scholarly journals Characterization of Pinus ectomycorrhizas from mixed conifer and pygmy forests using morphotyping and molecular methods

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1211-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Wurzburger ◽  
Martin I Bidartondo ◽  
Caroline S Bledsoe
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Its Sequencing ◽  
Cenococcum Geophilum ◽  
Mixed Conifer ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Pinus Muricata ◽  
Rflp Type ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Morphotypes

We used morphotyping and molecular methods to characterize ectomycorrhizas of bishop pine (Pinus muricata D. Don) and Bolander pine (Pinus contorta ssp. bolanderi (Parl.) Critchf.) from mixed conifer and hydric pygmy forests on the northern California coast. Sixteen ectomycorrhizal morphotypes were described, producing 15 internal transcribed spacer restriction fragment length polymorphism (ITS-RFLP) types, and 12 were identified via ITS sequencing. From a given site, all root tips of a specific morphotype produced identical ITS-RFLP patterns. However, sometimes two morphotypes produced the same ITS-RFLP type, and sometimes samples of the same morphotype from two different sites produced two different ITS-RFLP types. These results indicate that surveys of ectomycorrhizal fungi based on morphology alone are not sufficient, and that grouping morphotypes prior to molecular analysis can expedite the process. Ectomycorrhizas from mixed conifer included Russuloid sp., Tomentella sublilacina (Ellis & Holw.) Wakef., Tuber sp., and two Thelephoroid species. Ectomycorrhizas from hydric pygmy included two Dermocybe spp., a Cortinarius sp., two Thelephoroid spp., and Suillus tomentosus (Kauffman) Singer. Both plant communities contained Cenococcum geophilum Fr.:Fr. The hydric pygmy sites were more similar to each other than to the mixed conifer site (Jaccard similarity). The presence of ectomycorrhizal taxa in one plant community type may reflect biotic (host specificity) or abiotic (soil fertility or hydrology) adaptation.Key words: ectomycorrhiza, bishop pine, Pinus muricata, Bolander pine, Pinus contorta ssp. bolanderi, morphotyping, ITS-RFLP.

Ectomycorrhizas of regenerating stands of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta)

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Bradbury ◽  
R M Danielson ◽  
S Visser
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Cenococcum Geophilum ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Study Sites

The ectomycorrhizal community associated with regenerating lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Loud.) after clear-cutting in southwestern Alberta was investigated in 6-, 10-, and 19-year-old cut blocks and their adjacent 90-year-old undisturbed control stands. Twenty different mycorrhizal taxa were found in the 90-year-old undisturbed stands. Of these 20, 13 mycorrhizal taxa were found in the 6-year-old cut blocks, and 15 mycorrhizal taxa were found in both the 10- and 19-year-old cut blocks. The most common associate of all stand ages was Mycelium radicis atrovirens Melin (MRA), which overall colonized 29% (weighted average) of the root tips. Species or groups accounting for greater than 10% of the mycorrhizas in one or more age classes included Piloderma fallax (Karst.) Jül. (15% overall), Piloderma byssinum (Karst.) Jül. (11%), Cenococcum geophilum L. (8%), Russula-like (8%), Suillus brevipes (Pk.) Kuntze (5%), Suillus tomentosus (Kauff.) Sing., Snell & Dick (5%), and Lactarius deliciosus (L.:Fr.) S.F. Gray (2%). Although several mycorrhizal fungi exhibited significant differences in percent relative abundance of root tips colonized, when comparing cut blocks to their controls, there was no evidence to suggest that the suite of mycorrhizal fungi colonizing roots of young lodgepole pine trees was replaced by a different suite of mycorrhizal fungi in mature stands. Extensive fruit body collections, totalling 43 species of ectomycorrhizal fungi, throughout the study sites support this contention.Key words: Pinus contorta ectomycorrhizas, clear-cutting, second-rotation forests, succession.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pinus ectomycorrhizas from mixed conifer and pygmy forests using morphotyping and molecular methods

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1211-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Wurzburger ◽  
Martin I. Bidartondo ◽  
Caroline S. Bledsoe
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Mixed Conifer

Characterization of the bacterial flora associated with root systems of Pinus contorta var. latifolia

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1520-1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Dangerfield ◽  
D. W. S. Westlake ◽  
F. D. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Mature Tree ◽  
And Control

Root systems of young and mature lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Englem.) were removed from forest stands and the associated aerobic bacterial flora isolated. Characterization of rhizoplane and control soil isolates from these tree root systems demonstrated differences from that reported for agricultural crops. Ammonifying, proteolytic, and amylolytic organisms were proportionately reduced within the rhizoplane. The rhizoplane organisms grew more slowly than the control soil isolates, although they responded in greater numbers to the addition of an amino acid supplement to the growth media. The rhizoplane organisms also showed an increased ability to solubilize phosphate. The chitinolytic organisms were suppressed within the rhizoplane of the mature tree but were stimulated by the young trees. With this exception, the rhizoplane microflora of older and younger trees were similar.

