Variation in the MRI signal intensity of naturally occurring equine superficial digital flexor tendinopathies over a 12-month period

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 (7) ◽  
pp. e53-e53
Author(s):  
Dagmar Berner ◽  
Walter Brehm ◽  
Kerstin Gerlach ◽  
Julia Offhaus ◽  
Doreen Scharner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Fast Spin Echo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gradient Recall Echo ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon

BackgroundSignal intensity (SI) of equine tendinopathies in MRI differs between the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) and the deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT). In DDFT lesions, short tau inversion recovery (STIR) SI decreases earlier than T2-weighted (T2w) SI, while the latter decreases earlier in SDFT lesions, but long-term results using STIR sequences are lacking.MethodsStanding MRI of eight horses with naturally occurring SDFT lesions was performed at the day of treatment as well as 2, 6 and 12 months after treatment.ResultsAfter 12 months, six horses were sound and showed complete resolution of increased SI in T2w fast spin echo (FSE) images, but increased SI was found in STIR images in three horses and persisted in T1w and T2*w gradient recall echo images of all horses. In contrast, hyperintense areas were still visible in the SDFT in T2w FSE images in two horses presenting with re-injury. In the six horses without re-injury, percentage of cross-sectional areas affected and SI decreased over time in all sequences.ConclusionsThis study suggests that SI in naturally occurring SDFT lesions decreases earlier in T2w FSE than in STIR images, in contrast to the DDFT.

Application of magnetic resonance neurography in the evaluation of patients with peripheral nerve pathology

1996 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron G. Filler ◽  
Michel Kliot ◽  
Franklyn A. Howe ◽  
Cecil E. Hayes ◽  
Dawn E. Saunders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Fast Spin Echo ◽  
Mr Neurography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Neurography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Direct Nerve ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Currently, diagnosis and management of disorders involving nerves are generally undertaken without images of the nerves themselves. The authors evaluated whether direct nerve images obtained using the new technique of magnetic resonance (MR) neurography could be used to make clinically important diagnostic distinctions that cannot be readily accomplished using existing methods. The authors obtained T2-weighted fast spin—echo fat-suppressed (chemical shift selection or inversion recovery) and T1-weighted images with planes parallel or transverse to the long axis of nerves using standard or phased-array coils in healthy volunteers and referred patients in 242 sessions. Longitudinal and cross-sectional fascicular images readily distinguished perineural from intraneural masses, thus predicting both resectability and requirement for intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring. Fascicle pattern and longitudinal anatomy firmly identified nerves and thus improved the safety of image-guided procedures. In severe trauma, MR neurography identified nerve discontinuity at the fascicular level preoperatively, thus verifying the need for surgical repair. Direct images readily demonstrated increased diameter in injured nerves and showed the linear extent and time course of image hyperintensity associated with nerve injury. These findings confirm and precisely localize focal nerve compressions, thus avoiding some exploratory surgery and allowing for smaller targeted exposures when surgery is indicated. Direct nerve imaging can demonstrate nerve continuity, distinguish intraneural from perineural masses, and localize nerve compressions prior to surgical exploration. Magnetic resonance neurography can add clinically useful diagnostic information in many situations in which physical examinations, electrodiagnostic tests, and existing image techniques are inconclusive.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic scoring system for superficial digital flexor tendon injuries in horses: intra- and inter-rater variability

2017 ◽  
Vol 181 (24) ◽  
pp. 655-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Alzola Domingo ◽  
Chris M Riggs ◽  
David S Gardner ◽  
Sarah L Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon ◽  
Rater Variability ◽  
Fibre Pattern

Superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) tendinopathy is an important musculoskeletal problem in horses. The study objective was to validate an ultrasonographic scoring system for SDFT injuries. Ultrasonographic images from 14 Thoroughbred racehorses with SDFT lesions (seven core; seven diffuse) and two controls were blindly assessed by five clinicians on two occasions. Ultrasonographic parameters evaluated were: type and extent of the injury, location, echogenicity, cross-sectional area and longitudinal fibre pattern of the maximal injury zone (MIZ). Inter-rater variability and intra-rater reliability were assessed using Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (KC) and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (LC), respectively. Type of injury (core vs. diffuse) had perfect inter/intra-rater agreement. Cases with core lesions had very strong inter-rater agreement (KC ≥0.74, P<0.001) and intra-rater reliability (LC ≥0.73) for all parameters apart from echogenicity. Cases with diffuse lesions had strong inter-rater agreement (KC ≥0.62) for all parameters, but weak agreement for echogenicity (KC=0.22); intra-rater reliability was excellent for MIZ location and fibre pattern (LC ≥0.82), and moderate (LC ≥0.58) for cross-sectional area and number of zones affected. This scoring system was reliable and repeatable for all parameters, except for echogenicity. A validated scoring system will facilitate reliable recording of SDFT injuries and inter-study meta-analyses.

scholarly journals High Signal Intensity of Fat on Fast Spin Echo Imaging

2000 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1269-1275
Author(s):  
Akio OGURA ◽  
Masaru YAMAZAKI ◽  
Takaharu HONGOH ◽  
Hiroshi INOUE ◽  
Akihiro ISHIKURO
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
High Signal Intensity ◽  
Fast Spin Echo ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Fast Spin

