BLUE STAIN FUNGI IN LODGEPOLE PINE (PINUS CONTORTA DOUGL. VAR. LATIFOLIA ENGELM.) INFESTED BY THE MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE (DENDROCTONUS MONTICOLAE HOPK.)

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robena C. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
Ceratocystis Minor

A complex of fungi was isolated from lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) at various stages of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae Hopk.) attack. Ceratocystis montia Rumb., Leptographium sp., Pichia pini (Hoist) Phaff, Hansenula holstii Wickerham, Hansenula capsulata Wickerham, and some unnamed yeasts were isolated from beetles, fresh galleries, and blue-stained sapwood. Perithecia of C. montia, Ceratocystis minor (Hedgc.) Hunt, Ceratocystis minuta (Siem.) Hunt, Ceratocystis sp., and Europhium sp. were found on the bark and sapwood of dead, blue-stained trees. Beetles are conclusively shown to be vectors of blue stain fungi. The known ranges of C. montia and P. pini are extended by this study and a possible succession of organisms associated with the development of beetle infestation is discussed.

Entomocorticium dendroctoni gen. et sp. nov. (Basidiomycotina), a possible nutritional symbiote of the mountain pine beetle in lodgepole pine in British Columbia

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Whitney ◽  
R. J. Bandoni ◽  
F. Oberwinkler
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Blue Stain

A new basidiomycete, Entomocorticium dendroctoni Whitn., Band. & Oberw., gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated. This cryptic fungus intermingles with blue stain fungi and produces abundant essentially sessile basidiospores in the galleries and pupal chambers of the mountain pine bark beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.). The insect apparently disseminates the fungus. Experimentally, young partially insectary reared adult beetles fed E. dendroctoni produced 19% more eggs than beetles fed the blue stain fungi.

Inoculation of lodgepole pine with four blue-stain fungi associated with mountain pine beetle, monitored by a heat pulse velocity (HPV) instrument

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yamaoka ◽  
R. H. Swanson ◽  
Y. Hiratsuka
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Heat Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Blue Stain

In two separate experiments in the field, healthy 80-year-old lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) were inoculated with four blue-stain fungi that are associated with mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonusponderosae Hopk.) and beetle-attacked trees. Inocula of Ophiostomaclavigerum (Robins.-Jeff. & Davids.) Harrington, O, huntii (Robins.-Jeff.) de Hoog & Scheffer, O. montium (Rumb.) von Arx, and O. minus (Hedge.) H. & P. Sydow were prepared on sawdust media. Inoculum was placed under the bark in two areas (8 × 5 cm each), one above the other, separated by a 15-cm space in which heat pulse velocity (HPV) sensors were installed. HPVs in the inoculated trees were monitored daily for 4 weeks. In sections inoculated with O. clavigerum, HPVs were significantly reduced 10 to 13 days after inoculation in both experiments. Sapwood under the inoculated area was visibly altered and colonized by the fungus. The other three fungi did not significantly reduce HPVs. These results proved the capability of O. clavigerum to colonize functional sapwood and stop sap flow within a short period of time and reconfirmed the importance of this fungus in the mortality of trees attacked by mountain pine beetle.

Virulence of, and interactions among, mountain pine beetle associated blue-stain fungi on two pine species and their hybrids in Alberta

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Rice ◽  
M.N. Thormann ◽  
D.W. Langor
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
Hybrid Pine

Mountain pine beetle (MPB) is the most serious pest of lodgepole pine in western Canada, and it is predicted to spread into boreal jack pine within the next few years. Colonization of host trees by MPB-associated blue-stain fungi appears to be required for successful beetle reproduction. Three species of blue-stain fungi, Grosmannia clavigera (Robinson-Jeffery and Davidson) Zipfel, de Beer, and Wingfield (≡ Ophiostoma clavigerum (Robinson-Jeffery and Davidson) Harrington), Ophiostoma montium (Rumbold) von Arx, and Leptographium longiclavatum Lee, Kim, and Breuil, are associated with MPB in Alberta. In inoculation experiments, all three fungi caused lesions on lodgepole pine, jack pine, and their hybrids. On average, lesions were longer on jack pine and hybrids than on lodgepole pine, suggesting that fungal development will not be a barrier to MPB success in these trees. Differences in lesion length caused by the three fungal species were minimal, with significant differences observed only on hybrid pine and between O. montium and the other fungal treatments. On average, lesions caused by combinations of the three fungi (pair-wise and all together) did not differ significantly in length from those caused by the fungi singly, and none of the fungal species competitively excluded any of the others. These observations suggest that all three species are pathogenic to boreal pines and that the virulence of all three species is comparable.

Rate of increase of blue stained volume in mountain pine beetle killed lodgepole pine in northeastern Oregon, U.S.A.

