Nutrient cycling in a Carex lacustris wetland

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 630-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Bernard ◽  
Betsy A. Solsky
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Belowground Production ◽  
Aboveground Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Carex Lacustris

Seasonal changes in aboveground and belowground life history of Carex lacustris were determined and used to study primary production and nutrient cycling in the ecosystem. Seasonal aboveground production was estimated to be about 965 g/m2 per year, with a peak rate of 20.9 g/m2 per day reached in late July. Belowground production was estimated to be 208 g/m2 per year for a total production estimate of 1173 g/m2 per year.Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium begin the season with high percentage concentrations in green overwintering shoots but the percentages decline to only about one-third of the original at death in December. Early growth in spring is characterized by a redistribution of these nutrients in the shoots, some translocation from belowground tissues, and uptake from the soil. Calciumand magnesium do not show any important translocation patterns during the year.The yearly budget of uptake and loss of nutrients during a year is estimated to be 15.9 g/m2 nitrogen, 1.9 g/m2 phosphorus, 16.6 g/m2 potassium, 2.9 g/m2 calcium, and 1.5 g/m2 magnesium.

Primary production and life history of Carex lacustris

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Bernard ◽  
James G. Macdonald Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
A Value ◽  
Aboveground Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Carex Lacustris ◽  
Very High

Seasonal changes in aboveground and belowground standing crop and primary production in a Carex lacustris wetland were determined and related to the basic life history of this species. There was a seasonal minimum of 180 g/m2 green material aboveground frozen in the ice in winter and a maximum of 1037 g/m2 in summer (early August). Seasonal aboveground production based on quadrat data and based on the difference between maximum and minimum standing crop is estimated to be 857 g/m2 per year, maximum daily production 15 g/m2 per day. A second estimate, also based on quadrat data but taking into account the very high shoot mortality during the growing season, was determined. Seasonal aboveground production then is 1580 g/m2 per year, maximum daily production is 20.3 g/m2 per day. Belowground standing crop was 387 g/m2 in winter but then declined to an average summer low of 226 g/m2. Belowground standing crop increased during autumn and, by October 7, a value equal to the previous winter's value was reached. Shoots of this species live for 1 year or less, emerging in autumn, overwintering, and then dying sometime during the next summer.

The life history of shoots of Carex lacustris

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
History Of ◽  
Carex Lacustris

Most shoots of Carex lacustris live for about 12–14 months, emerging in autumn, overwintering as shoots of up to 50 cm in length, and maturing during the next summer. Others emerge in early spring but both groups die in late autumn. A third class emerges in late July or August, grow to be over 50 cm in length, and die in late autumn, living only 2 or 3 months.Flower initials in this species begin growth in the September–October period and overwinter while about 1.0 cm in length. The shoots that develop inflorescences are in general longer, heavier, and have a greater basal diameter than those shoots which do not flower. More shoots flower if the water level in the marsh was high the previous year.

Seasonal cycle of the nest composition in the Ponerine ant Cryptopone sauteri (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Sociobiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Yuki Yamaguchi ◽  
Hiromi Yazawa ◽  
Satoru Iwanishi ◽  
Kazuyuki Kudô
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Brood Development ◽  
Ponerine Ant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Annual Life History

The annual life history is a basic and important factor in ecological studies on temperate ant species. The biology of Ponerinae species has been studied for many species, but little attention has been paid to their life history. Cryptopone sauteri is one of the most common ants in temperate regions of Japan. However, there is no quantitative information on the life history of this species. We report seasonal changes in brood development, the emergence of reproductives and social structures of C. sauteri. Additionally, we discuss that this species possibly exhibits a polydomous nesting system.

Attachment of the Coral Caryophyllia Smithii S. & B. to Tubes of the Polychaete Ditrupa Arietina (Müller) and other Substrates

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Soft Sediments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Growth History ◽  
History Of

INTRODUCTIONLittle is known about the early growth history of solitary corals in relation to the substrates to which they are attached. An understanding of this relationship between coral and substrate, and of how it may change throughout the life of the coral, is particularly important in studies of the life history and ecology of solitary corals living in sand and other soft sediments. A knowledge of the variety of different substrates to which solitary corals are attached in the wide range of different environments in which they live is also of importance to the palaeontologist when attempting palaeoecological interpretation of transported coral debris.

LIFE HISTORY AND POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EUROPEAN EARWIG, FORFICULA AURICULARIA (DERMAPTERA: FORFICULIDAE), AT VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA

1975 ◽  
Vol 107 (8) ◽  
pp. 819-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Lamb ◽  
W. G. Wellington
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Forficula Auricularia ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Developmental Rates ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Earwig

AbstractThe life history of the European earwig at Vancouver, B.C., is described and divided into two periods: the nesting phase and the free-foraging phase. Seasonal changes in population characteristics are documented and compared in sparsely and densely vegetated habitats. The developmental rates, population sizes, and sex ratios, but not the body weights, differ between the two habitats. Suggested reasons for these differences are advanced.

Costs of reproduction in life history of a perennial plant Carex secalina

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 870-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bogdanowicz ◽  
Paweł Olejniczak ◽  
Marlena Lembicz ◽  
Waldemar Żukowski
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Costs Of Reproduction ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
History Of

AbstractWe tested a hypothesis based on life history theory that examines reproductive costs incurred by individuals in consecutive years of their life. A multi-year dataset of resource allocation to vegetative and reproductive structures was analysed in Carex secalina — a perennial, monoecious sedge, reproducing only sexually. In a four-year garden experiment, we assessed above-ground biomass at the end of each season and reproductive allocation expressed as the total length of male and female spikes. The study was aimed at determining how size and age of a plant relates to its reproduction, and how the rate of reproduction affects the year-toyear biomass change in Carex secalina. We observed that after each reproductive episode, individuals had significantly smaller sizes and produced a lower number of generative tillers. The total production of reproductive structures decreased significantly with age in all populations. Moreover, the decrease in plant biomass was greater when more reproductive structures were produced in a previous year, which indicates that the plants incur costs of reproduction in terms of above-ground biomass production.

Seasonal variation in the biochemical composition of Mytilicola intestinalis

Parasitology ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Copepod Parasite ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research Assistantship ◽  
The University

The biochemical constitution of the copepod parasite Mytilicola intestinalis was determined and seasonal changes were detected which, in general, could be correlated with the life-history of the parasite.Biochemical constituents have been discussed in relation to those in other endoparasites and free-living crustaceans. It was concluded that carbohydrates and lipids both formed important stores of energy in M. intestinalis. Protein levels were reduced compared with those in free-living forms.This work forms part of a Ph.D. thesis in the University of London. It was completed during the tenure of a Research Assistantship at The Polytechnic, Regent Street, London W. 1.

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