pine bark
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

914
(FIVE YEARS 148)

H-INDEX

45
(FIVE YEARS 8)

2022 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 114100
Author(s):  
Hugo Bacelo ◽  
Sílvia C.R. Santos ◽  
Andreia Ribeiro ◽  
Rui A.R. Boaventura ◽  
Cidália M.S. Botelho

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Zawadzińska ◽  
Piotr Salachna ◽  
Jacek S. Nowak ◽  
Waldemar Kowalczyk ◽  
Rafał Piechocki ◽  
...  

Plant biomass in the form of waste materials and by-products from various industries can be a valuable material for the production of composts and growing media for urban gardening. In this study, pulp and paper mill sludge, fruit-vegetable waste, mushroom spent substrate and rye straw were used to produce compost that was further used as a medium component in container cultivation of tomato. The plants were grown in containers with a capacity of 3 dm3 filled with three types of compost-based growing media supplemented with high peat, fen peat, pine bark and wood fiber. The tomato plants grown in 100% peat substrate served as controls. The plants grown in the compost-enriched media had a higher leaf greening index and percentage of ripe fruit, and exhibited an increased content of total polyphenols and flavonoids, potassium, calcium, magnesium and copper in fruit as compared with the control. The tomatoes grown in a medium consisting of 25% compost, 30% high peat, 15% low peat, 20% pine bark and 10% wood fiber reached the highest fresh fruit weight, total polyphenol content and L-ascorbic acid levels. This study demonstrated that the compost produced from natural materials from various sources was a valuable potting medium supplement with positive effects on tomato yield and nutritional value.


Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1781
Author(s):  
Yu-Lian Wei ◽  
Qiu-Shi Li ◽  
Zhen Bai ◽  
Qing-Xue Wu

Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. is an endemic and dominant tree in temperate zone needle broad-leaf mixed forest and has great economic and ecological value. As the barrier, pine bark has many important functions. However, the ecological functions and forming mechanism of bark fungal community are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to reveal the fungal community of Korean pine bark from Changbai Nature Reserve of Northeast China. Based on Illumina Hiseq2000 platform with five different types from three sites, the results showed that the bark types and collecting sites have strong influence on the fungal community structure. CCA demonstrates the physico-chemical properties of barks and sample collecting height are important factors. Spearman’s correlation coefficients between dominant ASVs and these factors showed the impact in detail. Dominant ASVs in living and dead tree bark are animal or plant pathogens mainly, and they are negative with the total N and P. Meanwhile, wood saprotroph and other undefined saprotroph fungi occur in the bark near the ground and they prefer the substrate with higher total N and P content. Furthermore, enzymes activities including lignin-related oxidoreductases, cellulose and hydrolytic enzyme are affected significantly by the bark’s physico-chemical properties.


Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1731
Author(s):  
Vera Karličić ◽  
Milica Zlatković ◽  
Jelena Jovičić-Petrović ◽  
Milan P. Nikolić ◽  
Saša Orlović ◽  
...  

Pinus sylvestris bark represents a rich source of active compounds with antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. The current study aimed to evaluate the antifungal potential of P. sylvestris bark against Botryosphaeria dothidea, Dothiorella sarmentorum, and Neofusicoccum parvum (Botryosphaeriaceae) through its chemical (water extracts) and biological (Trichoderma spp. isolated from the bark) components. The water bark extracts were prepared at two temperatures (80 and 120 °C) and pH regimes (7 and 9). The presence of bark extracts (30%) caused inhibition of mycelial growth of B. dothidea and D. sarmentorum for 39 to 44% and 53 to 60%, respectively. Moreover, we studied the antagonistic effect of three Trichoderma isolates originating from the pine bark. Trichoderma spp. reduced growth of B. dothidea by 67%–85%, D. sarmentorum by 63%–75% and N. parvum by 55%–62%. Microscopic examination confirmed typical mycoparasitism manifestations (coiling, parallel growth, hook-like structures). The isolates produced cellulase, β-glucosidase and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase. The volatile blend detected the emission of several volatile compounds with antimicrobial activity, including nonanoic acid, cubenene, cis-α-bergamotene, hexanedioic acid, and verticillol. The present study confirmed in vitro potential of P. sylvestris bark extracts and Trichoderma spp. against the Botryosphaeriaceae. The study is an important step towards the use of environmentally friendly methods of Botryosphaeriaceae disease control.


Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1574
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Affek ◽  
Agnieszka Tabernacka ◽  
Monika Załęska-Radziwiłł ◽  
Nina Doskocz ◽  
Adam Muszyński

Three semi-technical scale biofilters were applied to treat waste gases at different industrial sites in Poland: a mechanical–biological treatment plant of municipal solid waste, a wastewater treatment plant and a food industry plant. Two types of materials were used as beds in the biofilters: stumpwood chips and pine bark, and stumpwood chips, pine bark and compost from green waste. Both bed materials supported the microbial growth and high numbers (106–108 cfu/g dry mass (DM)) of culturable bacteria, and fungi in beds were observed. There was no correlation between the number of microorganisms (cfu/g DM) and the respiratory activity in the biofilter beds. However, microbial respiration activity corresponded with microbial abundance expressed as microbial equivalents (ME), which was calculated based on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) determination. The biofilters either reduced or increased bioaerosol emissions from industrial plants, depending on the microbial content in the waste gases. A high microbial content in the waste gases made the effect of microbial emission from the biofilter bed negligible. The type of biofilter bed and number of microorganisms in the bed also influenced the final bioaerosol emission, but these factors were relevant for biofilters that treated waste gases with low microbial concentrations.


Author(s):  
K.M. Faridul Hasan ◽  
Xiaoyi Liu ◽  
Zsófia Kóczán ◽  
Péter György Horváth ◽  
Miklós Bak ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Rova Karine Rajaonarivony ◽  
Xavier Rouau ◽  
Charlène Fabre ◽  
Claire Mayer-Laigle

Background: Lignocellulosic biomass has many functionalities that hold huge potential for material, energy or chemistry applications. To support advanced applications, the biomass must be milled into ultrafine powder to increase reactivity. This milling unit operation needs to be fully mastered to deliver high-quality standard end-products. Here we studied the relationship between the characteristics of the starting lignocellulosic plant material and the properties of the resulting ultrafine powder in different ball-mill process routes. Methods: Two lignocellulosic biomasses (pine bark and wheat straw) with contrasted compositional and mechanical properties were milled using three ball-mill set-ups delivering different balances of impact force and attrition force. The resulting powders were analysed for particle characteristics (size, agglomeration extent, shape) and powder flow properties (compressibility, cohesion) using a dynamic powder rheometer. Results: Pine bark is more amenable to a fast particle size reduction than the fibrous wheat straw. The resulting pine bark powders appear less compressible but much more cohesive than the straw powders due to particle shape, density and composition factors. The mill set-up working by attrition as dominant mechanical force (vibratory ball mill) produced a mix of large, elongated particles and higher amounts of fines as it acts mainly by erosion, the resulting powder being more prone to agglomerate due to the abundance of fines. The mill set-up working by impact as dominant mechanical force (rotary ball mill) produced more evenly distributed particle sizes and shapes. The resulting powder is less prone to agglomerate due to a preferential fragmentation mechanism. Conclusions: The attrition-dominant mill yields powders with dispersed particle sizes and shapes and the poorest flow properties, while the impact-dominant mill yields more agglomeration-prone powders. The mill set-up working with impact and attrition as concomitant mechanical forces (stirred ball mill) produces powders with better reactivity and flow properties compared to rotary and vibratory mills.


2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 435-436
Author(s):  
Nelson Vera ◽  
Constanza Gutierrez ◽  
Pamela Williams ◽  
Cecilia Fuentealba ◽  
Rodrigo Allende ◽  
...  

Abstract The aim of the study was to correlate the effects of supplementation with a polyphenolic pine bark extract (PBE) in diets with different forage to concentrate (F:C) ratio on methane (CH4), ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N) production and ruminal fermentation parameters using the Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC). The experimental diets were F:C 70:30 (HF) or F:C 30:70 (HC) with or without 2% PBE on a DM basis. The four diets were isoproteic (15% CP), with similar OM (HF 94% and HC 96%), but different NDF (HF 40% and HC 25%). The treatments, in duplicate, were assigned in an 8 fermenter RUSITEC apparatus. Incubations were run twice, with 5 days of sampling after 10 days adaptation. The experimental design was a 2x2 factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block with repeated measures. Pearson correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted to elucidate relationships among PBE total polyphenols (TP) and the variables evaluated. The TP was highly correlated with NH3–N (r = –0.98; P < 0.001) and butyrate (r = –0.85; P < 0.001), and had a high correlation with propionate (r = 0.75; P < 0.001) and acetate (r = 0.68; P = 0.001). Correlation with total VFA was moderate (r = –0.59; P = 0.006), and CH4 yield and IVDMD there were not correlated (r ≤ –0.07; P ≥ 0.188). The PCA (KMO = 0.655; BTS < 0.001) shows that 75.2% of the total variation is explained by the first two principal components (PC1 = 46.5% and PC2 = 28.7%). In the score plot, PC1 discriminated between diets with and without PBE, while the PC2 separated based on NDF. The loading plot showed that TP and propionate were clustered, and had inverse directions to NH3–N. In conclusion, the PBE supplementation reduces NH3–N production in a RUSITEC system without decreasing CH4 yield or negatively affecting ruminal fermentation parameters.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document