. The country needs to scale up HIV prevention programmes to improve coverage, prioritising FSWs who are illiterate, work independently and have PWID as sex partners. Emphasis should be laid on strategies to improve condom use with both regular and non-regular partners.

HIV prevalence and characteristics of sex work among female sex workers in Hargeisa, Somaliland, Somalia

AIDS ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. S61-S67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsi Kriitmaa ◽  
Adrienne Testa ◽  
Mohamed Osman ◽  
Ivana Bozicevic ◽  
Gabriele Riedner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Female Sex

Determinants of HIV prevalence among female sex workers in four south Indian states: analysis of cross-sectional surveys in twenty-three districts

AIDS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (Suppl 5) ◽  
pp. S35-S44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banadakoppa M Ramesh ◽  
Stephen Moses ◽  
Reynold Washington ◽  
Shajy Isac ◽  
Bidhubhushan Mohapatra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
South Indian

scholarly journals Unexpectedly high HIV prevalence among female sex workers in Bangkok, Thailand in a respondent-driven sampling survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Manopaiboon ◽  
D Prybylski ◽  
W Subhachaturas ◽  
S Tanpradech ◽  
O Suksripanich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Respondent Driven Sampling ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sampling Survey

The Mental and Physical Health of Female Sex Workers: A Comparative Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Romans ◽  
Kathleen Potter ◽  
Judy Martin ◽  
Peter Herbison
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the mental and physical health, adult abuse experiences and social networks of female sex workers with data previously collected from two large community samples of age-matched women. Method: A convenience sample of sex workers were interviewed and completed two wellestablished questionnaires, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and the Intimate Bond Measure (IBM). Sex workers were invited to reflect on their experiences of their work. Results: There were no differences in mental health on the GHQ-28 or in self-esteem (measured by an item on the Present State Examination) between the two groups. Neither were there any differences in their assessment of their physical health or the quality of their social networks. Sex workers were less likely to be married and had been exposed to more adult physical and sexual abuse than the comparison group. They were more likely to smoke and to drink heavily when they drank. One-third said that their general practitioner was not aware of their work. A subgroup not working with regular clients or in a massage parlour had higher GHQ-28 scores and may be an at-risk group. Narrative information about the work, particularly its intermittent nature, is presented. Conclusions: No evidence was found that sex work and increased adult psychiatric morbidity are inevitably associated, although there may be subgroups of workers with particular problems. The illegal and stigmatized nature of sex work are likely to make usual public health strategies more difficult to apply, considerations which should give concern from a preventive health standpoint.

scholarly journals The Female Sex Work Industry in a District of India in the Context of HIV Prevention

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raluca Buzdugan ◽  
Shiva S. Halli ◽  
Jyoti M. Hiremath ◽  
Krishnamurthy Jayanna ◽  
T. Raghavendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Work Setting ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
Sex Worker ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Female Sex Work

HIV prevalence in India remains high among female sex workers. This paper presents the main findings of a qualitative study of the modes of operation of female sex work in Belgaum district, Karnataka, India, incorporating fifty interviews with sex workers. Thirteen sex work settings (distinguished by sex workers' main places of solicitation and sex) are identified. In addition to previously documented brothel, lodge, street,dhaba(highway restaurant), and highway-based sex workers, under-researched or newly emerging sex worker categories are identified, including phone-based sex workers, parlour girls, and agricultural workers. Women working in brothels, lodges,dhabas, and on highways describe factors that put them at high HIV risk. Of these,dhabaand highway-based sex workers are poorly covered by existing interventions. The paper examines the HIV-related vulnerability factors specific to each sex work setting. The modes of operation and HIV-vulnerabilities of sex work settings identified in this paper have important implications for the local programme.

scholarly journals Correlates of HIV Testing among Female Sex Workers in Iran: Findings of a National Bio-Behavioural Surveillance Survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e0147587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Shokoohi ◽  
Mohammad Karamouzian ◽  
Razieh Khajekazemi ◽  
Mehdi Osooli ◽  
Hamid Sharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Behavioural Surveillance
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