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Harvey Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Rate Of Spread ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Blue Stain

Recently killed lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl.) were examined to determine rate of spread of blue stain fungi introduced by mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonusponderosae Hopk.). Trees were felled, dissected at 2.5-m intervals, and photographed at each cross section to determine area of stain. Rate of spread is so rapid that salvaging mountain pine beetle killed lodgepole pine prior to severe staining is difficult.

Early stages of blue-stain fungus invasion of lodgepole pine sapwood following mountain pine beetle attack

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halvor Solheim
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Dendroctonus Ponderosae ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
Ophiostoma Montium

Invasion of lodgepole pine sapwood by blue-stain fungi was followed for 7 weeks after infestation by the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae. During this period all sapwood was heavily stained blue and blue-stain fungi were always isolated close to the front of visible occlusion. Ophiostoma clavigerum and Ophiostoma montium were commonly isolated, both of which are known to be carried in the mycangia of the mountain pine beetle. Ophiostoma montium was most frequently isolated, but when both fungi were present O. clavigerum was always at the leading edge of fungal penetration. On average O. montium trailed 7.3 mm behind O. clavigerum. Other microorganisms were seldom isolated. Key words: lodgepole pine, Dendroctonus ponderosae, fungal succession, blue-stain fungi.

Forest structure altered by mountain pine beetle outbreaks affects subsequent attack in a Wyoming lodgepole pine forest, USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2403-2412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Kashian ◽  
Rebecca M. Jackson ◽  
Heather D. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
The 1960S

Extensive outbreaks of the mountain pine beetle ( Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) will alter the structure of many stands that will likely be attacked again before experiencing a stand-replacing fire. We examined a stand of lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) in Grand Teton National Park currently experiencing a moderate-level outbreak and previously attacked by mountain pine beetle in the 1960s. Consistent with published studies, tree diameter was the main predictor of beetle attack on a given tree, large trees were preferentially attacked, and tree vigor, age, and cone production were unimportant variables for beetle attack at epidemic levels. Small trees killed in the stand were killed based mainly on their proximity to large trees and were likely spatially aggregated with large trees as a result of the previous outbreak. We concluded that the driving factors of beetle attack and their spatial patterns are consistent across outbreak severities but that stand structure altered by the previous outbreak had implications for the current outbreaks in the same location. This study should catalyze additional research that examines how beetle-altered stand structure affects future outbreaks — an important priority for predicting their impacts under climate change scenarios that project increases in outbreak frequency and extent.

OBSERVATIONS ON A TRIAL OF BROADCAST BURNING TO CONTROL AN INFESTATION OF THE MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE DENDROCTONUS PONDEROSAE

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Stock ◽  
R.A. Gorley
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Dendroctonus Ponderosae ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle

The mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk., causes extensive mortality of lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm., throughout western North America (Van Sickle 1982). The Prince Rupert Forest Region, in the northwest of British Columbia, initiated an aggressive beetle management program in 1981. Logging of infested stands, and winter felling and burning of individual infested trees are the most common direct control techniques.The “Bristol Lake” infestation developed in the Bulkley Forest District, approximately 55 km northwest of Smithers, B.C., on a steep rocky ridge within the valley of Harold Price Creek. The area contained large volumes of mature lodgepole pine, and control of the infestation was therefore considered critical to the local beetle management plan, but the size (50 ha) and rough topography of the infested area precluded normal direct control measures.

scholarly journals Mountain Pine Beetle Infestation: Cycling and Succession in Lodgepole Pine Forest

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
W. Romme ◽  
J. Yavitt ◽  
D. Knight
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Surrounding Areas

A research project was initiated in 1980 to study the effects of outbreaks of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) on lodgepole pine forest (Pinus contorta Dougl. ssp. latifolia) in Yellowstone National Park and surrounding areas. This native insect apparently has long been associated with lodgepole pine, and reports of small numbers of beetles can be found in Park records as early as 1925. However, in the late 1940's and early 1950's major outbreaks began to occur on the Caribou and Targhee National Forests immediately to the west and southwest of Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. An outbreak in Grand Teton National Park and the adjacent Teton National Forest began in the 1950's, with an explosive increase in 1961 followed by an eventual subsidence in the late 1960's. The first major outbreak in Yellowstone National Park began in the late 1960's in the Bechler and South Entrance areas, reaching a peak there in 1970 and later declining. Yearly aerial surveys conducted thereafter showed a steady northward movement of the outbreak through the western half of the Park at a rate of 1 - 5 km per year. By 1978 the peak outbreak was centered around West Yellowstone, with hundreds of infested trees per hectare. The outbreak is now moving north and east along the Madison and Gibbon Rivers, with the greatest beetle populations currently in the vicinity of Madison Junction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document