Mycorrhizal fungal community relationship to root nitrogen concentration over a regional atmospheric nitrogen deposition gradient in the northeastern USA

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1260-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik A. Lilleskov ◽  
Philip M. Wargo ◽  
Kristiina A. Vogt ◽  
Daniel J. Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Cenococcum Geophilum ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Morphotypes ◽  
Deposition Gradient ◽  
Northeastern Usa

Increased nitrogen (N) input has been found to alter ectomycorrhizal fungal communities over short deposition gradients and in fertilization experiments; however, its effects over larger spatial scales have not been determined. To address this gap, we reanalyzed data from a study originally designed to examine the effects of soil aluminum/calcium (Al/Ca) ratios on the vitality of red spruce fine roots over a regional acid and N deposition gradient in the northeastern USA. We used root N as an indicator of stand N availability and examined its relationship with the abundance of ectomycorrhizal morphotypes. The dominant morphotypes changed in relative abundance as a function of stand N availability. As root N concentrations increased, Piloderma spp. - like, Cenococcum geophilum Fr., and other unidentified mycorrhizal morphotypes declined in abundance, while other smooth-mantled morphotypes increased. Root N concentration in the 1–2 mm diameter class was the best predictor of the abundance of multiple morphotypes. The morphotype responses were consistent with those found in experimental and small-scale studies, suggesting that N availability is altering ectomycorrhizal communities over broad spatial scales in this region. This finding provides an impetus to conduct a more detailed characterization of mycorrhizal community responses to N deposition across large-scale gradients.

Histological characterization of Passiflora pohlii Mast. root tips cryopreserved using the V-Cryo-plate technique

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 255 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariela J. Simão ◽  
Myriam Collin ◽  
Renata O. Garcia ◽  
Elisabeth Mansur ◽  
Georgia Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Tips ◽  
Plate Technique

Molecular methods for the detection and characterization of foodborne pathogens

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Ming Shi ◽  
Fei Long ◽  
Biao Suo
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Nucleic Acid Hybridization ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Restriction Length Polymorphism ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Restriction Length

The surveillance of foodborne pathogens in food industries has shown the urgent need for rapid and dependable methods to detect and characterize the organisms in food and environments of clinical and epidemiologic importance. Recent studies on rapid methods in microbiology have been focused on biochemical characterization, immunoassays, and molecular methods. Many molecular methods have been developed and applied to the detection and characterization of foodborne pathogens in laboratories and food industries. They can be mainly divided into DNA banding pattern-based tests and DNA sequence-based tests. The former includes nucleic acid hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), amplified restriction length polymorphism, and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, etc. Most of these methods in commercial applications are based on PCR or hybridization techniques. The principle, characteristics, and application of molecular methods for the detection and characterization of foodborne pathogens were reviewed in this article.

Criconematidae: Criconemoides and Hemicriconemoides species.

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Ziaul Haque ◽  
Mujeebur Rahman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

Abstract Criconemoides is an obligate root ectoparasite and feeds on root tips or anywhere along the root. This chapter includes information on: authentic identification; geographical distribution; risk of introduction; host ranges; symptoms; biology and ecology; planting material liable to carry the nematode; chance of establishment; likely impact; phytosanitary measures; and a detailed account of diagnosis procedures, such as sampling, isolation/detection and identification with morphological and molecular characterization of the Criconemoides with Criconemella, Mesoscriconema and Macroposthonia as synonyms.

scholarly journals Application of molecular methods for characterization of Botrytis fabae and Botrytis cinerea of faba bean

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 314-318
Author(s):  
N.M. Abou-Zeid ◽  
I.H. Dorriah ◽  
A.A. Marwa
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Conidial Morphology ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Botrytis Fabae

Application of the RAPD methods allowed to clearly characterization of isolates of Botrytis fabae and isolates of B. cinerea. Results from RAPD-PCR analysis indicate different groups. Clusters were related with groups based on conidial morphology, morphological characters of the isolates of Botrytis spp.

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