Quantitative analysis of unruptured intracranial aneurysm wall thickness and enhancement using 7T high resolution, black blood magnetic resonance imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. neurintsurg-2021-017688
Author(s):  
Xinke Liu ◽  
Junqiang Feng ◽  
Zhixin Li ◽  
Zihao Zhang ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Aneurysm ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Fast Spin Echo ◽  
Black Blood ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Isotropic Resolution ◽  
Aneurysm Size ◽  
Aneurysm Wall

BackgroundThis study was performed to quantify intracranial aneurysm wall thickness (AWT) and enhancement using 7T MRI, and their relationship with aneurysm size and type.Methods27 patients with 29 intracranial aneurysms were included. Three-dimensional T1 weighted pre‐ and post-contrast fast spin echo with 0.4 mm isotropic resolution was used. AWT was defined as the full width at half maximum on profiles of signal intensity across the aneurysm wall on pre-contrast images. Enhancement ratio (ER) was defined as the signal intensity of the aneurysm wall over that of the brain parenchyma. The relationships between AWT, ER, and aneurysm size and type were investigated.Results7T MRI revealed large variations in AWT (range 0.11–1.24 mm). Large aneurysms (>7 mm) had thicker walls than small aneurysms (≤7 mm) (0.49±0.05 vs 0.41±0.05 mm, p<0.001). AWT was similar between saccular and fusiform aneurysms (p=0.546). Within each aneurysm, a thicker aneurysm wall was associated with increased enhancement in 28 of 29 aneurysms (average r=0.65, p<0.05). Thicker walls were observed in enhanced segments (ER >1) than in non-enhanced segments (0.53±0.09 vs 0.38±0.07 mm, p<0.001).ConclusionImproved image quality at 7T allowed quantification of intracranial AWT and enhancement. A thicker aneurysm wall was observed in larger aneurysms and was associated with stronger enhancement.

MRI Assessment of Hippocampal Sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-363
Author(s):  
A. Lefkopoulos ◽  
A. Tzinas ◽  
E. Papadopoulou ◽  
A. Haritanti ◽  
D. Karanikolas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Hippocampal Formation ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Inversion Recovery ◽  
Fast Spin Echo ◽  
Transverse Spin

Hippocampal Sclerosis (HS) is the most common cause of refractory temporal lobe epilepsy in adults. The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of conventional MRI sequences in HS and devise a cost-effective protocol of choice. Forty-eight patients, 26 men and 22 women, aged 16–55 years (mean age 29 years) with seizures refractory to medical treatment were evaluated by MR imaging. Hippocampal formation was assessed by transverse spin-echo (SE) T1-weighted (WI) and fast spin-echo (FSE) T2-WI sequences and by coronal Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) and Inversion Recovery (IR) images. Increased signal intensity in FLAIR (93.2%), hippocampal atrophy (84.8%) and decreased signal intensity in IR images (72.7%) were the most common pathological findings of HS, while loss of the ipsilateral temporal lobe gray/white matter demarcation (66,7%) and amygdala sclerosis (15.1%) were encountered less frequently. FLAIR sequence was found to be more sensitive than FSE T2-WI in detecting HS. Thin coronal images were particularly helpful in assessing hippocampal formation, while IR images were additionally useful for the detection of possible co-existent cortical abnormalities. A brief review of the imaging findings of HS in more recent MR sequences is also made, though emphasizing that conventional SE T1-WI, FSE T2-WI, FLAIR and IR sequences, with a total examination duration of less than eight minutes, provide high sensitivity and specificity in the assessment of HS.

How Does the Pathophysiology Influence the Treatment of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome and is the Result Long-lasting?

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Greiner ◽  
M Dadon ◽  
P Lemasle ◽  
P Cluzel
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Results ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome ◽  
Venous Anomalies ◽  
Embolic Agents ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Pelvic Congestion

The objectives of this study are to consider the influence of pathophysiology in the treatment of pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) and to determine the criteria which impact on the long-term results. A classification of venous pathology including three types of pathophysiological conditions, independent of the location of the pelvic venous pathology, is developed and illustrated. These types, diagnosed by cross-sectional imaging and confirmed by phlebography, are associated with a specific therapeutic plan. The long-term results are dependent on the quality of the initial Phlebographic mapping that must be selective and complete, the angiographic findings, in particular the study of collaterals feeding the venous anomalies, the treatment of all venous anomalies, the respect of contraindications, the use of appropriate materials and the occurrence of new pregnancies. In conclusion, the feasibility and satisfactory short-term results of endovascular treatment of PCS are admitted. Questions remain regarding the effectiveness of the different embolic agents and the long-term results of this treatment.

Long-Term Results After Primary Repairs of Zone 2 Flexor Tendon Lacerations in Children Younger Than Age 6 Years

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 732-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kato ◽  
Akio Minami ◽  
Naoki Suenaga ◽  
Norimasa Iwasaki ◽  
Takumi Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Long Term Results
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